Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale: A reliability generalization meta-analysis

Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) has been used as an influential instrument to measure foreign language anxiety (FLA) in classrooms for various research purposes worldwide for four decades. This instrument has been the focus of many studies; however, there seems to be a gap in the literature regarding its reliability generalization (RG). The current study investigated the generalisability of its reliability based on the studies in the literature. After including and excluding criteria to 1,799 studies from Web of Science, ProQuest, Scopus, and Google Scholar, we applied RG analysis based on the alpha coefficients of the remaining 262 studies. The metafor package in R Studio software was utilized for the analyses. The findings showed that the FLCAS can be used as a reliable instrument to measure FLA in classrooms. In addition, the findings explored that the reliability of the FLCAS can be affected by some categorical moderators such as publication type, country, language, culture, and study type, and the sample size is a significant continuous moderator in estimating the reliability of the FLCAS. Overall, the current study indicated that the FLCAS can be utilized as a reliable instrument to measure FLA in classrooms for various research purposes.