Dead Cell Discrimination with Red Emissive Carbon Quantum Dots from the Medicinal and Edible Herb Echinophora tenuifolia

dc.authorid0000-0002-7802-709X
dc.authorid0000-0002-2755-1756
dc.authorid0000-0003-0601-8642
dc.authorid0000-0002-4836-8651
dc.authorid0000-0001-6548-7823
dc.authorid0000-0003-3785-9575
dc.contributor.authorÖzdemir, Naciye
dc.contributor.authorTan, Gamze
dc.contributor.authorTevlek, Atakan
dc.contributor.authorArslan, Gülşin
dc.contributor.authorZengin, Gökhan
dc.contributor.authorSargın, Idris
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-18T05:37:53Z
dc.date.available2025-07-18T05:37:53Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentSabire Yazıcı Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi
dc.description.abstractAccurately determining the viability of cells is crucial for in vitro cell research. Fluorescence-based live/dead cell staining is a highly desirable method to assess cell viability and survival in in vitro studies. We describe a green synthesis method to create red-emissive CQDs from the medicinal and edible herb Echinophora tenuifolia using microwave irradiation. We observed that the biocompatibility and photostability of the CQDs are superior. The antioxidant capacity of the CQDs and the plant extract were also investigated using different chemical methods (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, PBD, and MCA). The antioxidant capacity of the CQDs was similar to that of the extract of E. tenuifolia. Cytotoxicity studies indicate that while the CQDs are not toxic to L929, they exhibit significant toxicity towards HepG2 cells. The CQDs exhibited a strong negative zeta potential (-44.0 mV), which contributed to their selective interaction with dead cells while being repelled by viable cells with intact membrane potentials. The optimal concentration for effective, non-toxic imaging was determined to be 25 µg/mL, as lower concentrations did not produce detectable fluorescence. Differential staining experiments confirmed that CQDs selectively stained dead cells, with red fluorescence observed under the Texas Red filter. Moreover, CQDs exhibited favorable fluorescence intensity and stability, which may offer advantages for long-term and reliable bioimaging applications. In vitro studies on HepG2 and L929 cell lines revealed that the red-emissive CQDs from E. tenuifolia can be potentially used in bioimaging.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10895-025-04286-y
dc.identifier.issn10530509
dc.identifier.scopus105001928164
dc.identifier.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-025-04286-y
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12451/13364
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001459631300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.institutionauthorTan, Gamze
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Fluorescence
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectAntioxidant Capacity
dc.subjectBioimaging
dc.subjectCytotoxicity
dc.subjectDead Cell Discrimination
dc.subjectRed Emissive Carbon Quantum Dots
dc.titleDead Cell Discrimination with Red Emissive Carbon Quantum Dots from the Medicinal and Edible Herb Echinophora tenuifolia
dc.typeArticle

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