Impact of seasonal variations and water quality parameters on the formation of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in drinking water treatment processes

Alver, Alper; Baştürk, Emine; Kılıç, Ahmet

Impact of seasonal variations and water quality parameters on the formation of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in drinking water treatment processes

dc.authorid	0000-0003-2734-8544
dc.authorid	0000-0003-2734-8544
dc.authorid	0000-0002-2365-3093
dc.contributor.author	Alver, Alper
dc.contributor.author	Baştürk, Emine
dc.contributor.author	Kılıç, Ahmet
dc.date.accessioned	2025-07-10T08:08:00Z
dc.date.available	2025-07-10T08:08:00Z
dc.date.issued	2025
dc.department	Mühendislik Fakültesi
dc.description.abstract	n this study, the combined effects of seasonal variations and water treatment processes on the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), focusing on trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) within a full-scale conventional drinking water treatment plant, were investigated. The seasonal analysis revealed that autumn exhibited the highest levels of disinfection by-product formation potential (DBPFP), with trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and halo acetic acid formation potential (HAAFP) reaching 255 μg/L and 241 μg/L, respectively, likely due to increased organic matter from leaf fall and runoff. In contrast, winter exhibited the lowest concentrations, with THMFP at 150 μg/L and HAAFP at 56 μg/L. It is attributed to lower temperatures that limit organic matter reactivity. Correlations between 24 water quality parameters and DBPFP types were also examined, identifying critical parameters with the highest correlations. These parameters, including UV254 absorbance and total organic carbon, were used to develop regression models sensitive to seasonal changes and treatment stages. Among the treatment units, the coagulation and aeration stages achieved notable reductions in THM precursors, whereas HAA precursors were less effectively removed, persisting into secondary treatment stages. Chloroform was the predominant THM species, with a peak concentration of 100 μg/L in autumn, decreasing to 76 μg/L in summer, possibly due to increased volatilization in warmer months. For HAAs, dichloroacetic acid displayed the highest seasonal variability, peaking in autumn at 28 μg/L. These findings highlight the need for seasonally adaptive treatment strategies, particularly during high-risk autumn periods when DBPFP levels are elevated. This study provides actionable insights into optimizing treatment protocols to improve DBP control, emphasizing seasonal adjustments’ critical role in ensuring compliance with water quality standards.
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125567
dc.identifier.issn	03014797
dc.identifier.pmid	105003708158
dc.identifier.scopus	105003708158
dc.identifier.uri	https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125567
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12451/13232
dc.identifier.volume	384
dc.identifier.wos	WOS:001483560400001
dc.identifier.wosquality	Q1
dc.indekslendigikaynak	Scopus
dc.indekslendigikaynak	Web of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynak	PubMed
dc.institutionauthor	Alver, Alper
dc.institutionauthor	Baştürk, Emine
dc.institutionauthor	Kılıç, Ahmet
dc.institutionauthorid	0000-0003-2734-8544
dc.institutionauthorid	0000-0003-2734-8544
dc.institutionauthorid	0000-0003-2734-8544
dc.language.iso	en
dc.publisher	Academic Press
dc.relation.ispartof	Journal of Environmental Management
dc.relation.publicationcategory	Makale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	Disinfection by-product
dc.subject	Drinking Water Treatment Plant
dc.subject	Haloacetic Acid
dc.subject	Seasonal Qariation
dc.subject	Trihalomethane
dc.subject	Water Quality Parameter
dc.title	Impact of seasonal variations and water quality parameters on the formation of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in drinking water treatment processes
dc.type	Article