Acute neurochemical, psychophysiological, and cognitive responses to small-sided games vs. running-based HIIT in young, male soccer players

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dc.authorid0000-0002-1772-6014
dc.authorid0000-0003-0609-0601
dc.authorid0000-0003-0623-883X
dc.authorid0009-0000-9035-0925
dc.authorid0000-0002-2593-7196
dc.authoridd.org/0000-0002-5670-7166
dc.contributor.authorBirinci, Yakup Zühtü
dc.contributor.authorPancar, Serkan
dc.contributor.authorSoylu, Yusuf
dc.contributor.authorTopçu, Hüseyin
dc.contributor.authorKoçyiğit, Aygül
dc.contributor.authorSarandöl, Emre
dc.contributor.authorŞimşek, Hasan
dc.contributor.authorŞahin, Şenay
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-18T07:09:12Z
dc.date.available2025-09-18T07:09:12Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentSpor Bilimleri Fakültesi
dc.description.abstractThis study aimed to compare the immediate effects of small-sided games (SSGs) and running-based high-intensity interval training (HIITrb) on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, cognitive performance, and enjoyment in young, male soccer players. Methods: Twenty-four soccer players [age: 19.2 ± 0.8 years] completed one session each of four-a-side SSG or HIITrb in a randomized, counterbalanced, and crossover design, with a one-week washout period. Blood samples and Trail Making Tests (TMTs) A and B were measured before and after exercise. Heart rate (HR) was monitored throughout the games, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and enjoyment were collected at the end of the measurements. Results: The results show no significant effects of time (p > 0.775), group (p > 0.276) or time × group interaction (p > 0.199) on BDNF levels. For TMT-A, the time effect (p = 0.866) and group effect (p = 0.057) were not significant; however, the time × group interaction was significant (p < 0.019), indicating a superior performance in the SSG compared to HIITrb. In the TMT-B, significant effects were observed for both time (p < 0.001) and group (p < 0.001), while the time × group interaction effect was not statistically significant (p > 0.061). Furthermore, enjoyment levels did not differ significantly between conditions (p = 0.976). Conclusions: These findings suggest that four-a-side SSG may enhance processing speed compared to HIITrb without changes in serum BDNF levels. Coaches may consider using 4v4 SSG formats in early training sessions or warm-ups to stimulate processing speed and mental readiness in young soccer players.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/healthcare13141738
dc.identifier.issn22279032
dc.identifier.issue14
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105011636609
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13141738
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12451/14456
dc.identifier.volume13
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001541098100001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.institutionauthorPancar, Serkan
dc.institutionauthorŞimşek, Hasan
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0002-4495-9796
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0001-5573-4923
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.relation.ispartofHealthcare (Switzerland)
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectBrain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
dc.subjectCognition
dc.subjectFootball
dc.subjectGame-Based Training
dc.titleAcute neurochemical, psychophysiological, and cognitive responses to small-sided games vs. running-based HIIT in young, male soccer players
dc.typeArticle

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