Chitosan hydrogels: Versatile platforms for drug delivery in cancer treatment, wound dressing, and 3D bioprinting applications

Chitosan, derived from chitin, is frequently employed in various applications, including hydrogels. In cancer treatment, chitosan serves as a drug carrier, enhancing drug bioavailability while reducing side effects. Additionally, its inherent antibacterial properties and ability to maintain a moist environment facilitate faster wound healing. Its capacity for controlled drug release also ensures prolonged delivery of therapeutic agents. Furthermore, its biocompatibility and biodegradability present substantial advantages. Beyond conventional methods, chitosan is now being utilized as a bioink in 3D printing technologies. This innovation enables personalized treatments, leveraging the advantages of chitosan. However, certain challenges must be addressed to ensure the proper application of this technology. This review not only provides comprehensive insights into the synthesis and biomedical applications of chitosan hydrogels but also summarizes recent studies from the past five years, focusing on their roles in wound healing, cancer treatment, and 3D printing applications.