22 şubat 1962 darbe girişimine giden süreçte siyasi af ve toplumsal huzur tartışmaları
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Date
2020
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Hacettepe University
Access Rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Anayasaya aykırı hareketleri ve toplumsal huzursuzluk nedeniyle 27 Mayıs 1960’da yönetime el koyan Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri, yeni bir anayasa hazırlandıktan sonra sivil hayata dönüleceğini açıklamıştı. Yeni dönemde anayasal kurumlar oluşturulmuş, siyasetin de Demokrat Party (DP) döneminden farklı olması beklenmişti. Önceki tartışmaların geride kaldığı ve artık hükûmetin tüm enerjisinin ülkenin sorunlarının çözümüne ayrılacağı düşünülmüştü. DP tabanı ise 15 Ekim 1961 seçimlerinde destek verdikleri Adalet Partisi ve Yeni Türkiye Partisi üzerinden 27 Mayıs darbesinin yaralarını sarmak istiyordu. Bu çabalar ilk hükûmet döneminin en önemli gündemi oluşturacaktı. Çalışmamız 27 Mayıs 1960 darbesinden sonra kurulan ilk sivil hükûmet döneminde yaşanan af ve huzur tartışmalarına temas edecektir
The Turkish Armed Forces, which confiscated the government on May 27, 1960 relying on unconstitutional acts and social unrest, announced that it would return to civil life after a new constitution was prepared. Constitutional institutions were formed in the new period and politics was expected to be different from the Democrat Party (DP) period. It was thought that previous discussions were left behind and all the energy of the government would be devoted to the solution of the problems of the country. However, DP wanted to heal the wounds of the May 27th coup over the Justice Party and New Turkey Party to which DP gave support on October 15, 1961 elections. These efforts would constitute the most important agenda of the first government period. Our study will touch upon the amnesty and peace debates experienced during the first civil government established after the May 27, 1960 coup. The 1st Inonu government, which started to function as a coalition, tried on one hand to make the institutions of the new constitution operational and on the other hand to regulate the political life that was deteriorated by the coup. In this process, the main concern of the government was to settle peace in the country, to continue the gains of the May 27 movement. However, demands for amnesty from both the press and the AP and other parties and the debates damaging the reputation of civil politics (the question of the increase of deputies’ salaries, Nuri Beşer's statement, the publication of the news from the prison in Kayseri to be in a way to keep former DP members on the agenda of the country) did not escape the notice of some soldiers which thought that it was passed to civilian life early. Many soldiers believed that coup of May 27 had been rapidly destroyed. For them, soldiers should not have abandoned the power for radical social reforms. The developments that took place would cause the social peace attempted by the government to be faced with the coup attempt of February 22nd.
The Turkish Armed Forces, which confiscated the government on May 27, 1960 relying on unconstitutional acts and social unrest, announced that it would return to civil life after a new constitution was prepared. Constitutional institutions were formed in the new period and politics was expected to be different from the Democrat Party (DP) period. It was thought that previous discussions were left behind and all the energy of the government would be devoted to the solution of the problems of the country. However, DP wanted to heal the wounds of the May 27th coup over the Justice Party and New Turkey Party to which DP gave support on October 15, 1961 elections. These efforts would constitute the most important agenda of the first government period. Our study will touch upon the amnesty and peace debates experienced during the first civil government established after the May 27, 1960 coup. The 1st Inonu government, which started to function as a coalition, tried on one hand to make the institutions of the new constitution operational and on the other hand to regulate the political life that was deteriorated by the coup. In this process, the main concern of the government was to settle peace in the country, to continue the gains of the May 27 movement. However, demands for amnesty from both the press and the AP and other parties and the debates damaging the reputation of civil politics (the question of the increase of deputies’ salaries, Nuri Beşer's statement, the publication of the news from the prison in Kayseri to be in a way to keep former DP members on the agenda of the country) did not escape the notice of some soldiers which thought that it was passed to civilian life early. Many soldiers believed that coup of May 27 had been rapidly destroyed. For them, soldiers should not have abandoned the power for radical social reforms. The developments that took place would cause the social peace attempted by the government to be faced with the coup attempt of February 22nd.
Description
Keywords
1960, 1962, Amnesty, Coup Attempt of February 22, Coup of May 27, Peace, The Justice Party
Journal or Series
Journal of Modern Turkish History
WoS Q Value
N/A
Scopus Q Value
Q4
Volume
16
Issue
31
