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Öğe 6(th) grade students' use of different strategies in solving ratio and proportion problems(Elsevier, 2010) Avcu, Ramazan; Avcu, Seher; Keser, Hafize; Özçınar, Zehra; Kanbul, SezerThe general purpose of this study was to determine the strategies used by sixth grade students in solving ratio and proportion problems. The research was carried out at three different elementary schools of Konya province in Turkey during 2009-2010 educational years. The study was conducted with 278 elementary school 6(th) grade students. In sample choice, random sampling method was used. General survey model was employed in order to determine students' solution strategies. In determining these strategies, an open ended test consisting of 8 items was developed by the researchers. Items were developed by following the objectives of renewed elementary mathematics curriculum. Students' answers were evaluated with rubrics which were developed for each item according to the strategies used. Data were analyzed by using descriptive analyses. The results revealed that students used six different solution strategies in solving ratio and proportion problems. In addition, they most frequently used cross multiplication algorithm strategy during the solution of these problems. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Öğe A comparison of mathematical features of Turkish and American textbook definitions regarding special quadrilaterals(Taylor & Francis Online, 2019) Avcu, RamazanIn this study, I analyzed and compared definitions of special quadrilaterals presented in the US and Turkish secondary school mathematics textbooks. To this end, seven textbooks from each country were examined based on the following features of mathematical definitions: form of presentation and mathematical correctness, minimality, the nature of definitions, and the reference sets and geometric properties used in definitions. The results showed that Turkish textbooks include both procedural and structural definitions of quadrilaterals, while procedural definitions are non-existent in the US mathematics textbooks. Meanwhile, all structural definitions and all procedural definitions excluding one are mathematically correct. Besides, in both country textbooks, there exists more number of minimal and inclusive definitions compared to the non-minimal and exclusive ones. Finally, textbooks from both countries mainly use quadrilaterals as reference sets and sides as geometric properties in definitions of special quadrilaterals. The results bring to light the varied opportunities provided to the students by the US and Turkish textbooks to experience and learn definitions of special quadrilaterals.Öğe Analyzing undergraduate students' self confidence levels in terms of some variables(Elsevier, 2010) Avcu, Ramazan; Işıklar, Abdullah; Şar, Ali HaydarSelf confidence has a very significant impact both on expressing yourself during interpersonal relations and making up relations with others. Acting without self confidence may lead to isolation or retreatment of an individual from society. Because of that, therapists have been very much concerned about self confidence. Many people have difficulty in asserting their rights. These people should increase their self confidence levels in proper situations. In this context, self confidence education consists of modeling people who are self confident, acting to show that you are self confident enough and reacting instantly. This research was made in order to analyze undergraduate students' self confidence levels in terms of some variables. The population of the study consisted of four departments at Aksaray University. As a sample, 168 students studying at Aksaray University took part in. Data were collected via a scale measuring Self confidence levels of students. In data analyses, descriptive analyses, t-test and ANOVA were used. Results of the study showed that there was significant difference in terms of gender and departments. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Factors Associated with Prospective Teachers' Achievement in Quadrilateral Definitions: An Exploration of Background Characteristics(Çukurova Üniversitesi, 2018) Avcu, RamazanThis study investigated the relationships among prospective middle school mathematics teachers' background variables and their achievement in defining special quadrilaterals. The participants of the study were 184 prospective teachers (49 males and 135 females) from four intact classes (38 freshmen, 50 sophomores, 49 juniors, and 47 seniors). The Background Characteristics Questionnaire, the Special Quadrilaterals Test, and the Utley Geometry Attitude Questionnaire were used to gather data. The results showed that participants had low level of achievement in defining special quadrilaterals. No significant difference was found in their achievement with respect to gender, enrolment in an elective geometry course, and enrolment in a teaching practicum course. On the other hand, their achievement scores differentiated significantly in terms of their year levels. The multiple regression correlation results showed that prospective teachers' geometry course scores were a significant predictor of their achievement, while cumulative grade point averages (CGPAs) and geometry attitude scores were not.Öğe Matematik öğretmenlerinin çözümlü örneklerinin ve yazılı sınav sorularının öğretim programında yer alan kazanımlarla uyumunun belirlenmesi(Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, 2020) Avcu, Ramazan; Haser, ÇiğdemUyumluluk; kazanımlar, öğretim ve değerlendirme arasındaki örtüşmenin derecesine karşılık gelmektedir. Program uyumluluğu öğrenci başarısını artıran en önemli etkenlerden biri olmasına rağmen alan yazında bu kavramla ilgili az sayıda çalışma yer almaktadır. Bu boşluktan yola çıkarak bu çalışmada ortaokul matematik öğretmenlerinin çözümlü örneklerinin ve yazılı sınav sorularının öğretim programında yer alan kazanımlarla uyum düzeyini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada iç içe geçmiş çoklu durum deseni kullanılmıştır ve katılımcılar maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın verileri 2009 yılında yayımlanan ilköğretim matematik dersi 1–5 sınıflar öğretim programı, 6–8. sınıflar öğretim programı ve kılavuzu, birinci araştırmacı tarafından bir dönem boyunca kayıt altına alınan sınıf içi gözlemler ve öğretmenlerin yazılı sınav kâğıtları yardımıyla toplanmıştır. Veriler, karşılaştırmalı durum sentezi tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, öğretmenlerin çözümlü örneklerinin ve yazılı sınav sorularının öğretim programında yer alan kazanımlarla uyumunun sayılar öğrenme alanı için yeterli düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir. Öte yandan, öğretmenler; cebir, olasılık ve istatistik ve geometri öğrenme alanlarında ciddi uyumsuzluklar sergilemişlerdir. Bulgulardan yola çıkılarak, öğretmenlerin program uyumluluğu ile ilgili yeterliklerinin geliştirilmesini sağlayacak önerilerde bulunulmuştur.Öğe Middle-school mathematics teachers' provision of non-examples and explanations in rational number instruction(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Avcu, RamazanThis study explored four middle-school mathematics teachers' provision of non-examples and instructional explanations in teaching rational numbers to seventh-grade students. The data sources were 8 lesson hours of observations conducted in four different classrooms. Yin's [(2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). Sage] cross-case synthesis technique was used to code the four teachers' non-examples. Charalambous et al.'s [(2011). Prospective teachers' learning to provide instructional explanations: How does it look and what might it take? Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 14(6), 441-463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10857-011-9182-z] criteria were used to code their instructional explanations. The findings showed that the four teachers seldom used nonexamples of rational numbers in their classrooms and provided lowquality instructional explanations to their students. The implications for improving teachers' provision of non-examples and instructional explanations are discussed.Öğe Öğretmen adaylarının dörtgenleri tanımlama başarılarıyla ilişkili faktörler: Arka plan özelliklerinin araştırılması(Çukurova Üniversitesi, 2018) Avcu, RamazanThis study investigated the relationships among prospective middle school mathematics teachers’ background variables and their achievement in defining special quadrilaterals. The participants of the study were 184 prospective teachers (49 males and 135 females) from four intact classes (38 freshmen, 50 sophomores, 49 juniors, and 47 seniors). The Background Characteristics Questionnaire, the Special Quadrilaterals Test, and the Utley Geometry Attitude Questionnaire were used to gather data. The results showed that participants had low level of achievement in defining special quadrilaterals. No significant difference was found in their achievement with respect to gender, enrolment in an elective geometry course, and enrolment in a teaching practicum course. On the other hand, their achievement scores differentiated significantly in terms of their year levels. The multiple regression correlation results showed that prospective teachers’ geometry course scores were a significant predictor of their achievement, while cumulative grade point averages (CGPAs) and geometry attitude scores were not.Öğe Pre-service elementary mathematics teachers' use of strategies in mathematical problem solving(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2010) Avcu, Seher; Avcu, Ramazan; Keser, H; Ozcinar, Z; Kanbul, SThe purpose of this study was to examine pre-service elementary mathematics teachers' strategies used in mathematical problem solving. To collect data about pre-service elementary mathematics teachers' problem solving strategies, survey study design was used. Problem solving test which was developed by Arslan (2002) was used as a measuring instrument. There were ten open ended items in the test and each item check whether specific problem solving strategies were used or not. Participants' performances were graded dichotomously and the strategies that students used to solve problem correctly were determined. The test was administered to 93 pre-service elementary mathematics teachers studying at Aksaray University in elementary mathematics education department during 2010-2011 fall semester. In sample choice, convenience sampling method was used. In this study, descriptive statistics was used. The demographic information was analyzed by using frequencies and percentages. The results of the study revealed that pre-service elementary mathematics teachers have capability to use problem solving strategies and to solve problems; however the use of different strategies is rather limited. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Öğe Pre-service middle school mathematics teachers’ personal concept definitions of special quadrilaterals(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Avcu, RamazanThe purpose of the current study was to explore pre-service middle school mathematics teachers’ personal concept definitions of a trapezoid, parallelogram, rectangle, rhombus, square, and kite. The data were collected by a self-report instrument through which the pre-service teachers provided their answers in written form. The participants’ definitions were coded by using Zazkis and Leikin’s (Educational Studies in Mathematics, 69(2), 131–148, 2008) framework, which includes the following four main categories for determining mathematical correctness: necessary and sufficient, necessary but not sufficient, sufficient but not necessary, and neither necessary nor sufficient. The findings revealed that about half of the all definitions were correct. More specifically, the participants generated considerably higher proportion of correct definitions for a parallelogram and rhombus, while they displayed a very low performance in defining a kite. The possible reasons of the participants’ varied performance levels in defining the six basic quadrilaterals are discussed based on the linguistic (syntactic, semantic, and lexical) structure of the Turkish names given to the these quadrilaterals. The current study may provide some feedback to teacher education programs regarding the extent of knowledge that should be possessed by the pre-service teachers about definitions of special quadrilaterals before they leave their programs. Such feedback may also help mathematics teacher educators ponder on more fruitful approaches that may promote the development of pre-service teachers’ knowledge and understanding of definitions of special quadrilaterals.Öğe Prospective teachers’ knowledge of connections among external representations ın the context of proportionality(Aksaray Üniversitesi, 2017) Avcu, RamazanMathematics not only consists of procedures, symbols or operations, but also involves connections, representations, problem solving, reasoning and proof, communication, and conceptual understanding. Learners should make necessary connections among mathematical concepts and representations in order to develop deep mathematical understandings. For this reason, this study aims to explore prospective middle school mathematics teachers’ views about mathematical connections and their knowledge of connections among external representations in the context of proportionality. Multiple case study was used as a research design and the participants were three prospective middle school teachers enrolled in a teacher education program at a public university in the inner region of Turkey. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, note taking, and written tasks. The findings of the study suggested that prospective teachers viewed connections mainly as a link between different mathematical topics or concepts, as a link between mathematics and daily life, and as a tool for improving students’ understanding of mathematics. Moreover, prospective teachers were able to translate easily among different representations. However, the translations were carried out without conceptual understanding. Besides, participants had limited understanding of proportionality in the case of graphical representations.Öğe The methodological quality of experimental STEM education articles published in scholarly journals from 2014 to 2020(International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 2022) Avcu, Ramazan; Avcu, SeherExperimental studies have a considerable impact on the educational policies and practices of many countries. In Turkey, policymakers are planning to initiate a STEM education reform in K-12 schools based on experimental studies. However, the methodological flaws in these studies may lead to biased outcomes and may mislead the STEM education community. Despite the importance of methodological quality, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies that investigate the methodological quality of experimental STEM education articles published in scholarly journals. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a methodological review to examine the methodological quality of experimental STEM education articles published in refereed Turkish journals from 2014 to 2020. During the targeted period, we located 68 articles. We analyzed these articles by developing a coding framework. We found that the selected articles suffer seriously from various methodological flaws. We discuss the findings in light of the literature on methodological quality and suggest ways to improve the rigor of the experimental designs used. Ultimately, we discuss some implications for authors, journals editors, policymakers, and curriculum developers.Öğe The relationship between geometry attitudes and self-efficacy beliefs towards geometry(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2010) Ünlü, Melihan; Avcu, Seher; Avcu, Ramazan; Keser, H; Ozcinar, Z; Kanbul, SThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between geometry attitude scores and self-efficacy scores towards geometry. Thus, correlational model was used in the process of the study and convenience sampling method was used. The research was conducted with 126 pre-service elementary mathematics teachers studying at Aksaray University Education Faculty in 2010-2011 academic year. In investigating the relationship between geometry attitudes and self-efficacy beliefs about geometry "Self-efficacy scale towards geometry" developed by Canturk-Gunhan and Baser and "Geometry attitude scale" developed by Bindak were used. The results of the study revealed that, pre-service teachers' geometry attitude scores and self-efficacy scores towards geometry is high. In addition, there is a strong positive relationship between pre-service teachers' geometry attitudes and self-efficacy beliefs towards geometry.Öğe Turkish adaptation of the utley geometry attitude scale: A validity and reliability study(Ani Publishing, 2015) Avcu, Ramazan; Avcu, SeherProblem Statement: Among attitude measures, attitude scales are the most common, objective, and effective in gathering attitude data and there is a plenty of scales that measure various factors of attitude towards mathematics. However, there is a need for attitude scales that are content specific such as geometry, algebra, probability and statistics. One reason for this is that students' attitudes towards mathematics in general and their attitudes towards specific mathematical topics might differ considerably from each other. Besides, to hear a student say they like mathematics but dislike geometry or algebra is not uncommon. Thus, it is thought that it would be significant to have a scale that particularly measures learners' attitudes towards geometry. Purpose of the Study: Although, a number of studies have developed scales with the goal of measuring geometry attitudes of middle and secondary school students, there is no such instrument in the accessible literature in Turkey that serve the same purpose for undergraduate students. Therefore, the authors wanted to go further in this direction and attempted to fill this gap by adapting Utley Geometry Attitude Scale to Turkish. Methods: The participants of the study consisted of 863 undergraduate students (56 % female; 44 % male) from a public university in the inner part of Turkey. After the list wise deletion of the missing cases, the remaining sample (N = 750) was randomly divided into two subsamples to perform factor analysis. Data from the first subsample (n=371) were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to determine the factorial structure of the adapted scale. Later, the data from the second subsample (n=379) were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to confirm the model obtained from EFA. In addition, item analysis was performed to ensure that there were no problematic items in the adapted scale. Finally, reliability analysis was performed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficients both for the adapted scale and its factors. Findings and Results: After EFA, the translated version of UGAS consisted of a four-factor structure with 25 items. Subsequently, CFA corroborated this four- factor structure and the goodness of fit indices were found to be appropriate for the acceptance of the model. The item total correlations were all larger than .30 and the reliability coefficients for the overall instrument and its factors ranged between .81 and .94. Conclusions and Recommendations: The results showed that the translated version of UGAS might serve as a valuable instrument both for educators and researchers to measure undergraduate students' attitudes towards geometry.Öğe Turkish pre-service middle level mathematics teachers’ knowledge for teaching fractions(Routledge, 2019) Avcu, RamazanFractions are a crucial mathematical topic, which is known as being challenging for both students, pre- and in-service teachers. The current study attempted to explore the extent of pre-service middle level mathematics teachers’ knowledge for teaching fractions. Fifty-one senior pre-service teachers took part in the study. The Knowledge for Teaching Fractions Test, which includes almost all characteristics of fractions, was employed to measure participants’ knowledge for teaching fractions. The Pre-service Teachers’ Mathematics Knowledge for Teaching Framework was used to conceptualize participants’ responses to the tasks in the Knowledge for Teaching Fractions Test. The findings showed that participants’ mathematical knowledge for teaching fractions was not satisfactory. Meanwhile, while they had sound common content knowledge for teaching fractions, their specialized content knowledge for teaching this topic was very poor. The implications for teaching fractions are discussed in the context of pre-service middle level teacher preparation.
