Beyond access: rethinking assistive technology for ındividuals with visual ımpairments in Türkiye

Purpose: This qualitative study explores systemic barriers to assistive technology (AT) access among individuals with visual impairments (VI) in Türkiye. It aims to identify commonly used AT tools, acquisition methods, training pathways, unmet technological needs, access barriers, and participant recommendations for inclusive policymaking. Materials and methods: Eighty-three individuals with VI across Türkiye responded to open-ended survey questions. Participants varied in age, education, and employment. A qualitative descriptive approach guided the thematic analysis, organized around six focal areas: AT usage, acquisition, learning methods, inaccessible technologies, barriers, and policy suggestions. Results: Participants reported widespread use of mainstream digital tools (e.g., smartphones, computers), primarily acquired independently and often without public financial support. Training was informal, relying on self-teaching or peer assistance. Desired technologies-such as Braille displays and accessible navigation aids-were often inaccessible due to cost, availability, or lack of localization. Key barriers included high prices, insufficient training resources, weak enforcement of disability rights, and persistent social stigma. Respondents recommended increased public funding, integration of AT training in education, improved legal enforcement, and expanded public awareness. Conclusion: Despite demonstrating adaptability, individuals with VI in Türkiye face significant structural barriers to equitable AT access. Informal learning limited public support, and a lack of locally adapted tools contribute to digital exclusion. A rights-based approach-emphasizing inclusive funding, institutionalized training, localized AT development, and policy accountability-is essential to creating an inclusive technological and social environment.