Retrospective analysis of potential sex differences in naturally emerging psychiatric comorbidities over time in Turkish children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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dc.authorid0000-0003-1177-7256
dc.authorid0009-0009-3977-6571
dc.authorid0000-0002-9303-5944
dc.authorid0000-0002-2381-5742
dc.authorid0000-0002-7051-5662
dc.authorid0000-0003-3189-2112
dc.authorid0000-0003-4206-3766
dc.authorid0000-0002-4566-2564
dc.contributor.authorUygun, Sabide Duygu
dc.contributor.authorToprak Kosku, Zeynep
dc.contributor.authorTemeltürk, Rahime Duygu
dc.contributor.authorCıkılı Uytun, Merve
dc.contributor.authorYürümez, Esra
dc.contributor.authorÖztop, Didem Behice
dc.contributor.authorMenteşe Babayiğit, Tuğba
dc.contributor.authorEfendi, Gökçe Yağmur
dc.contributor.authorKılıç, Birim Günay
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-23T05:21:44Z
dc.date.available2025-09-23T05:21:44Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentTıp Fakültesi
dc.description.abstractAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) comorbidity patterns vary by sex and age, necessitating understanding for effective diagnosis and intervention. The aim was to assess the prevalence, timing, and distribution of comorbid psychiatric disorders in a Turkish sample, focusing on potential sex differences. Methods A retrospective study included 322 children with ADHD (aged 6 to 18 years). Data, including Conners' Parent/Teacher Rating Scales (CP/TRS), were collected from university-based clinical records. Results Females with ADHD had a higher rate of psychiatric comorbidity compared to males (83.5% vs. 62.7%, p < .001). Neurodevelopmental disorders were more prevalent in females (p < .001). All CTRS indexes (ADHD, restless/impulsive, emotional lability, and total), as well as oppositional and hyperactive/impulsive subscale scores, showed mild negative correlations with the timing of the first comorbidity other than neurodevelopmental disorders. Logistic regression identified age and specific learning disorders (SLD) as predictors of comorbidity onset (p = .004 and p = .001, respectively). Atomoxetine was preferred more often as a first-line treatment in females, while psychostimulants were used at higher doses in males (p = .035 and p = .050, respectively). Conclusions More attention is needed for females with ADHD. Oppositionality, impulsivity, emotional lability, ADHD severity, age, and SLD appear to be important for the onset of internalizing and externalizing comorbidities.
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s43045-025-00543-9
dc.identifier.issn2090-5416
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.uri10.1186/s43045-025-00543-9
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12451/14512
dc.identifier.volume32
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001513603100001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.institutionauthorMenteşe Babayiğit , Tuğba
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0002-5486-7377
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.relation.ispartofMiddle East Current Psychiatry
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
dc.subjectComorbidity
dc.subjectSex Characteristics
dc.subjectChild And Adolescent Psychiatry
dc.subjectNeurodevelopment Condition
dc.titleRetrospective analysis of potential sex differences in naturally emerging psychiatric comorbidities over time in Turkish children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
dc.typeArticle

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