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The effects of hormone therapy on clinical symptoms
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024) Sezgin, Aydan
Menopause is difficult because of the clinical symptoms associated with hormonal changes. Every woman experiences these clinical symptoms to a greater or lesser extent. Hormone therapy has a particularly positive effect on vasomotor symptoms and genitourinary symptoms, but also on other symptoms. Hormone therapy consists mainly of estrogen preparations, and in women with a uterus, estrogen +progesterone preparations. There are various routes of administration of these preparations (oral, vaginal, and transdermal). However, since hormone therapy can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, thromboembolic events, and breast cancer, the patient group to receive hormone therapy should be carefully selected.
Oxysterol metabolism balance as a candidate biomarker in autism spectrum disorder
(Kayseri Faculty of Medicine, 2024) Menteşe Babayiğit, Tuğba; Çıkılı Uytun, Merve; Doğan, Özlem; Akay, Güvem Gümüş; Serdar, Muhittin A.; Efendi, Gökçe Yağmur; Yürümez, Esra; Öztop, Didem Behice
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cholesterol metabolism disorders in the etiopathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the analysis of central and peripheral oxysterol levels (24-hydroxycholesterol,25-hydroxycholesterol,27-hydroxycholesterol). These compounds, found in the cholesterol excretion pathways, are considered potential biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring various neuropsychiatric disorders. Materials and Methods: This study included 42 children diagnosed with ASD, aged between 1 and 6 years, who had no additional psychiatric or medical illnesses other than cognitive delay/intellectual disability and were not on medication, along with 38 age -matched typically developing children. After comprehensive mental health assessments, the symptom severity in children with ASD was evaluated using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Autism Behavior Checklist, and Repetitive Behavior Scale -Revised Form. After the clinical evaluation, peripheral blood samples were obtained from all children. Oxysterol levels were assessed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Results: In the ASD group, levels of 24-hydroxycholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol were significantly higher compared to the control group, while 27-R-hydroxycholesterol levels were lower. The ratio of 24-hydroxycholesterol (mu g/L) to 27-hydroxycholesterol (mu g/L) was notably higher in the autism group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that this ratio was statistically significant and could discriminate between ASD and non-ASD diagnoses with "acceptable discrimination potential." Conclusion: Our findings suggest that alterations in oxysterol levels, commonly associated with neurodegenerative processes, can also be observed in ASD and may serve as a potential candidate biomarker for the disorder.
Higher education student engagement with online learning: the role of perceived value and academic entitlement
(Emerald Publishing, 2024) Al Issa, Hussein-Elhakim; Omar, Mohammed Mispah Said; Çelebi, Ayşem
The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of perceived value and academic entitlement on the online engagement of university students. The mediating effect of technostress inhibitor and teacher behavior between perceived value, entitlement and student engagement was also examined. Design/methodology/approach: The study used a quantitative research methodology, with data collected through a survey of 304 undergraduate students from a public university in Bahrain. Findings: The findings showed that perceived value and academic entitlement were significant predictors of online student engagement. At the same time, only technostress inhibitor was found to mediate those associations. An unexpected result was entitlement's positive and significant impact on student engagement. Practical implications: University decision-makers are strongly advised to enhance perceived value and support mechanisms for engagement, address technology-related concerns and improve teacher capacity and students' online learning experience. Originality/value: The study makes a distinct contribution by investigating how perceived value, academic entitlement, technostress inhibitors and teacher behavior influence student engagement in the online higher education context.
Comparison of mismatch repair and immune checkpoint protein profile with histopathological parameters in pancreatic, periampullary/ampullary, and choledochal adenocarcinomas
(Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 2024) Aydın, Arzu Hazal; Turhan, Nesrin
Pancreatic, periampullary/ampullary, and choledochal adenocarcinomas are aggressive malignancies with a poor prognosis. Immune checkpoint blockade is a promising treatment option for several tumor types. H long terminal repeatassociating 2 (HHLA2), which is analogous to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is a recently discovered member of the B7/cluster of differentiation 28 family and is expressed in many malignancies. AIM To analyze the expression of HHLA2 and its association with the pathologic biomarkers that predict sensitivity to immunotherapy. METHODS Ninety-two adenocarcinoma cases located in the pancreas, ampulla, and distal common bile duct were identified. This study assessed 106 pancreaticoduodenectomy and distal/total pancreatectomy samples that were delivered to Ankara City Hospital between 2019 and 2021. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to examine the expression of DNA mismatch repair (MMR), PD-L1, and HHLA2 proteins. RESULTS Patients with high HHLA2 expression had a higher mean age than those with low expression. Low HHLA2 expression was associated with high perineural invasion. HHLA2 expression was low in pathological stage T3 (pT) 3 cases and high in pathological stage T1, T2, and T4 cases. There was no correlation between HHLA2 expression and the expression of MMR proteins and PD-L1. CONCLUSION Evaluation of HHLA2 expression in microsatellite stable and PD-L1-negative tumors may be useful for predicting the response of individuals to immunotherapy and may serve as a novel therapeutic target for immunotherapy in advanced-stage disease.
Inflammation as a Neurobiological Mechanism of Cognitive Impairment in Psychological Stress
(IMR Press Limited, 2024) Kocamer Şahin, Şengül; Aslan, Esra
The feeling of emotional tension, restlessness, pressure, and inability to relax is referred to as psychological stress. Although it is unclear how psychological stress affects neurobiological processes, several factors are thought to be involved, including central and peripheral neuroinflammation, structural degeneration in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, alterations in fear neurocircuitry, and neuroplasticity. Aside from data relating cognitive impairment to chronic low-grade inflammatory stress, there is growing evidence linking mental stress, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation to the development of psychological disorders. After chronic and acute illnesses, insomnia, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and cognitive impairment were reported. Cognitive impairment is exacerbated by systemic and central inflammatory processes. There is uncertainty about the potential mechanisms causing these symptoms, although they are likely complex, with systemic inflammation playing a significant role. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the role of inflammation in stress-induced cognitive impairment. Depicting the inflammatory mechanisms of cognitive impairment is critical for understanding and treating illnesses, such as chronic stress exposure and anxiety disorders.
Does broad autism phenotype traits effect mother-child interaction?: a cross-sectional study from Turkey
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Menteşe Babayiğit, Tuğba; Temeltürk, Rahime Duygu; Cikili Uytun, Merve; Efendi, Gökçe Yağmur; Yürümez, Esra; Öztop, Didem Behice
Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) is defined as personality, social, and language features that parallel the defining behavioral characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, including social deficits, communication abnormalities, and stereotyped repetitive behavior. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of maternal BAP characteristics on the dynamic interaction between mothers and their children. Methods: Children aged 12–60 months who were referred to the Infant Mental Health Unit of our outpatient clinic were analyzed. Forty-one children who were diagnosed with autism and 35 children who were diagnosed with global developmental delay (GDD) and their mothers were included in the study. The Parent–Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS), Autism-Spectrum Quotient (ASQ), Parental Acceptance–Rejection Questionnaire, and Recognition of Emotional Maltreatment Scale (REMS) were used. Results: The PIR-GAS score was significantly lower in the autism group than in the GDD group, and mothers of children with autistic children exhibited higher BAP scores. Conclusions: Our study suggests a link between maternal BAP scores and the quality of mother-child relationships. Further studies are needed to examine and improve our ability to evaluate the effects of parental BAP in terms of parental intervention effectiveness.
Investigation of Liver X Receptor Gene Variants and Oxysterol Dysregulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder †
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Menteşe Babayiğit, Tuğba; Gümüş Akay, Güvem; Uytun, Merve Çikili; Doğan, Özlem; Serdar, Muhittin A.; Efendi, Gökçe Yağmur; Erman, Ayşe Gökçe; Yürümez, Esra; Öztop, Didem Behice
The NR1H2 gene produces the Liver X Receptor Beta (LXRB) protein, which is crucial for brain cholesterol metabolism and neuronal development. However, its involvement in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains largely unexplored, aside from animal studies. This study is the first to explore the potential link between autism and rs2695121/rs17373080 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the regulatory regions of NR1H2, known for their association with neuropsychiatric functions. Additionally, we assessed levels of oxysterols (24-Hydroxycholesterol, 25-Hydroxycholesterol, 27-Hydroxycholesterol), crucial ligands of LXR, and lipid profiles. Our cohort comprised 107 children with ASD and 103 healthy children aged 2–18 years. Clinical assessment tools included the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Autistic Behavior Checklist, and Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised. Genotyping for SNPs was conducted using PCR-RFLP. Lipid profiles were analyzed with Beckman Coulter kits, while oxysterol levels were determined through liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Significantly higher total cholesterol (p = 0.003), LDL (p = 0.008), and triglyceride (p < 0.001) levels were observed in the ASD group. 27-Hydroxycholesterol levels were markedly lower in the ASD group (p ? 0.001). ROC analysis indicated the potential of 27-Hydroxycholesterol to discriminate ASD diagnosis. The SNP genotype and allele frequencies were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Our findings suggest that disturbances in oxysterol metabolism, previously linked to neurodegeneration, may constitute a risk factor for ASD and contribute to its heterogeneous phenotype.
Intravenous high-dose anakinra drops venous thrombosis and acute coronary syndrome in severe and critical COVID-19 patients: a propensity score matched study
(Nature Research, 2024) Çakmak, Ramazan; Yüce, Servet; Ay, Mustafa; Uyar, Muhammed Hamdi; Kılıç, Muhammed İkbal; Bektaş, Murat
In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of high-dose intravenous anakinra treatment on the development of thrombotic events in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. This retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary referral center in Aksaray, Turkey. The study population consisted of two groups as follows; the patients receiving high-dose intravenous anakinra (anakinra group) added to background therapy and the patients treated with standard of care (SoC) as a historical control group. Age, gender, mcHIS scores, and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary heart disease of the patients were determined as the variables to be matched. We included 114 patients in SoC and 139 patients in the Anakinra group in the study. Development of any thromboembolic event (5% vs 12.3%, p = 0.038; OR 4.3) and PTE (2.9% vs 9.6%, p = 0.023; OR 5.1) were lower in the Anakinra group than SoC. No patient experienced cerebrovascular accident and/or clinically evident deep venous thrombosis both in two arms. After 1:1 PS matching, 88 patients in SoC and 88 patients in the Anakinra group were matched and included in the analysis. In survival analysis, the development of any thromboembolic event, pulmonary thromboembolism, and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were higher in SoC compared to Anakinra. Survival rate was also lower in patients with SoC arm than Anakinra in patients who had any thromboembolic event as well as ACS. In our study, the development of thrombosis was associated with hyperinflammation in patients with severe and critical COVID-19. Intravenous high-dose anakinra treatment decreases both venous and arterial events in patients with severe and critical COVID-19.
Optimizing hyperparameters for enhanced performance in convolutional neural networks: A study using NASNetMobile and DenseNet201 Models
(Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi, 2024) Aksoy, İbrahim; Adem, Kemal
Convolutional neural networks, inspired by the workings of biological neural networks, have proven highly successful in tasks like image data recognition, classification, and feature extraction. Yet, designing and implementing these networks pose certain challenges. One such challenge involves optimizing hyperparameters tailored to the specific model, dataset, and hardware. This study delved into how various hyperparameters impact the classification performance of convolutional neural network models. The investigation focused on parameters like the number of epochs, neurons, batch size, activation functions, optimization algorithms, and learning rate. Using the Keras library, experiments were conducted using NASNetMobile and DenseNet201 models—highlighted for their superior performance on the dataset. After running 65 different training sessions, accuracy rates saw a notable increase of 6.5% for NASNetMobile and 11.55% for DenseNet201 compared to their initial values.
The Impact of CoronaVac Vaccination on 28-day Mortality Rate of Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 in Türkiye
(Galenos Publishing House, 2023) Gül, Fethi; Kasapoğlu, Umut Sabri; Sabaz, Mehmet Süleyman; Ay, Pınar; Oktay, Burçin Doruk; Çalışkan, Gülbahar; Demir, Nalan; Alparslan, Mustafa Muhlis
Vaccines against coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) have been effective in preventing symptomatic diseases, hospitalizations, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. However, data regarding the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in reducing mortality among critically ill patients with COVID-19 remains unclear. Aims: To determine the vaccination status and investigate the impact of the COVID-19 vaccine on the 28-day mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Study Design: Multicenter prospective observational clinical study. Methods: This study was conducted in 60 hospitals with ICUs managing critically ill patients with COVID-19. Patients aged ? 18 years with confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to the ICU were included. The present study had two phases. The first phase was designed as a one-day point prevalence study, and demographic and clinical findings were evaluated. In the second phase, the 28-day mortality was evaluated. Results: As of August 11, 2021, 921 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the patients was 65.42 ± 16.74 years, and 48.6% (n = 448) were female. Among the critically ill patients with COVID-19, 52.6% (n = 484) were unvaccinated, 7.7% (n = 71) were incompletely vaccinated, and 39.8% (n = 366) were fully vaccinated. A subgroup analysis of 817 patients who were unvaccinated (n = 484) or who had received two doses of the CoronaVac vaccine (n = 333) was performed. The 28-day mortality rate was 56.8% (n = 275) and 57.4% (n = 191) in the unvaccinated and two-dose CoronaVac groups, respectively. The 28-day mortality was associated with age, hypertension, the number of comorbidities, type of respiratory support, and APACHE II and sequential organ failure assessment scores (p < 0.05). The odds ratio for the 28-day mortality among those who had received two doses of CoronaVac was 0.591 (95% confidence interval: 0.413-0.848) (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Vaccination with at least two doses of CoronaVac within six months significantly decreased mortality in vaccinated patients than in unvaccinated patients.
Risk factors for peri-procedural stroke or death in internal carotid artery stenting: A neurology team experience
(ASEAN Neurological Association, 2023) Görgülü, Ümit; Dönmez, Recep; Arlı, Berna; Orhan, Gürdal
Suitable cases of extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis can be treated with carotid artery stenting (CAS) or carotid endarterectomy. However, major complications in the peri-procedural period, like stroke and death, are more common with CAS. We therefore investigated the risk factors for stroke and death during the peri-procedural period following CAS. Methods: In this study, the files of patients who were treated with CAS by a neurology team during 2020–2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patient age, gender, vascular risk factors, use of antiplatelet therapy, type of carotid artery stenosis (symptomatic or asymptomatic), measured stenosis degrees, contralateral carotid stenosis, types of aortic arch, balloon angioplasty, use of a filter-type embolism protection device, stent cell design (open or closed), and peri-procedural death, stroke, or myocardial infarction (MI) were recorded. All patients were followed up for the first 30 days after CAS. Results: The mean age of 219 patients included in our study was 67.8 ± 8.38 years and 68.5% were male. The most common comorbid diseases in the patients were hypertension (76.7%), hyperlipidemia (53.4%) and diabetes mellitus (DM) (43.4%). Stroke or death occurred in the peri-procedural period in 15 (6.85%) of the patients, but MI did not occur. No statistically significant difference was observed in terms of age or gender when comparing with the cases without stroke or death. Of the patients suffering stroke or death, ischemic stroke developed in 13 (86.67%), cerebral hemorrhage in two (13.33%) and two patients (13.33%) died. Two-thirds of the strokes were either minor (n=7, 46.67%) or moderate (n=4, 26.67%); 13 (86.67%) were ipsilateral, and 14 (93.33%) were in the anterior circulation. The complication risk was found to be significantly higher in patients with prior stroke (OR=3.865; 95% CI 1.282 to 11.652 p=.016), DM (OR=3.634; 95% CI 1.102 to 11.992 p=.034) and pre-dilation angioplasty (OR=13.100; 95% CI 1.762 to 97.422 p=.012). Conclusion: Prior stroke, DM and pre-dilation angioplasty increase peri-procedural stroke and death in CAS. However, even if a stroke complication develops after CAS, it is often not severe.
Free vitamin D and vitamin D binding protein in multiple sclerosis patients
(ASEAN Neurological Association, 2023) Dönmez, Recep; Yıldız, Özlem Kayım; Görgülü, Ümit
In multiple sclerosis (MS), where low vitamin D level is a risk factor, there is no previous study evaluating the level of free vitamin D by direct measurement, and there is little information about vitamin D binding protein (DBP). This study assessed free vitamin D and DBP in patients with MS. Methods: The study subjects consisted of 43 MS patients and 25 controls. Free vitamin D and DBP levels were measured through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) kit. Results: The patient group had a mean age of 36.58 ± 9.4 (19-60) and the control group had a mean age of 33.56 ± 9.65 (24-52) years (p=0.210). The patient had free vitamin D level of 21.51 ±9.72 pg/ml and the free vitamin D level of the control group was 26.02 ±9.29 pg/ml. Free vitamin D levels did not significantly differ across the groups (p=0.065). The patient group (34.78 ±18.24 ng/ml) had a significantly higher DBP level than the control group (15.36 ±10.64 ng/ml) (p<0.001). Conclusion: MS patients have higher DBP than healthy control, while the free vitamin D levels of the patients tend to be lower.
Silent Micro-Infarct in Carotid Artery Stenting: Who Has it and Why?
(Turkish Neurosurgical Society, 2023) Arlı, Berna; Orhan, Gürdal; Dönmez, Recep; Görgülü, Ümit
To compare the postprocedural cerebral diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings in cases of carotid stenosis (CS)-related carotid plaques in terms of plaque morphology, degree of stenosis, and the use of a distal protection filter. Moreover, we used DWI to assess the asymptomatic cerebral embolism rates during carotid artery stending (CAS) operations performed for noncalcified versus calcified carotid plaques. MATERIAL and METHODS: Our study included 99 patients admitted to the Ankara City Hospital Stroke Center in 2022. All of our patients have been evaluated and scheduled for CAS as a result of a decision made by the council. Cases of stenosis of?>50% in symptomatic patients and?>70% in asymptomatic patients were included. The patients were grouped according to their Doppler ultrasonography results. All of the patients underwent DWI within the first 24 hours after the procedure, and then two groups of patients were compared. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was found between the distributions of the presence of silent micro-infarcts on DWI in terms of plaque characteristics (p<0.001). In the patients with normal DWI findings, the percentage of calcified plaques was 38.7%, while the percentages of hypoechoic plaques, plaques with low echogenicity, and ulcerated plaques were 91.3%, 85.7%, and 78.8%, respectively. The rates of calcified plaques and ulcerated plaques differed in the group of patients with silent microinfarcts. The rate of silent micro-infarcts was 61.3% in the patients with calcified plaques, 8.7% in those with hypoechoic plaques, 14.3% in those with low-echogenicity plaques, and 21.2% in those with ulcerated plaques. CONCLUSION: The study found that carotid stents implanted in calcified and ulcerated plaques had a higher correlation with the presence of periprocedural asymptomatic ipsilateral DWI findings than those implanted in hypoechoic plaques and low-echogenicity plaques.
The Relationship Between Monosymptomatic Enuresis and Circumcision: Is it Beneficial or Traumatic? A Randomized Study
(Southern Clinics of Istanbul Eurasia, 2023) Coşkun, Alperen; Erdem, Kutluhan
This study aims to examine the effect of circumcision on monosymptomatic enuresis and to evaluate by considering whether it is beneficial or traumatic. Methods: A total of 130 boys aged 5–9 years who applied for circumcision for cultural and religious reasons were prospectively analyzed and after exclusion criteria, 107 boys were circumcised under anesthesia. The cases were divided into enuresis negative and enuresis positive. The presence of enuresis was evaluated preoperatively and at the 3 rd, 6 th, and 9 th months postoperatively. Results: The mean age of all cases was 6.7 years and there was no significant age difference between the groups. A statistically significant difference was found between the enuresis statuses of the enuresis-positive group after circumcision (p=0.001). The mean number of bedwetting before circumcision was 2.89 per week and 1.93 at the 9th month after circumci- sion. There was no statistically significant result that increased the frequency of enuresis in the enuresis-negative group in the post-circumcision period. Conclusion: Circumcision is not a predisposing factor for enuresis. Furthermore, this sur- gery is likely to positively affect monosymptomatic enuresis and a reduction in bedwetting frequency.
Strongyloides stercoralis: a rare case diagnosed with esophageal swab sample
(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Kütüphane ve Dokümantasyon Dairesi Başkanlığı, 2023) Aydın, Arzu Hazal; Bayazıt Gözüküçük, Buse; Turhan, Nesrin
trongyloides stercoralis is an opportunistic parasite that may cause severe and fatal disease in immunocompromised hosts. A 70-year-old man with a nonspecific history except pneumoconiosis had diffuse ulcers on the esophagus. Hence, only a swab sample could be performed. On microscopic examination of the swab sample, larvae and soils were observed in necrotic and inflammatory background. It was evaluated as compatible with S. stercoralis. At repeated endoscopic examination multiple biopsies were taken from the stomach. Larvae and soils were detected in crypt lumens with chronic inflammation in gastric mucosa. We presented this case with gastric involvement as a rare presentation that has not been reported in the literature before and was diagnosed by esophageal swab sample. Although infection is usually asymptomatic in the chronic phase, it carries a high mortality risk in immunocompromised hosts. So, it is important to scan the risk group. Swab sampling is an easy method for cytological examination.
Serum pentraxin 3 levels in cats with feline parvovirus infection
(2023) Eroğlu, Mehmet; Eroğan, Hidayet Metin
Feline parvovirus (FPV) infection continues to be a serious problem in cats and therefore studies are ongoing to investigate all aspects of the disease. This study was designed to determine the levels of PTX-3 in cats with feline panleukopenia (FPL). Blood samples were taken from 12 cats of different breeds and gender with complaints of weakness, listlessness, anorexia, diarrhoea, vomiting and FPV positive on examination and from 7 cats found healthy on physical and laboratory examination. Whole blood, biochemical parameters, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSi), serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) and pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) concentrations were determined in both sick and healthy cats. The results showed that there was marked panleukopenia and serum PTX-3 (58.69 pg/mL), SAA (59.91 µg/mL), TOS (14.35 ?mol H2O2 Eq/L) and OSi (1.17 arbitrary unit) levels were significantly higher in cats diagnosed with FPL compared to healthy subjects. In conclusion, serum PTX- levels were measured for the first time in cats naturally infected with FPV and found to be elevated. Further clinical studies with large numbers of infected cats are needed to clarify these findings and to use PTX-3 as a reliable biomarker in FPV-infected cats.
Mucoepıdermoid carcinoma of the liver: a rare, diagnostically challenging case
(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, 2023) Aydın, Arzu Hazal; Yamak, Seda; Gürsoy, Göktürk; Erdoğdu, İkbal Ovalı; Özoğul, Yusuf Bayram
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the salivary gland. It rarely occurs in other organs. Less than 20 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of liver have been reported in the literature. A 70-year-old woman with a liver mass is reported in this case report. After liver segmentectomy operation, the specimen was examined microscopically, a tumor consisting of epidermoid, mucinous, and intermediate cells was observed. It was interpreted as mucoepidermoid carcinoma. As no other focus was detected from comprehensive scanning of the patient, it was diagnosed as primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of liver. Due to mimicking other tumors such as adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma; cautious examination and differential diagnosis are important.
Giant cell arteritis presenting with isolated cotton wool spots: a case report
(Ali Cangül, 2023) Akbulut, Betül; Yaman, Aylin; Lebe, Banu; Söylev Bajin, Meltem; Saatci, Ali Osman
This case aims to report a patient who presented with reduced vision in her left eye and was diagnosed with giant cell ar- teritis (GCA) associated with isolated cotton wool spots (CWS). An 82-year-old woman presented with reduced visual acuity of 20/200 in her left eye for a day. Fundus examination revealed only multiple peripapillary CWS in the left eye. She had an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). A preliminary diagnosis of temporal arteritis, intravenous high-dose steroid therapy, was administered for 3 days. Then, the systemic symptoms resolved, and her ESR and CRP dropped. Temporal artery biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of GCA. The next 2 months, in the fundus examination, CWS resolved completely. The patient continued using systemic steroids and subcutaneous methotrexate with long-term gradual reduction. This extreme case should raise awareness for clinicians in the etiological investigation of CWS to identify sight-threatening GCA and promptly initiate appropriate treatment.
Gebe kadınların gebelik algıları ve sağlık gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi; metodolojik ve tanımlayıcı bir çalışma
(Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2023) Anaç, Gizem; Gözüyeşil, Ebru
Bu çalışmada öncelikle maternal sağlık gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesine yönelik ölçme aracının Türk toplumuna uyarlanması, sonrasında gebe kadınların gebelik algıları ve sağlık gereksinimlerinin ve bunları etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma metodolojik ve tanımlayıcı tipte yürütülmüştür. İlk aşamada “Maternal Health Needs Scale’’in geçerlik ve güvenirliği gerçekleştirmiş, ikinci aşama 372 gebe ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Maternal Sağlık Gereksinimleri Ölçeği (MSGÖ) ve Gebelerin Kendini Algılama Ölçeği (GKAÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: MSGÖ geçerli ve güvenilir bulunmuştur. MSGÖ, GKAÖ-Annelik Algısı ve GKAÖ-Beden Algısı toplam puan ortalamaları sırasıyla 94,48±7,59, 24,06±2,78, 11,77±2,56 bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Araştırmada, Türkiye için uyarlanan MSGÖ geçerli ve güvenilir bulunmuştur. Gebelerin maternal sağlık gereksinimlerinin yüksek, annelik algılarının olumlu, beden algılarının ise hafif düzeyde olumsuz olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Covid19 yayılımını azaltmak için yüz maskesinin evrişimsel sinir ağı modelleri ile tespiti
(Iğdır Üniversitesi, 2023) Daşgın, Aslıhan; Adem, Kemal; Kılıçarslan, Serhat
Son yıllarda hayatımızın gerçeği olan ve tüm dünya için pandemi haline gelen Covid-19’un gerekli tedbirlere sıkı şekilde uyulmadığı takdirde bulaşma oranı artmakta hatta varyantları bile ortaya çıkmaya başlamaktadır. DSÖ tarafından yayınlanan ve alınması gerekli olan tedbirler alındıkça hastalıkla mücadele daha kolay hale gelebilmektedir. Tedbirlere uymanın zorluğu olsa da uymaya özen gösterildiği taktirde, hastalık ya daha hafif atlatılmakta ya da hastalığa kolayca yakalanılmamaktadır. Bu tedbirlerin en önemlilerinden birisi de kalabalık alanlarda maske kullanımına özen gösterilmesidir. Maske kullanımının önemi araştırmalarla desteklenmesinden sonra, bazı alışveriş merkezi, sağlık kuruluşları, okullar gibi kalabalık mekanlarda maske kullanımına yönelik denetimler başlamıştır. Ancak bu denetimleri bir insanın gerçekleştirmesi zor olduğundan günümüzde sıklıkla kullanılan derin öğrenme yöntemleriyle maske tespiti çalışmaları yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu tez çalışmasında, transfer öğrenme tabanlı modeller kullanılarak maske tespiti gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Kaggle web sitesinde bulunan veri seti ile toplamda 906 görüntü ile DenseNet121, EfficientNetV2M, NasNetMobile, InceptionV3, VGG19 ve InceptionResNetV2 derin öğrenme modelleri kullanılmıştır. Deneysel değerlendirmeler sonucunda, en iyi başarı oranı olarak NasNetMobile modeliyle, %99.35 doğruluk, %99 kesinlik, %99 geri çağırma ve %99 f1 skorları elde edildiği görülmüştür.

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