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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12451/840

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Comparison of hemodynamic response for intubation and propofol pain caused by lidocaine administration with infusion and tourniquet
(Medicine Science, 2016) Deniz, Mohammed; Alparslan, Mustafa Muhlis; Ak, Koray; Altan, Hatice Aysel
Propofol is one of the most widely used i.v. anesthetic agent. Nevertheless, pain following i.v. administration of propofol is an important problem in anesthesia induction. A wide range of studies have been performed related to lidocaine effects on propofol injection pain and hemodynamic response to intubation. However, effect of both situations are seldomly studied in the literature. In our study we compare lidocaine effects on propofol injection pain and hemodynamic response to intubation which is given by infusion or under tourniquet as i.v. bolus. 70 patients attended to the study are separated randomly into two groups of 35 patients. Prior to induction, lidocaine has been infused with infusion pump as to be completed in 2 minutes with concentration of 2%, total dosed 1mg/kg in infusion group (Group I, n=35). In this group, after half of the total lidocaine dose is infused (1st minute), anesthesia induction has been started by giving 40 mg propofol of 1% in 10 seconds with infusion pump. In tourniquet group (Group T, n=35) prior to induction 1mg/kg lidocaine has been given as bolus by applying tourniquet with 70 mm/Hg pressure to the arm that is established vascular access and tourniquet has been remained for 60 seconds. After opening the tourniquet, induction has been started by giving 40 mg propofol of 1% in 10 seconds with infusion pump. During induction, patient‟s consciousness was evaluated by questioning his/her name and age after administering 1/4 (VRS0), 1/2 (VRS1), and 3/4 (VRS2) of total propofol dose. Confused patients were eliminated and the sense of pain caused by propofol was evaluated in study patients. The results were recorded according to four-point categorical verbal rating scale (VRS). For groups, the pulse rates and mean arterial pressures before lidocaine administration (T0), after lidocaine (T1), immediately after intubation (T2) and 10th minute after intubation (T3) were recorded. No differences detected among the groups with regards to demographic data and side effects. (p>0.05). No significant differences statically detected when comparing the heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pain scores of groups for all times (p>0.05).
What is the Diagnostic Value of Computed Tomography in Pre-school Children with Minor Head Injuries
(Galenos Yayınevi, 2023) Üçler, Necati; Özen, Ersin; Fesli, Ramazan; Taşkıran, Niyazi
In this study, we evaluated whether computed tomography (CT) examination would be required or not, based on complaints and findings after minor head trauma in pre-school children. Methods: In our retrospective study, the history of pre-school patients with minor head trauma, physical examination findings, Glasgow coma scale, cranial radiography, CT findings, and injury were evaluated retrospectively. The duration of unconsciousness and amnesia, presence of post-traumatic seizure, history of vomiting, and presence of scalp injury/hematoma were examined in the patient’s records. Clinical and radiological information was obtained retrospectively, and patients were re-evaluated one year later by phone. The fractures, edema, contusion, pneumocephalus, epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, intraparenchymal hematoma, and intraventricular hemorrhage were evaluated on CT examination. Results: Between May 2014 and May 2018, 884 patients under 7 years of age with minor head injuries were evaluated in the emergency department. Among these, anterior-posterior and lateral cranial radiography and CT were performed in 262 patients. None of the patients had neurological deficits. Scalp laceration/ hematoma was detected in 36 (16%) patients. Fifty-two (24%) patients vomited once, whereas 12 (5%) and 5 (2%) vomited twice and thrice, respectively. A loss of consciousness (LOC) duration of <5 min was observed in 25 (11%) patients. None of the patients had a history of LOC duration of more than 5 min. However, all three patients with skull fracture had a history of LOC. Conclusion: We believe that clinical examination and other imaging methods may reduce the need for CT evaluation in pre-school childhood patients with minor head trauma.
Are the correlation results of HPV positive cases with cervical smear always consistent
(MediHealth Academy Yayıncılık, 2023) Zergeroğlu, Sema; Özkan, Zehra Sema; Aydın, Arzu Hazal
Cervical cancer is a type of genital cancer which come second after breast cancer in women and may cause death. However, it can be prevented with screening tests by ensuring early diagnosis. Most of cervical cancers (99.7%) are associated with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and it is known that HPV must be present for the generation of cervical cancer. Thus, 70% of the patients have been found to be positive for HPV-16 and HPV-18. Both the association with cervical cancer and HPV and data related to development of cancer and dysplasia was researched retrospectively in this study. It was aimed to analyze and use the results by examine if the smear results of the patients and the HPV results are compatible in all HPV positive cases. Material and Method: 1050 patients who were examined by gynecologist and taken Pap smear test at the end of the examination during July 2020 and March 2022, were included in our study. In all cases the Pap test was re-evaluated by the same pathologist using the 2014 Bethesda System. High-risk HPV (HR HPV) DNA (HPV types 16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59,66,68) tests results, applied to the patients at an external center, were reviewed. Results of patients diagnosed as LSIL, HSIL and cervical cancer by Pap smear test were evaluated again beside HPV DNA analyses and their clinical information. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.
Kitlesel Çevrimiçi Ders Platformlarında Yapılan Yorumların Metin Madenciliği Kullanılarak Duygu Analizinin Yapılması
(Kirikkale University, 2023) Daşgın, Ramazan; Adem, Kemal
Çağımızda kolay ulaşılabilen, az maliyetli, zaman mekan kısıtı olmayan şeyler daha çok ilgi görmektedir. Son zamanlarda insanların sahip olduğu olanaklar ve teknolojinin gelişimi de düşünüldüğünde insanların ilgisinde yaşanan bu değişiklik eğitime de yansımıştır. İnsanlar artık istedikleri zaman, istedikleri yerden, kendi seçebilecekleri içeriklere ulaşmak istemektedirler. Bu istekler sonunda Kitlesel Açık Çevrimiçi Ders (KAÇD) platformları ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Bu platformlar üzerinde ücretli veya ücretsiz birçok konuda kurslar yer almaktadır. Birçok kişi bu kurslara kayıt olmadan önce, kurslara yapılan yorumlara ve kursa verilen puana göre değerlendirme yapılarak kayıt olmaktadırlar. Ancak tüm yorumları okuyarak bir kurs hakkında karar vermek kolay olmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada kullanıcıların yorumları okumasına gerek kalmadan kursları olumlu olumsuz olarak değerlendirmesi amacıyla KAÇD platformlarından birisi olan Udemy sitesinde bulunan kurslara yapılan yorumlar kullanılmıştır. Bu yorumlar üzerinden klasik makine öğrenmesi ve derin öğrenme kullanarak kurslar hakkında olumlu olumsuz değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır. Klasik makine öğrenmelerinden BayesNet, J48 ve OneR algoritmaları ile en başarılı sonuç %91.576 doğruluk ile BayesNet algoritmasından elde edilmiştir. Veri setine Random, GloVe ve Word2Vec kelime gömmeleri uygulandıktan sonra, derin öğrenme modellerinden GRU ve CNN-LSTM hibrit mimarileri uygulanmış ve en başarılı sonuç GloVe Kelime gömmesi kullanıldıktan sonra %95.67 doğruluk oranıyla GRU mimarisinden elde edilmiştir.
1918'de Osmanlı'nın Azerbaycan'a askeri yardımı: stratejik hedefler ve bölgesel etkiler
(Bekir Kocadaş, 2024) İme, Gamze
Azerbaycan, 28 Mayıs 1918'de bağımsızlığını ilan ettikten sonra, Fethali Han Hoyski başkanlığında ilk milli hükümetini kurmuştur. Ülkenin ekonomik durumunu düzeltmek ve mali yapısını iyileştirmek için Osmanlı Devleti'nden destek arayışına girmiştir. Azerbaycan, mali destek ve borç para talep etmiştir. İstanbul’a gönderilen heyetler aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler sonucunda, iki antlaşma yapılmıştır; ilki ticari mal alımına dair dokuz maddeden oluşurken, ikincisi 500 bin lira borç ile ilgilidir. Osmanlı’nın ekonomik desteği, Azerbaycan’da istikrarın sağlanmasına yardımcı olmuş, Türk ordusu da asayişin sağlanmasında kritik bir rol üstlenmiştir. Bu süreçte yerel halkın güvenliği, gıda arzının iyileştirilmesi ve yüksek fiyatların önlenmesi gibi konularda önemli adımlar atılmıştır. Azerbaycan, Osmanlı tecrübesinden faydalanarak kurumsal yapısını yeniden düzenlemiş ve eğitim alanında Osmanlı'dan öğretmen talep etmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti, ayrıca Azerbaycan’ın ulaşım, haberleşme ve güvenlik gibi alanlarda gelişmesine destek sağlamıştır; askeri demiryollarının modernizasyonu ve posta hizmetlerinin kurulması gibi konular bu yardımlarla ilerlemiştir. Bu yardımlar, Azerbaycan’ın uluslararası alanda tanınması ve gelişimi için kritik bir önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Azerbaycan’ın 28 Mayıs 1918’de bağımsızlığını ilan etmesinin ardından Osmanlı Devleti’nden aldığı mali ve teknik yardımlar, Türk ordusunun sağladığı güvenlik katkıları, eğitim alanındaki destekler ve altyapı geliştirmeleri ele alınarak, bu süreçlerin Azerbaycan’ın ekonomik istikrarı ve uluslararası tanınması üzerindeki etkileri incelenecektir.
Diagnostic accuracy of fat pad sign, X-ray, and computed tomography in elbow trauma: implications for treatment choices-a retrospective study
(PeerJ, 2025) Afacan, Mustafa Ahmet; Kılıç, Koray Kaya; Temiz, Aytun; Tayfur, Ismail; Doğanay, Fatih
Introduction. Identifying skeletal injuries significantly impacts patient outcomes in trauma cases. This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of X-ray (XR) and computed tomography (CT) in detecting elbow fractures among patients presenting at the emergency department (ED). Additionally, the study assesses the potential contribution of the fat pad sign to enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of XR images in identifying elbow fractures. The secondary aim focused on evaluating the precision of XR imaging in determining the necessity for surgical intervention among patients presenting with elbow trauma. Methods. Conducted retrospectively at an ED within a secondary hospital, this study included patients with elbow trauma between January 1, 2017, and January 1, 2020, who underwent both XR and CT imaging of the elbow joint. Following the application of exclusion criteria, the analysis comprised 183 patients based on remaining image data. Results. When comparing XR to CT for fracture detection, XR exhibited a sensitivity of 46.9%, specificity of 85.9%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 79.3%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 58.4%, area under the curve (AUC) of 0.664. Considering the fat pad sign in XR as a fracture indicator, the sensitivity is 60.2%, specificity is 81.2%, PPV is 78.7%, NPV is 63.9% and AUC is 0.707. A significant difference was found when comparing the AUCs obtained with and without considering the fat pad sign (p = 0.039). Regarding surgical treatment decision-making, XR showed a sensitivity of 50%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 95%, NPV of 100%, and an AUC of 0.750 when compared to CT. Conclusion. The findings indicate that XR alone is insufficient for detecting elbow fractures and determining the need for surgical treatment. Incorporating the fat pad sign improves the diagnostic accuracy of XR. In cases where suspicion of fracture is high, considering CT imaging is crucial to avoid missed diagnoses, prevent complications, and guide treatment decisions effectively.
Psychometric validation and measurement invariance of the self-compassion scaleshort form (SCS-SF) across gender, clinical population, and cultures
(Springer Nature, 2025) Büyüköksüz, Engin; Tekin, Işıl; Arıkan, Serkan; İlkay, Şengül; Erözkan, Atılgan
Background The concept of self-compassion, rooted in Eastern philosophies, is closely related to psychological wellbeing and is considered a key skill in alleviating psychological disorders. The short form (SCS-SF) of Self-Compassion Scale was developed and used by many scholars. The current study aimed to conduct an adaptation study of the SCS-SF in Turkish and to analyze its psychometric properties in clinical and non-clinical samples. Methods In the adaptation process, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the general population (n=545) and clinical population (n=246) was conducted. We also investigated evidence for convergent validity (n=274) and conducted a test-retest reliability study with a sample of 53 participants. Additionally, we evaluated the measurement invariance of the SCS-SF across different gender groups, clinical versus non-clinical samples, and cross-cultural samples (comparing Türkiye and the USA, with a sample size of 125 in the USA). Results Confirmatory factor analysis showed a six-factor model for the non-clinical sample, yielding fit indices of TLI=0.920, CFI=0.953, and RMSEA=0.095. Also, the six-factor model exhibited a good fit for the clinical sample, with TLI=0.968, CFI=0.981, and RMSEA=0.045. Reliability analysis indicated Cronbach’s alpha values were between 0.77 and 0.88, alongside a strong test-retest reliability coefficient of r=0.878 (p<0.001). Furthermore, measurement invariance was confirmed across clinical and non-clinical groups, as well as across gender groups and among Turkish and American cultural contexts, thereby affirming the scale’s applicability across varied populations. Conclusion The adapted SCS-SF scores demonstrated good reliability. The CFA showed a six-dimensional structure and there was evidence for convergent validity and measurement invariance across gender groups as well as between samples from the USA and Türkiye. Consequently, the current study indicates that the adaptation was successful, and the Turkish version can be used for both clinical and non-clinical samples. However, limitations include the reliance on self-report measures and potential cultural bias in the interpretation of self-compassion constructs.
Redox balance in dairy cattle and their calves at birth and its relationship to colostral passive immunity
(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 2025) Gökçe, E.; Cihan, P.; Kuru, M.; Atakişi Onur; Erkılıç, Ekin Emre; Makav, M.; Erdoğan, H.M.
Newborn calves are exposed to oxidative stress (OS) just after birth, and yet the role of colostrum in OS is not well detailed. The redox indicators, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI)] along with immunoglobulin-G (IgG) concentrations were assessed in 21 healthy Swiss Brown mother-calf pairs. Furthermore, alterations in theseparameters and IgG concentrations were analysed in an additional 23 healthy calves during the first 45 days of life (day 0 = at birth, 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 45). TAS and TOS concentrations were determined calorimetrically and IgG level by commercial ELISA kit. A negative correlation was determined between colostral IgG and serum maternal TOS (r:-0.49, P<0.05) and colostral TAS (r:-0.54, P <0.05). Calves exhibited elevated levels of TOS (8.29±0.30), TAS (0.71 ± 0.02) and OSi (1.20 ± 0.08) at birth. However these levels decreased after the 24th hour (6.72 ±0.2, 0.65 ±0.03, and 1.05 ±0.05, respectively) and remained stable throught the study. In conclusion, our results suggest that newborn calves experience OS after birth and colostral antioxidants may highlights its potential role in mitigating OS in these calves. The results may be of help in improving antioxidant capacity, either by treating dams during pregnancy or by treating colostrum with substances with antioxidant properties.
Optimal graft choices for tibial plateau fractures with joint depression
(Turkish Joint Diseases Foundation, 2025) Öktem, Umut; Uysal, Özgur Selim; Dastan, Muhammed Cihan; Bulut, Mustafa; Bozkurt, İbrahim; Bingöl, İzzet; Öçgüder, Durmuş Ali
This study aims to provide insight into the advantages and disadvantages of autograft and synthetic graft use in the surgical treatment of tibial plateau fractures with joint depression by comparing the clinical and radiological outcomes of both graft types. Patients and methods: Between February 2019 and September 2022, a total of 51 patients (23 males, 28 females; mean age: 45.3±13.5 years; range, 20 to 69 years) who underwent surgical treatment for Schatzker type 2 and type 3 tibial plateau fractures in our clinic were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups; 30 patients received autografts and 21 received tricalcium phosphate synthetic grafts. Demographic data, graft type, fracture classification, preoperative joint depression, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status were recorded. Postoperative evaluations included Lysholm and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores at two years.
Effects of coadministration of foot and mouth disease vaccine and inactivated parapoxvirus ovis on humoral immunity in cattle
(Polska Akademia Nauk, 2025) Canbar, R.; Uslu, M.
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is an acute viral disease in animals. Inactive parapoxvirus ovis (IPPVO) strengthens humoral immunity. This study aimed to determine the effect of IPPVO application together with FMD vaccine on cattle immunity. It included 30 Holstein cattle randomly divided into two groups: one was administered only the FMD vaccine, and the other was administered the FMD vaccine and IPPVO simultaneously. Control blood was collected from all animals at 0 hours. Serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were measured in blood samples collected at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 hours post-vaccination, while serum IgG and IgM levels were measured in blood samples collected at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 days post-vaccination using ELISA kits. While no changes in serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were detected in the FMD group, IL-1β levels significantly increased (peaking at four hours) in the FMD + IPPVO group. In the FMD group, while IgG levels increased significantly (peaking at 16 days), IgM levels did not change. In the FMD + IPPVO group, IgG level on day 8 days was higher than the 16 days value. Also, the IgM level increased significantly on day 16. In conclusion, the application of FMD with IPPVO increases the primary immune response (IgM), but it does not effect the long-term immune response (IgM).
Evaluation of the necessity of simultaneous cholecystectomy in patients undergoing liver hydatid cyst surgery
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Martlı, Hüseyin Fahri; Aydın, Arzu Hazal; Şahingöz, Eda; Duru, Derviş; Er, Sadettin; Turhan, Nesrin; Tez, Mesut
Liver hydatid cysts remain a significant public health issue in Turkey, the Middle East, East Asia, and Russia. Surgical treatments are often employed for certain stages of this disease. However, the necessity of simultaneous cholecystectomy during these procedures remains unclear. Treating symptoms related to subsequent cholelithiasis can become more challenging. This study investigates the necessity of simultaneous cholecystectomy by following patients who underwent hydatid cyst surgery with or without concurrent cholecystectomy. Materials and methods: Patients who underwent surgery for hydatid cysts between 2019 and 2024 at the General Surgery Clinic of Ankara Bilkent City Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 97 patients were included, with 56 (54.32 %) undergoing cholecystectomy along with hydatid cyst surgery (Group 1) and 41 (45.68 %) not undergoing cholecystectomy (Group 2). Preoperative clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings, as well as intraoperative data, morbidity, mortality, and postoperative symptoms, were analyzed. Results: Patients in Group 1 had longer hospital stays, higher blood loss, and significantly higher Clavien-Dindo complication scores. In the postoperative follow-up of Group 2, 8 patients (19.51 %) developed stones or sludge, and 1 patient (2.4 %) developed polyps. Four patients (9.75 %) presented to the emergency department with cholecystitis symptoms. A total of 5 patients (12.19 %), including 4 with symptomatic cholelithiasis (9.7 %) and 1 with gallbladder polyps (2.4 %), underwent elective cholecystectomy. Two (40 %) of these cholecystectomies were performed laparoscopically, while three (60 %) were converted to open cholecystectomy. Conclusion: Simultaneous cholecystectomy during liver hydatid cyst surgery may prevent difficulties associated with treating symptoms related to subsequent cholelithiasis.
Effects of Dietary Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) Oil on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Muscle Nutrient Content of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Tok, Serkan; Öz, Mustafa; Dikel, Suat
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Pimpinella anisum (anise) oil supplementation on growth performance, haematological and biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities and tissue histopathology in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The goal was to determine the optimal inclusion level that promotes health benefits without inducing toxicity. Methodology: A total of 240 juvenile Nile tilapia were randomly distributed into four groups: control (0.00%) and three treatments receiving anise oil at 0.10%, 0.20% and 0.30% for 8 weeks. Growth performance (weight gain, feed conversion ratio), haematological (RBC, Hb, WBC) and biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, glucose, lipids), oxidative stress markers (SOD, CAT, GPx) and histopathological changes in gill, liver, kidney and muscle tissues were evaluated. Results: Anise oil supplementation at 0.10% and 0.20% significantly improved growth performance, haematological indices and antioxidant enzyme activities (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. However, fish fed 0.30% anise oil showed elevated liver enzymes, glucose and lipid levels, along with moderate tissue damage, indicating potential adverse effects at higher doses. Conclusions: Dietary inclusion of 0.10% to 0.20% anise oil enhances the growth, physiological health and antioxidant defence in Nile tilapia. Nevertheless, 0.30% inclusion may impair metabolic balance and tissue integrity. Anise oil represents a promising natural feed additive for sustainable aquaculture when used at optimal levels.
The effects of hormone therapy on clinical symptoms
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024) Sezgin, Aydan
Menopause is difficult because of the clinical symptoms associated with hormonal changes. Every woman experiences these clinical symptoms to a greater or lesser extent. Hormone therapy has a particularly positive effect on vasomotor symptoms and genitourinary symptoms, but also on other symptoms. Hormone therapy consists mainly of estrogen preparations, and in women with a uterus, estrogen +progesterone preparations. There are various routes of administration of these preparations (oral, vaginal, and transdermal). However, since hormone therapy can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, thromboembolic events, and breast cancer, the patient group to receive hormone therapy should be carefully selected.
Oxysterol metabolism balance as a candidate biomarker in autism spectrum disorder
(Kayseri Faculty of Medicine, 2024) Menteşe Babayiğit, Tuğba; Çıkılı Uytun, Merve; Doğan, Özlem; Akay, Güvem Gümüş; Serdar, Muhittin A.; Efendi, Gökçe Yağmur; Yürümez, Esra; Öztop, Didem Behice
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cholesterol metabolism disorders in the etiopathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the analysis of central and peripheral oxysterol levels (24-hydroxycholesterol,25-hydroxycholesterol,27-hydroxycholesterol). These compounds, found in the cholesterol excretion pathways, are considered potential biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring various neuropsychiatric disorders. Materials and Methods: This study included 42 children diagnosed with ASD, aged between 1 and 6 years, who had no additional psychiatric or medical illnesses other than cognitive delay/intellectual disability and were not on medication, along with 38 age -matched typically developing children. After comprehensive mental health assessments, the symptom severity in children with ASD was evaluated using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Autism Behavior Checklist, and Repetitive Behavior Scale -Revised Form. After the clinical evaluation, peripheral blood samples were obtained from all children. Oxysterol levels were assessed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Results: In the ASD group, levels of 24-hydroxycholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol were significantly higher compared to the control group, while 27-R-hydroxycholesterol levels were lower. The ratio of 24-hydroxycholesterol (mu g/L) to 27-hydroxycholesterol (mu g/L) was notably higher in the autism group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that this ratio was statistically significant and could discriminate between ASD and non-ASD diagnoses with "acceptable discrimination potential." Conclusion: Our findings suggest that alterations in oxysterol levels, commonly associated with neurodegenerative processes, can also be observed in ASD and may serve as a potential candidate biomarker for the disorder.
Higher education student engagement with online learning: the role of perceived value and academic entitlement
(Emerald Publishing, 2024) Al Issa, Hussein-Elhakim; Omar, Mohammed Mispah Said; Çelebi, Ayşem
The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of perceived value and academic entitlement on the online engagement of university students. The mediating effect of technostress inhibitor and teacher behavior between perceived value, entitlement and student engagement was also examined. Design/methodology/approach: The study used a quantitative research methodology, with data collected through a survey of 304 undergraduate students from a public university in Bahrain. Findings: The findings showed that perceived value and academic entitlement were significant predictors of online student engagement. At the same time, only technostress inhibitor was found to mediate those associations. An unexpected result was entitlement's positive and significant impact on student engagement. Practical implications: University decision-makers are strongly advised to enhance perceived value and support mechanisms for engagement, address technology-related concerns and improve teacher capacity and students' online learning experience. Originality/value: The study makes a distinct contribution by investigating how perceived value, academic entitlement, technostress inhibitors and teacher behavior influence student engagement in the online higher education context.
Comparison of mismatch repair and immune checkpoint protein profile with histopathological parameters in pancreatic, periampullary/ampullary, and choledochal adenocarcinomas
(Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 2024) Aydın, Arzu Hazal; Turhan, Nesrin
Pancreatic, periampullary/ampullary, and choledochal adenocarcinomas are aggressive malignancies with a poor prognosis. Immune checkpoint blockade is a promising treatment option for several tumor types. H long terminal repeatassociating 2 (HHLA2), which is analogous to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is a recently discovered member of the B7/cluster of differentiation 28 family and is expressed in many malignancies. AIM To analyze the expression of HHLA2 and its association with the pathologic biomarkers that predict sensitivity to immunotherapy. METHODS Ninety-two adenocarcinoma cases located in the pancreas, ampulla, and distal common bile duct were identified. This study assessed 106 pancreaticoduodenectomy and distal/total pancreatectomy samples that were delivered to Ankara City Hospital between 2019 and 2021. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to examine the expression of DNA mismatch repair (MMR), PD-L1, and HHLA2 proteins. RESULTS Patients with high HHLA2 expression had a higher mean age than those with low expression. Low HHLA2 expression was associated with high perineural invasion. HHLA2 expression was low in pathological stage T3 (pT) 3 cases and high in pathological stage T1, T2, and T4 cases. There was no correlation between HHLA2 expression and the expression of MMR proteins and PD-L1. CONCLUSION Evaluation of HHLA2 expression in microsatellite stable and PD-L1-negative tumors may be useful for predicting the response of individuals to immunotherapy and may serve as a novel therapeutic target for immunotherapy in advanced-stage disease.
Inflammation as a Neurobiological Mechanism of Cognitive Impairment in Psychological Stress
(IMR Press Limited, 2024) Kocamer Şahin, Şengül; Aslan, Esra
The feeling of emotional tension, restlessness, pressure, and inability to relax is referred to as psychological stress. Although it is unclear how psychological stress affects neurobiological processes, several factors are thought to be involved, including central and peripheral neuroinflammation, structural degeneration in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, alterations in fear neurocircuitry, and neuroplasticity. Aside from data relating cognitive impairment to chronic low-grade inflammatory stress, there is growing evidence linking mental stress, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation to the development of psychological disorders. After chronic and acute illnesses, insomnia, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and cognitive impairment were reported. Cognitive impairment is exacerbated by systemic and central inflammatory processes. There is uncertainty about the potential mechanisms causing these symptoms, although they are likely complex, with systemic inflammation playing a significant role. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the role of inflammation in stress-induced cognitive impairment. Depicting the inflammatory mechanisms of cognitive impairment is critical for understanding and treating illnesses, such as chronic stress exposure and anxiety disorders.
Does broad autism phenotype traits effect mother-child interaction?: a cross-sectional study from Turkey
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Menteşe Babayiğit, Tuğba; Temeltürk, Rahime Duygu; Cikili Uytun, Merve; Efendi, Gökçe Yağmur; Yürümez, Esra; Öztop, Didem Behice
Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) is defined as personality, social, and language features that parallel the defining behavioral characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, including social deficits, communication abnormalities, and stereotyped repetitive behavior. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of maternal BAP characteristics on the dynamic interaction between mothers and their children. Methods: Children aged 12–60 months who were referred to the Infant Mental Health Unit of our outpatient clinic were analyzed. Forty-one children who were diagnosed with autism and 35 children who were diagnosed with global developmental delay (GDD) and their mothers were included in the study. The Parent–Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS), Autism-Spectrum Quotient (ASQ), Parental Acceptance–Rejection Questionnaire, and Recognition of Emotional Maltreatment Scale (REMS) were used. Results: The PIR-GAS score was significantly lower in the autism group than in the GDD group, and mothers of children with autistic children exhibited higher BAP scores. Conclusions: Our study suggests a link between maternal BAP scores and the quality of mother-child relationships. Further studies are needed to examine and improve our ability to evaluate the effects of parental BAP in terms of parental intervention effectiveness.
Investigation of Liver X Receptor Gene Variants and Oxysterol Dysregulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder †
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Menteşe Babayiğit, Tuğba; Gümüş Akay, Güvem; Uytun, Merve Çikili; Doğan, Özlem; Serdar, Muhittin A.; Efendi, Gökçe Yağmur; Erman, Ayşe Gökçe; Yürümez, Esra; Öztop, Didem Behice
The NR1H2 gene produces the Liver X Receptor Beta (LXRB) protein, which is crucial for brain cholesterol metabolism and neuronal development. However, its involvement in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains largely unexplored, aside from animal studies. This study is the first to explore the potential link between autism and rs2695121/rs17373080 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the regulatory regions of NR1H2, known for their association with neuropsychiatric functions. Additionally, we assessed levels of oxysterols (24-Hydroxycholesterol, 25-Hydroxycholesterol, 27-Hydroxycholesterol), crucial ligands of LXR, and lipid profiles. Our cohort comprised 107 children with ASD and 103 healthy children aged 2–18 years. Clinical assessment tools included the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Autistic Behavior Checklist, and Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised. Genotyping for SNPs was conducted using PCR-RFLP. Lipid profiles were analyzed with Beckman Coulter kits, while oxysterol levels were determined through liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Significantly higher total cholesterol (p = 0.003), LDL (p = 0.008), and triglyceride (p < 0.001) levels were observed in the ASD group. 27-Hydroxycholesterol levels were markedly lower in the ASD group (p ? 0.001). ROC analysis indicated the potential of 27-Hydroxycholesterol to discriminate ASD diagnosis. The SNP genotype and allele frequencies were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Our findings suggest that disturbances in oxysterol metabolism, previously linked to neurodegeneration, may constitute a risk factor for ASD and contribute to its heterogeneous phenotype.
Intravenous high-dose anakinra drops venous thrombosis and acute coronary syndrome in severe and critical COVID-19 patients: a propensity score matched study
(Nature Research, 2024) Çakmak, Ramazan; Yüce, Servet; Ay, Mustafa; Uyar, Muhammed Hamdi; Kılıç, Muhammed İkbal; Bektaş, Murat
In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of high-dose intravenous anakinra treatment on the development of thrombotic events in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. This retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary referral center in Aksaray, Turkey. The study population consisted of two groups as follows; the patients receiving high-dose intravenous anakinra (anakinra group) added to background therapy and the patients treated with standard of care (SoC) as a historical control group. Age, gender, mcHIS scores, and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary heart disease of the patients were determined as the variables to be matched. We included 114 patients in SoC and 139 patients in the Anakinra group in the study. Development of any thromboembolic event (5% vs 12.3%, p = 0.038; OR 4.3) and PTE (2.9% vs 9.6%, p = 0.023; OR 5.1) were lower in the Anakinra group than SoC. No patient experienced cerebrovascular accident and/or clinically evident deep venous thrombosis both in two arms. After 1:1 PS matching, 88 patients in SoC and 88 patients in the Anakinra group were matched and included in the analysis. In survival analysis, the development of any thromboembolic event, pulmonary thromboembolism, and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were higher in SoC compared to Anakinra. Survival rate was also lower in patients with SoC arm than Anakinra in patients who had any thromboembolic event as well as ACS. In our study, the development of thrombosis was associated with hyperinflammation in patients with severe and critical COVID-19. Intravenous high-dose anakinra treatment decreases both venous and arterial events in patients with severe and critical COVID-19.

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