Güvercinkayası’nda beslenme antropolojisinin mimari izleri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Tarih öncesi toplumların beslenme alışkanlıkları çeşitli arkeolojik kanıtlara dayanarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Günümüze belli koşullarda gelebilen besin maddelerine kıyasla bunların depolandıkları mimari öğeler daha iyi korunarak gelebilmektedir. Bu yazıda Orta Anadolu Bölgesi’nde kapsamlı çalışılan Güvercinkayası başta olmak üzere, Tepecik Çiftlik, Köşk Höyük, Batı Çatalhöyük ve Can Hasan I gibi M.Ö. 6. binyıl başından 5. binyıl ortalarına kadar tarihlenen yerleşmeler depolama unsurlarıyla birlikte ele alınmaktadır. Ekonomileri ağırlıklı olarak kuru tarımla biçimlenen bu yerleşmelerde tarımsal üretkenliğin mimari göstergelerinden ambar, kiler odası, silo, petek, kutu gibi depolama alanlarına sıklıkla rastlanır. Çalışmada bu mimari unsurların yapı malzemeleri, yapım teknikleri ve biçimsel özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Aralarında tipolojik ve teknik bakımdan birebir benzerlik bulunmasa da tek tek yerleşmelere bakıldığında depolama birimlerinin yerleşme düzenleriyle uyumlu görünümü dikkat çekmektedir. Kentleşme öncesi sürecin erken basamaklarına oturan Kalkolitik dönemde önemli yer tutan depolama alanlarına mimari perspektiften bakmak yazının amaçlarındandır. Örnek yerleşmelerde depolama uygulamalarının İlk Kalkolitik tabakalarda Neolitik gelenekten aktarıldığı, gerek nitelik gerekse niceliksel değişimlerin M.Ö. 6. binyılın sonlarına doğru yaşandığı anlaşılmaktadır.
The diet of prehistoric societies can be described on the basis of archaeological evidence. Compared to the nutrients that can survive in certain conditions, the architectural elements in which they are stored may be better preserved. In this article, settlements dating to the beginning of the sixth millennium BC to the mid-fifth millennium BC (such as Tepecik Çiftlik, Köşk Höyük, Çatalhöyük West, and Can Hasan I), are discussed, together with storage elements (especially the Güvercinkayası, which has been extensively studied in the Central Anatolia Region). The settlements dating from the beginning of the sixth millennium BC to the middle of the fifth millennium BC are discussed together with the storage elements. The economies of these settlements can be understood through evidence of dry agriculture, storage areas (such as warehouses, cellar rooms, and silos), honeycombed type silos, and boxes. All of these are architectural indicators of agricultural productivity and are frequently encountered. In the study, the building materials, construction techniques, and features of these architectural elements were evaluated. Although there are no similarities between individual elements in terms of typology and technique, when the individual settlements are examined, it is clear that the design of storage units is in harmony with the settlement patterns. It is one of the aims of the article to study storage areas, which held an important place in Chalcolithic society (which represented the early stages of the pre-urbanization process) from an architectural perspective. It is understood that it was transferred from the Neolithic tradition and that both quality and quantitative changes took place towards the end of the sixth millennium BC.
The diet of prehistoric societies can be described on the basis of archaeological evidence. Compared to the nutrients that can survive in certain conditions, the architectural elements in which they are stored may be better preserved. In this article, settlements dating to the beginning of the sixth millennium BC to the mid-fifth millennium BC (such as Tepecik Çiftlik, Köşk Höyük, Çatalhöyük West, and Can Hasan I), are discussed, together with storage elements (especially the Güvercinkayası, which has been extensively studied in the Central Anatolia Region). The settlements dating from the beginning of the sixth millennium BC to the middle of the fifth millennium BC are discussed together with the storage elements. The economies of these settlements can be understood through evidence of dry agriculture, storage areas (such as warehouses, cellar rooms, and silos), honeycombed type silos, and boxes. All of these are architectural indicators of agricultural productivity and are frequently encountered. In the study, the building materials, construction techniques, and features of these architectural elements were evaluated. Although there are no similarities between individual elements in terms of typology and technique, when the individual settlements are examined, it is clear that the design of storage units is in harmony with the settlement patterns. It is one of the aims of the article to study storage areas, which held an important place in Chalcolithic society (which represented the early stages of the pre-urbanization process) from an architectural perspective. It is understood that it was transferred from the Neolithic tradition and that both quality and quantitative changes took place towards the end of the sixth millennium BC.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Güvercinkayası, Kalkolitik, Silo, Ürün Depolama, Obeyd, Chalcolithic, Ubaid, Product Storage
Kaynak
Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
12
Sayı
2
