Mahmutbey-Mecidiyeköy (İstanbul) metro tünelinde değişen litolojide tünel açma makinası (TBM) performansının değerlendirilmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Aksaray Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmanın konusu, İstanbul Mahmutbey – Mecidiyeköy Metro tünel hattında kullanılan EPB - TBM makinasının (arazi basınç dengeleme - tam cepheli tünel açma) değişen litolojideki kazı performansının analizidir. Elde edilen sayısal veriler kullanılarak çizilen grafiklerle kazı performansının değişen litolojideki ayrı ayrı TBM parametreleri incelenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Tez kapsamında üç farklı formasyondan geçen Terratec TBM, kil oranı yüksek siltli birimlerde maksimum hıza ulaşmıştır. Kaya kalitesinin daha düşük olduğu, geçirimsiz, boşluk oranı yüksek birimlerde EPB değerlerinin daha yüksek değerler aldığı belirlenmiştir. Kil gibi yapışkanlık özelliği yüksek zeminlerde ise köpük tüketiminin maksimuma ulaştığı görülmüştür. Kumtaşı gibi sert zeminlerde, RQD değeri yüksek zeminlerde kesici kafada motorlarının elektriksel akım çekimi de en yüksek değerlere ulaşmıştır. Buna bağlı olarak itme kuvveti ve tork değerleri de en yüksek değerde seyretmiştir. Kohezyon oranı yüksek birimlerde itme kuvveti ve tork değerinin de daha yüksek seyrettiği belirlenmiştir. Yer yüzeyini dengeleyici basınç altında kazı yapmaya imkan tanıyan EPB – TBM'ler özellikle İstanbul jeolojine uygun olarak kazı yapmaya elverişlidir. Projede kullanılan TBM'nin de EPB makinası olması kazılarda kolaylık sağlamış ve daha da önemlisi güvenli çalışma ortamı oluşturmuştur. Köpük tercihlerinin zemine uygun şekilde uygulanması da kazılarda verimliliği artırmıştır.
Subject of this study is analyzing the excavation performance of EPB/TBM (earth pressure balancing/full face tunnel boring machine) used in Istanbul Mahmutbey-Mecidiyekoy Metro tunnel during transitive lithological conditions. TBM parameters and excavation performance in transitive lithological conditions have been investigated and evaluated with the help of numerical data and graphics. In the scope of the study, Terratec TBM has gone through 3 different formations. Maximum advance rate has been achieved in silty units that have high clay content. It was observed that higher EPB values have been used in units that have lower rock quality degree, higher void ratio and permeability. It was also seen that foam consumption has been maximized in clay like zones which has adhesion property. In hard ground with high RQD such as sandstone, electrical current which has been fed to the electrical engines of the cutter head reached the highest values. As a result, thrust and torque forces have also shown peak values. In general, it was found that thrust and torque forces are relatively higher for units that have high cohesion. EPB TBM's which make it possible to excavate under pressure to minimize surface settlements are suitable for the geological conditions especially available in Istanbul. The fact that the TBM which was used in the project is an EPB type machine has offered some great benefits during the excavations and more importantly provided a safer working environment. Adequate application and selection of foam type and quantity regarding the properties of the ground has increased the efficiency.
Subject of this study is analyzing the excavation performance of EPB/TBM (earth pressure balancing/full face tunnel boring machine) used in Istanbul Mahmutbey-Mecidiyekoy Metro tunnel during transitive lithological conditions. TBM parameters and excavation performance in transitive lithological conditions have been investigated and evaluated with the help of numerical data and graphics. In the scope of the study, Terratec TBM has gone through 3 different formations. Maximum advance rate has been achieved in silty units that have high clay content. It was observed that higher EPB values have been used in units that have lower rock quality degree, higher void ratio and permeability. It was also seen that foam consumption has been maximized in clay like zones which has adhesion property. In hard ground with high RQD such as sandstone, electrical current which has been fed to the electrical engines of the cutter head reached the highest values. As a result, thrust and torque forces have also shown peak values. In general, it was found that thrust and torque forces are relatively higher for units that have high cohesion. EPB TBM's which make it possible to excavate under pressure to minimize surface settlements are suitable for the geological conditions especially available in Istanbul. The fact that the TBM which was used in the project is an EPB type machine has offered some great benefits during the excavations and more importantly provided a safer working environment. Adequate application and selection of foam type and quantity regarding the properties of the ground has increased the efficiency.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
TBM, TBM Parametreleri, Litoloji, Metro Tüneli, İstanbul, TBM Parameters, Lithology, Metro Tunnel
