Türkiye'deki aktif volkanlarda meydana gelen yüzey deformasyonlarının jeodezik tekniklerle izlenmesi
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Aksaray Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
Özet
Volkanik tehdit açısından 95 ülke arasında 14. sırada yer alan Türkiye, son 10.000 yıl içerisinde faaliyeti bulunan 7 volkanik sisteme (Hasan Dağı, Tendürek Volkanı, Ağrı Dağı, Nemrut Volkanı, Kula Volkanik Kompleksi, Karacadağ, Erciyes Dağı) sahiptir. Türkiye'de yer alan bu volkanik sistemler Global Volkanizma Programına göre son 10.000 yılda 38 volkanik patlamaya neden olmuş ve MS 1100 ile 1900 yılları arasında ise her yüzyılda en az bir volkanik patlama meydana getirmiştir. Son volkanik aktiviteye ait kayıt 1855 yılında Tendürek Dağı'nda meydana gelen gaz ve kül çıkışı olsa da uzun süredir durgunluk döneminde olan volkanlar, yüzlerce yıl sonra bile faaliyetlerine devam edebilmekte ve çevresinde yaşayan toplumlar için ciddi bir tehdit oluşturabilmektedir. Bu nedenle volkanik aktivitelerin izlenmesinde en erken ve en önemli belirteçlerinden biri olan yüzey deformasyonların tespit edilmesi oldukça önemli bir konudur. Bu çalışmada Global Volkanizma Programına göre Türkiye'de aktif olan 7 volkanik sistemde meydana gelen yüzey deformasyonlarının tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda çalışma alanlarından alçalan ve yükselen yörüngelerden elde edilen Sentinel-1 SAR görüntüleri ve GACOS gecikme ürünleri kullanılarak 2019-2023 yılları arasındaki yüzey deformasyonları PSInSAR tekniği kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca pilot bölge olarak seçilen Hasan Dağı'na TÜBİTAK 121Y401 no'lu proje kapsamında Türkiye'de ilk defa volkanik alanların izlenmesi amacına yönelik jeodezik bir ağ kurularak GNSS ve PSInSAR tekniklerinden elde edilen bulgular karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda Türkiye'de yer alan volkanik sistemlerde Tendürek volkanında yaklaşık -1,5 cm/yıl'lık bir deformasyon ve diğer 6 volkanik sistemde ise genel anlamda -2 ile 5 mm/yıl'lık bir deformasyon tespit edilmiştir.
Ranking 14th among 95 countries in terms of volcanic threat, Turkey has 7 volcanic systems (Mount Hasan, Tendürek Volcano, Mount Ağrı, Nemrut Volcano, Kula Volcanic Complex, Karacadağ, Mount Erciyes) that have been active in the last 10.000 years. According to the Global Volcanism Program, these volcanic systems in Turkey have caused 38 volcanic eruptions in the last 10,000 years and at least one volcanic eruption occurred every century between 1100 and 1900 AD. Although the last recorded volcanic activity was the gas and ash eruption from Tendürek Volcano in 1855, volcanoes that have been in a dormant state for a long time can continue their activities even after hundreds of years and pose a serious threat to the communities living in their surroundings. Therefore, detecting surface deformations, which are one of the earliest and most important indicators of volcanic activity, is a very important issue. This study aims to determine the surface deformations occurring in 7 active volcanic systems in Turkey according to the Global Volcanism Program. In this context, surface deformations between 2019 and 2023 were determined using the PSInSAR technique using GACOS delay products and Sentinel-1 SAR images obtained from descending and ascending orbits for the study areas. In addition, a geodetic network was established for the first time in Turkey for the purpose of monitoring volcanic areas in Mount Hasan, which was selected as a pilot area, within the scope of the TÜBİTAK 121Y401 project, and the findings obtained from GNSS and PSInSAR techniques were compared. As a result of the study, a deformation of approximately -1.5 cm/year was detected in Tendürek volcano and a general deformation of -2 to 5 mm/year was detected in the other 6 volcanic systems in Turkey.
Ranking 14th among 95 countries in terms of volcanic threat, Turkey has 7 volcanic systems (Mount Hasan, Tendürek Volcano, Mount Ağrı, Nemrut Volcano, Kula Volcanic Complex, Karacadağ, Mount Erciyes) that have been active in the last 10.000 years. According to the Global Volcanism Program, these volcanic systems in Turkey have caused 38 volcanic eruptions in the last 10,000 years and at least one volcanic eruption occurred every century between 1100 and 1900 AD. Although the last recorded volcanic activity was the gas and ash eruption from Tendürek Volcano in 1855, volcanoes that have been in a dormant state for a long time can continue their activities even after hundreds of years and pose a serious threat to the communities living in their surroundings. Therefore, detecting surface deformations, which are one of the earliest and most important indicators of volcanic activity, is a very important issue. This study aims to determine the surface deformations occurring in 7 active volcanic systems in Turkey according to the Global Volcanism Program. In this context, surface deformations between 2019 and 2023 were determined using the PSInSAR technique using GACOS delay products and Sentinel-1 SAR images obtained from descending and ascending orbits for the study areas. In addition, a geodetic network was established for the first time in Turkey for the purpose of monitoring volcanic areas in Mount Hasan, which was selected as a pilot area, within the scope of the TÜBİTAK 121Y401 project, and the findings obtained from GNSS and PSInSAR techniques were compared. As a result of the study, a deformation of approximately -1.5 cm/year was detected in Tendürek volcano and a general deformation of -2 to 5 mm/year was detected in the other 6 volcanic systems in Turkey.
