Süyûtî’nin Mevzûât literatürüne katkısı
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Tarih
2024
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Aksaray Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Hadis tarihinde hicrî beşinci ve altıncı asırlar itibariyle mevzû rivayetler müstakil kaynaklarda bir araya getirilmeye başlamış bu alanda önemli bir literatür teşekkül etmiştir. İlk olmamakla birlikte en meşhur örneğini İbnü’l-Cevzî’nin (ö. 597/1201) verdiği bu alana önemli katkı sunan âlimlerden birisi de Süyûtî’dir (ö. 911/1505). Onun ilgili literatürdeki yazınının ekseriyeti İbnü’l-Cevzî’nin el-Mevzû‘ât’ı eksenlidir. O, elMevzû‘ât üzerine en güzel çalışmayı el-Le’âli’siyle yapmış, sonra bu eserini enNüket’inde özetlemiştir. Ayrıca el-Mevzû‘ât’a bir de zeyl kaleme almıştır. Özellikle devrinde uydurma hadisleri fazlaca kullanan kıssacıları tenkidi kendine vazife edinen Süyûtî, alana ilişkin eserlerinin hemen hepsinde kıssacılara dikkat çekmiş, onları sözlü tenkitten de geri durmamıştır. Bu sebeple çokça saldırıya da maruz kaldığını söylemiştir. Çalışmada Süyûtî’nin mevzûât literatürüne örneklik teşkil eden eserleri tespit edilmiş ve bunlar; telif sebebi, metodu, mahiyeti ve literatürdeki yeri açısından tahlil edilmiştir. Ayrıca müellifin mevzû hadislere yaklaşımı ve bu tür rivayetlerin kullanımı hususundaki tavrı incelenerek İbnü’l-Cevzî’ye yönelttiği tenkitler tetkik edilmiştir. Netice itibariyle hadis tarihinin belki de en velûd âlimi olan Süyûtî’nin mevzûât literatürüne de oldukça nitelikli bir katkıda bulunduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte onun, uydurma hadisin ihdâsı ve nakli konusunda son derece ağır tenkitlerde bulunmasına ve hemen her eserine bunu yansıtmasına rağmen kendisiyle bazen çelişebildiği, kimi zaman aşırı zayıf hatta uydurma rivayetleri savunabildiği ve bazı eserlerinde mevzû rivayetleri kullandığı müşâhade edilmiştir.
In the history of had?th, during fifth and sixth centuries for Hijrah, mawd?? (fabricated) ?ad?ths began to be brought together in separate sources and an important literature was formed in this field. Although not the first, one of the scholars who made significant contributions to this field is Suy?t? (d. 911/1505) while Ibn al-Jawz? (d. 597/1201) is the most famous example. Most of Suy?t?’s studies in the relevant literature are about Ibn alJawz?’s book al-Mawd???t. He made the best work on al-Mawd???t with his La’?l?, and then summarized this work in his al-Nukat. He also wrote a zayl (second volume) to alMawd???t, Suy?t?, who took it as his duty to criticize the story (qissa) tellers who used fabricated had?th s excessively during his time, drew attention to them in almost all his literary works with an open critique, where he stated that he was subjected to many attacks. In the study, Suy?t?’s works on fabricated had?ths were analyzed in terms of the aim, method, content, and significance within the body of relevant literature. In addition, the author's approach to fabricated had?ths and his attitude towards the use of such narrations as well as his criticisms towards Ibn al-Jawz? were examined. As a result of these analysis Suy?t?, who is perhaps the scholar who wrote the most works in the history of had?th, made a very qualified contribution himself to the literature of fabricated had?ths. Although he extremely criticized fabricating and disseminating had?ths and reflected over this issue in almost all his works, he sometimes contradicted with himself and used fabricated had?ths.
In the history of had?th, during fifth and sixth centuries for Hijrah, mawd?? (fabricated) ?ad?ths began to be brought together in separate sources and an important literature was formed in this field. Although not the first, one of the scholars who made significant contributions to this field is Suy?t? (d. 911/1505) while Ibn al-Jawz? (d. 597/1201) is the most famous example. Most of Suy?t?’s studies in the relevant literature are about Ibn alJawz?’s book al-Mawd???t. He made the best work on al-Mawd???t with his La’?l?, and then summarized this work in his al-Nukat. He also wrote a zayl (second volume) to alMawd???t, Suy?t?, who took it as his duty to criticize the story (qissa) tellers who used fabricated had?th s excessively during his time, drew attention to them in almost all his literary works with an open critique, where he stated that he was subjected to many attacks. In the study, Suy?t?’s works on fabricated had?ths were analyzed in terms of the aim, method, content, and significance within the body of relevant literature. In addition, the author's approach to fabricated had?ths and his attitude towards the use of such narrations as well as his criticisms towards Ibn al-Jawz? were examined. As a result of these analysis Suy?t?, who is perhaps the scholar who wrote the most works in the history of had?th, made a very qualified contribution himself to the literature of fabricated had?ths. Although he extremely criticized fabricating and disseminating had?ths and reflected over this issue in almost all his works, he sometimes contradicted with himself and used fabricated had?ths.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hadis, Süyûtî, Mevzû Hadis, Mevzûât Literatürü, Kıssacılar, Had?th, Suy?t?, Mawd?? (Fabricated) Had?th, Mawd???t Literature, Story (Qissa) Tellers
Kaynak
Müteffekir
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
11
Sayı
21
