Tarıma açık alanlarda toprak kirliliğinin belirlenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2018
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Aksaray Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Endüstri ve kentleşme de hızlı gelişmeler sonucunda toprak, ağır metalleri de içeren önemli miktarda kirleticiye maruz kalmıştır. Toprak kirliliğine neden olan önemli antropojenik kaynaklar, endüstriyel aktiviteler sonucu üretilen veya yan ürün olarak çıkan kimyasallar, evlerden, hayvancılık faaliyetlerinden, belediye atıklarından gelen kimyasallar ve tarım ilaçlarıdır. Toprak kirliliği aynı zamanda ulaşım kaynaklı, pestisitlerin sprey-sürüklenmesi, tam yanmamış gazların atmosferik çökelmesi sonucu olabilir. Çalışmada, Aksaray Konya devlet karayolu etrafında ve yine Aksaray Ankara karayolu üzerinde tarıma açık arazilerden alınan örneklerde muhtemel BTEX, pestisit ve organik bileşiklerin dağılımı on biri noktada izlenmiştir. Toprak örneklerindeki kirleticiler EPA5035 metoduna göre örneklemeleri yapılmıştır. Toprak örneklerinde organik bileşiklerin yanı sıra ağır metal analizleri devam ediyor. (Al Ba, Cd, Cr Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, ve Zn), metaloit (As ve B) ve Se elementlerinin analizleri yapılmıştır. Örneklerde BTEX bileşenleri tespit edilememiş ancak toprak örneklerinde pestisitlerden Heptaklor , Endosülfan1-2, Heptaklorepoksit, Metoksıklor, PCB mg/kg seviyesinde tespit edilmiştir. Ultrasonikasyon ve Mikrodalga yöntemleriyle ile yapılan ağır metal ekstraksiyonu sonucunda, toksik özellik gösteren Al, Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Fe gibi ağır metaller tespit edilmiştir. Yağış sonrası Fe konsantrasyonu en yüksek 18,6 g/kg; Al değeri 23,3 g/kg olmuştur.
Soil has received a significant amount of pollutants from different sources including heavy metals due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. The main anthropogenic sources of soil pollution are the chemicals used in or produced as by-products of industrial activities, domestic, livestock and municipal wastes, and agrochemicals. Soil pollution also results from atmospheric deposition from transportation, spray drift from pesticide applications, uncompleted combustion of many substances, In this study, we monitored the sites (Highways of Aksaray- Konya and –Ankara) in Konya basin for possible BTEX, Pecsticides and Persistent Organic Compounds' spread at eleven sampling points. Contaminants were sampled in soil samples according to EPA method 5035. Besides Organic Compounds' the heavy metals (Al Ba, Cd, Cr Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn,, Ni, Pb, ve Zn), metalloids (As and B) and the element of Se load of soil samples were analysed in11 sampling points. None BTEX compounds were detected whereas Pesticides, Heptachlor, endosulphane1,2, Heptachloro epoxide, Methasiclore and PCB were detected in the soil samples. As to heavy metals which analysed with ultrosonication and microwave extraction, metals which have toxic features such Al, Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Fe. were detected. Concentrations of Fe and Al were 18.6 g/kg and 23.3 g/kg were found respectively after rain.
Soil has received a significant amount of pollutants from different sources including heavy metals due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. The main anthropogenic sources of soil pollution are the chemicals used in or produced as by-products of industrial activities, domestic, livestock and municipal wastes, and agrochemicals. Soil pollution also results from atmospheric deposition from transportation, spray drift from pesticide applications, uncompleted combustion of many substances, In this study, we monitored the sites (Highways of Aksaray- Konya and –Ankara) in Konya basin for possible BTEX, Pecsticides and Persistent Organic Compounds' spread at eleven sampling points. Contaminants were sampled in soil samples according to EPA method 5035. Besides Organic Compounds' the heavy metals (Al Ba, Cd, Cr Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn,, Ni, Pb, ve Zn), metalloids (As and B) and the element of Se load of soil samples were analysed in11 sampling points. None BTEX compounds were detected whereas Pesticides, Heptachlor, endosulphane1,2, Heptachloro epoxide, Methasiclore and PCB were detected in the soil samples. As to heavy metals which analysed with ultrosonication and microwave extraction, metals which have toxic features such Al, Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Fe. were detected. Concentrations of Fe and Al were 18.6 g/kg and 23.3 g/kg were found respectively after rain.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
BTEX, Ağır Metaller Toprak Kirliliği, GC Analizi, Heavy Metals, Soil Pollution, GC Analyses
