XIX. yüzyıl türkiye deprem tarihi ve sosyo-ekonomik etkileri
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Tarih
2016
Yazarlar
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TÜBİTAK
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
TÜBİTAK desteğinde yapılan "XIX. yüzyıl Türkiye’sinde Depremler ve Sosyo-Ekonomik Etkileri" isimli bu çalışma ile günümüz Türkiye sınırlarında XIX. yüzyıl boyunca meydana gelen küçük büyük bütün depremlerin her yönüyle ele alınması suretiyle, Osmanlı Devleti’nin sosyoekonomik, idari ve yerel tarihlerine katkı sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın amaçlarından bir diğeri ise Türkiye’de meydana gelen depremlerin 1800-1900 dönemi kataloğunu çıkarmak suretiyle deprem bilimine katkı sağlamaktır. Bu çalışmada Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri, dönemin ulusal ve yerel basını, salnameler (yıllıklar), kronikler, hatıratlar, seyahatnameler gibi birinci elden, güvenilir kaynaklar taranarak, elde edilen veriler işlenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Zaman ve saha kapsamında, artçı şoklar hariç toplam 918 defa deprem yaşandığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunlar içerisde yıkıcı nitelikte olan 37 deprem (%4) çok sayıda yerleşim biriminin harap olmasıyla ve önemi sayıda can kaybıyla sonuçlanırken, 62 deprem (%7) orta derecede hasara yol açmıştır. 106 deprem (%11) hafif derecede hasara (bir ya da birkaç evin yıkılmasına, duvarların yarılmasına ya da çatlamasına) neden olurken, depremlerin önemli bir kısmını oluşturan 713’ü (%78) hiçbir hasar meydana getirmemiştir. Yıkıcı depremler neticesinde evleri yıkılarak açıkta kalan ve yardıma muhtaç durumda olan depremzedelerin yaraları, merkezi ve yerel hükümetlerin çalışmaları, halkın yardımları neticesinde sarılmaya çalışılmıştır.
With this project which is supported by TUBITAK and named as “The 19th Century Earthquake History of Turkey and Social-Economical Impacts”, aimed to contribute of Ottoman Empire’s socio-economic, governmental and local history by looking through every aspects of all small to large earthquakes that occurred in today’s border of Turkey in the 19th century. Another purpose of this study is compiling a catalog of earthquakes that occurred in Turkey from 1800 to 1900 and contribute to seismology. In this study was processed and interpreted the reliable data that obtained from Ottoman archival documents and some primary sources such as national and local news letters, yearbooks, chronicles, memories, thravelbooks. Within the time and scope, except the aftershocks, 918 earthquakes were determined. From this amount 37 earthquakes (%4) were catastrophic and resulted with the destruction of a large number of residential units and also significant number of casualties, 62 earthquakes (%7) led to moderate damage. While 106 earthquakes (%11) caused mild damage (collapse of a few houses, and to cleavage or cracking of the walls), 713 earthquakes (%78) that forming a substantial part, did not produce any damage. As a result of devastating earthquakes some houses were demolished and some people became homeless, wounded and in need of help. These wounds of earthquake survivors were binded up by the central and local governments and also local people took part of this recovery with their public aid.
With this project which is supported by TUBITAK and named as “The 19th Century Earthquake History of Turkey and Social-Economical Impacts”, aimed to contribute of Ottoman Empire’s socio-economic, governmental and local history by looking through every aspects of all small to large earthquakes that occurred in today’s border of Turkey in the 19th century. Another purpose of this study is compiling a catalog of earthquakes that occurred in Turkey from 1800 to 1900 and contribute to seismology. In this study was processed and interpreted the reliable data that obtained from Ottoman archival documents and some primary sources such as national and local news letters, yearbooks, chronicles, memories, thravelbooks. Within the time and scope, except the aftershocks, 918 earthquakes were determined. From this amount 37 earthquakes (%4) were catastrophic and resulted with the destruction of a large number of residential units and also significant number of casualties, 62 earthquakes (%7) led to moderate damage. While 106 earthquakes (%11) caused mild damage (collapse of a few houses, and to cleavage or cracking of the walls), 713 earthquakes (%78) that forming a substantial part, did not produce any damage. As a result of devastating earthquakes some houses were demolished and some people became homeless, wounded and in need of help. These wounds of earthquake survivors were binded up by the central and local governments and also local people took part of this recovery with their public aid.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Osmanlı Devleti, Deprem, Doğal Afetler, Afet Yönetimi, Yardım Faaliyetleri, Ottoman State, Earthquake, Naturel, Afet Yönetimi, Yönetimi Manegement, Aid Activities
