Mantık ilminin Belâgata etkisi
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Aksaray Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu makalede kavramsal ve sistematik açıdan mantık ilminin Arap belâgatını nasıl etkilediği incelenmiştir. Abbâsîler döneminde Aristo mantığının İslâm dünyasına girişiyle beraber Arap belâgatı mantık ilminden etkilenmiştir. Fakat bu etki daha çok kavramsal ve yöntemsel yönden olmuştur. Mantık ilmindeki tümeller, kavramsal düşünce, tanım teorisi, bölme (taksim), tasnif, delâlet gibi konular belâgat kaynaklarında görülmeye başlanmıştır. Doğu Belâgat Ekolü (Meşârika) aracılığıyla belâgat kitapları hicrî 5. asırdan sonra mantıksal metoda göre yazılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu metot, günümüze kadar belirleyici olmuştur. Bu metotta edebî zevk ve eleştiriden ziyade, belâgat konularının mantık usûlü ile ele alınması öne çıkmıştır. Belâgatın mantıksal bir kurguya göre teşekkül ettirilmesinde Ebû Ya?k?b es-Sekkâkî (ö. 626/1229) ve onun Miftâhu’l-?ulûm adlı eseri başat rol oynamıştır. Yine, Kudâme b. Ca?fer (ö. 337/948 [?]) ve Na?dü’ş-şi?r adlı eseri ile Ebü’l-Hasen Hâzim el-Kartâcennî’nin (ö. 684/1285) Minhâcü’l-büle?? adlı eseri de mantık ilminin etkisinde telif edilmiş belâgat kaynaklarıdır. Genel hatlarıyla mantık ilminin belâgata etkisini ortaya koyan bir araştırmayı tespit edemedik. Makalenin önemi, mantık ilminin, tarihsel, kavramsal, teorik, yöntemsel açıdan belâgata ne denli etkide bulunduğunu tespit ederek açıklamaktır. Ayrıca belâgatın mantıktan etkilenmesi belâgat ekolleri açısından da incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, mantık ilminin belâgata etkisi gösterilirken konuyla ilgili önceki çalışmaların ya daha çok Sekkâkî’nin belâgatı donuklaştırdığı iddiasını içerdiğini ya da bu etkinin sadece birkaç kavramla sınırlı gösterildiğini tespit ettik. Bu yaklaşımlardan farklı olarak belâgat tarihinde mantığın formel düzeyde de olsa daha kapsamlı bir etkisinin olduğu ifade edildi. Bu etki Sekkâkî’de bâriz bir şekilde görülmektedir. Ayrıca Aristo’nun Retorika ve Poetika adlı eserlerinin Arap Belâgatını sınırlı bir şekilde etkilediği belirtildi.
In this article, I examined how the science of logic has affected Arabic rhetoric in the historical process both conceptually and theoretically. It is a known fact that Arabic rhetoric was a part of the practical life of Arab society from the pre-Muhammad(pbuh) time to the Abb?s?ds. With the introduction of Aristotelian logic to the Islamic world in the Abb?s?d period, Arabic rhetoric started to be influenced by the discipline of logic. Logic has affected rhetoric as well as religious sciences. However, this effect was conceptual and methodological rather than theoretical. This effect has been through topics such as universals, concept, definition theory, division (dividing), classification, and signification in the science of logic. Through the Eastern Rhetoric School (Mes?rika), rhetoric books began to be written according to the logical method after the 5th century. In other words, the logical effect is not directed to content and theory in rhetoric works, but to form and classify the methods. This method has been decisive until today and rather than literary taste and criticism, has come to the fore to deal with rhetoric issues with a logical method. The role of rhetoric scholars such as Eb? Ya?k?b es-Sekk?k? (d. 626/1229) and his work Mift?hu’l-?ul?m played an important role in the formation of rhetoric according to logic. Again, Kudame b. Ca?fer (d. 337/948 [?]) and his work named Na?du’l-şi?r and the work of Ebü’l-Hasen H?zim al-Kart?cenn? (d. 684/1285) Minh?cu’lbule?? also contributed to the science of logic. We have not been able to identify a study that reveals the effect of logic on rhetoric in general terms. The importance of the article is to determine and explain how much the science of logic affects rhetoric in terms of theory, methodology, and content. In the research, we found that while the effect of logic on rhetoric was shown, previous studies on the subject limited this effect to only a few concepts. We have stated that, unlike these approaches, logic has a deeper and more comprehensive effect on the history of rhetoric.
In this article, I examined how the science of logic has affected Arabic rhetoric in the historical process both conceptually and theoretically. It is a known fact that Arabic rhetoric was a part of the practical life of Arab society from the pre-Muhammad(pbuh) time to the Abb?s?ds. With the introduction of Aristotelian logic to the Islamic world in the Abb?s?d period, Arabic rhetoric started to be influenced by the discipline of logic. Logic has affected rhetoric as well as religious sciences. However, this effect was conceptual and methodological rather than theoretical. This effect has been through topics such as universals, concept, definition theory, division (dividing), classification, and signification in the science of logic. Through the Eastern Rhetoric School (Mes?rika), rhetoric books began to be written according to the logical method after the 5th century. In other words, the logical effect is not directed to content and theory in rhetoric works, but to form and classify the methods. This method has been decisive until today and rather than literary taste and criticism, has come to the fore to deal with rhetoric issues with a logical method. The role of rhetoric scholars such as Eb? Ya?k?b es-Sekk?k? (d. 626/1229) and his work Mift?hu’l-?ul?m played an important role in the formation of rhetoric according to logic. Again, Kudame b. Ca?fer (d. 337/948 [?]) and his work named Na?du’l-şi?r and the work of Ebü’l-Hasen H?zim al-Kart?cenn? (d. 684/1285) Minh?cu’lbule?? also contributed to the science of logic. We have not been able to identify a study that reveals the effect of logic on rhetoric in general terms. The importance of the article is to determine and explain how much the science of logic affects rhetoric in terms of theory, methodology, and content. In the research, we found that while the effect of logic on rhetoric was shown, previous studies on the subject limited this effect to only a few concepts. We have stated that, unlike these approaches, logic has a deeper and more comprehensive effect on the history of rhetoric.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Arap Dili ve Belâgatı, Belâgat, Mantık, Tasnif, Sekkâkî, Arabic Language and Rhetorics, Rhetoric, Logic, Classification, Sekk?k?
Kaynak
Mütefekkir
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
9
Sayı
17
