Biyokütleye uygulanan ön işlemlerin piroliz ürünleri üzerine etkisi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Aksaray Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Biyokütle, termokimyasal dönüşüm yöntemleriyle sıvı, katı ve gaz ürünlere dönüştürülmektedir. Termokimyasal dönüşüm yöntemlerinden biri olan piroliz yönteminde, hammadde yüksek sıcaklıkta oksijensiz ortamda parçalanarak yeni ürünlere dönüşmektedir. Bu çalışmada hammadde kaynağı olarak Sinapis alba bitkisi kullanılmıştır. Piroliz prosesi öncesinde hammaddeye asidik (H2SO4, HCl), bazik (NaOH, KOH) ve hidrotermal (HTL) ön işlemleri uygulanmıştır. Piroliz denemeleri 350°C, 450°C ve 550°C sıcaklıklarda yürütülmüştür. Bir tanesi işlem görmemiş, beş tanesi işlem görmüş olmak üzere toplam altı farklı numune piroliz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sıvı ve katı ürünler elementel analiz, FT-IR, GC-MS,1H NMR, SEM analiz yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Yapılan denemeler sonucunda en yüksek sıvı ürün verimi 350°C'ta NaOH çözeltisiyle ön işleme tabi tutulmuş biyokütleden %16,65 oranında, en yüksek katı ürün verimi 350°C'ta işlem görmemiş hammadde tarafından %31,39 oranında sağlanmıştır. Elementel analiz sonuçlarına göre sıvı ürünlerde en yüksek enerji değeri hammaddede 24,039 Mj/kg, katı ürünlerde en yüksek enerji değeri NaOH çözeltisiyle muamele edilmiş biyokütlede 28,061 Mj/kg olarak bulunmuştur. GC-MS sonuçlarına göre elde edilen sıvı ürünler içerisinde genel olarak aromatik, alifatik ve oksijenli bileşiklerin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Biomass is converted into liquid, solid and gas products with thermochemical conversion methods. Pyrolysis is one of the thermochemical conversion methods which the raw material is transformed into new products by decomposing in oxygen-free environment at high temperature. In this study, Sinapis alba plant was used as a raw material source. Before the pyrolysis process, acidic (H2SO4, HCl), basic (NaOH, KOH) and hydrothermal (HTL) pre-treatment processes were applied to raw material. Pyrolysis experiments were carried out at 350°C, 450°C and 550°C. In total, six different samples were pyrolyzed, five of them were pre-treated and the one of them was untreated. The obtained liquid and solid products were analyzed by elemental analysis, FT-IR, GC-MS, 1H NMR, SEM analysis methods. As a result, the highest liquid product yield was observed at 350°C with %16,65 ratio for biomass which pre-treated with NaOH solution and the highest solid product yield at 350°C with %31,39 ratio was seen by raw substance. According to the elemental analysis results, the highest energy value for liquid products was found 24,039 Mj/kg in raw material, and the highest energy value for solid products was found 28,061 Mj/kg in the biomass pre-treated with NaOH solution. The aromatic, aliphatic and oxygenated compounds were detected in the obtained products, according to the GC-MS results.
Biomass is converted into liquid, solid and gas products with thermochemical conversion methods. Pyrolysis is one of the thermochemical conversion methods which the raw material is transformed into new products by decomposing in oxygen-free environment at high temperature. In this study, Sinapis alba plant was used as a raw material source. Before the pyrolysis process, acidic (H2SO4, HCl), basic (NaOH, KOH) and hydrothermal (HTL) pre-treatment processes were applied to raw material. Pyrolysis experiments were carried out at 350°C, 450°C and 550°C. In total, six different samples were pyrolyzed, five of them were pre-treated and the one of them was untreated. The obtained liquid and solid products were analyzed by elemental analysis, FT-IR, GC-MS, 1H NMR, SEM analysis methods. As a result, the highest liquid product yield was observed at 350°C with %16,65 ratio for biomass which pre-treated with NaOH solution and the highest solid product yield at 350°C with %31,39 ratio was seen by raw substance. According to the elemental analysis results, the highest energy value for liquid products was found 24,039 Mj/kg in raw material, and the highest energy value for solid products was found 28,061 Mj/kg in the biomass pre-treated with NaOH solution. The aromatic, aliphatic and oxygenated compounds were detected in the obtained products, according to the GC-MS results.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sinapis Alba, Piroliz, Biyoyağ, Biyoçar, Ön İşlemler, Pyrolysis, Bio-oil, Biochar, Pre-treatment Methods
