Karvakrol, timol ve küminaldehit' in Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 ile kontamine edilmiş kıyma örneklerinde doğal antimikrobiyel olarak tek tek ve kombine kullanımları durumunda koruyuculuklarının belirlenmesi
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Tarih
2024
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Aksaray Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Mevcut çalışmada, gıdalar üzerinde doğal antimikrobiyaller olarak kullanım potansiyelleri bulunan timol, karvakrol ve küminaldehitin nanoemülsiyonlarının Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 mikroorganizması ile kontamine edilmiş taze kırmızı et (kıyma) üzerindeki antimikrobiyal etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla Yanıt Yüzeyi Yöntemi Box-Behnken Tasarımı ile 4 faktör (karvakrol, timol, küminaldehit konsantrasyonları ve depolama günü) için 5 merkezi nokta kullanılarak deney planı yapılmıştır. Deney tasarımında belirlenen dozlardaki antimikrobiyaller önceden Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 ile inoküle edilmiş olan çiğ formdaki kıymalara eklenmiş ve buzdolabı koşullarında (+4 °C) 1., 15. ve 29. günlerde canlı mikroorganizma sayılarını belirlemek üzere test edilmiştir. Yapılan deney sonucunda karvakrol ve timolün kıymada bulunan E. coli ATCC 25922 suşuna karşı etkin olduğu gözlenirken küminaldehitin etkisiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca depolama süresi de E. coli ATCC 25922'in aktivitesi üzerine etkili bulunmuştur. Verilerin doğrusal modele uygunluk gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarında maksimum azalma görülen antimikrobiyallere (karvakrol, timol) baktığımızda ise hedef mikroorganizma üzerinde (E. coli ATCC 25922) 3 log ve üzerinde bir azalmanın sağlanabilmesi için bu antimikrobiyallerin toplamının 3750 ppm olmasının gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca yapılan optimizasyonda optimum koşullar hedeflenen mikrobiyal azalma (5 log) için karvakrol konsantrasyonu 2158,2 ppm, timol için 2227,95 ppm, küminaldehit için ihmal edilebilir küçüklükte ve depolama günü 22 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu koşullarda teorik olarak 4,97 değerinde olan bir azalma tahmin edilirken, doğrulama deneyleri sonucu bu değerin 5,22±1,32 log seviyesinde olan azalma şeklinde olduğunu göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda modelin optimum koşullardaki uyumluluk sonucu % 5 'lik bir hatayla sonuçlanmış olup model ile deneysel sonuçların uyumlu olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Hedef 22. günde (37 °C) sağlanmış olup modelin doğrulanması kanıtlanmıştır.
In the current study, the antimicrobial effects of nanoemulsions of thymol, carvacrol and cuminaldehyde, which have the potential to be used as natural antimicrobials on foods, were examined on fresh red meat (minced meat) contaminated with Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 microorganism. For this purpose, an experimental plan was made using the Response Surface Method Box-Behnken Design and five central points for four factors (carvacrol, thymol, cuminaldehyde concentrations and storage day). Antimicrobials at the doses determined in the experimental design were added to raw ground meat previously inoculated with Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and tested to determine the number of live microorganisms on the 1st, 15th and 29th days under refrigerator conditions (+4 °C). As a result of the experiment, it was determined that carvacrol and Thymol were effective against the E. coli ATCC 25922 strain found in ground meat, while cuminaldehyde was ineffective. Additionally, storage time was found to be effective on the activity of E. coli ATCC:25922. It was determined that the data conformed to the linear model. When we look at the antimicrobials (carvacrol, thymol) that showed maximum reduction in the analysis results, it was concluded that the total of these antimicrobials should be 3750 ppm in order to achieve a 3 log or more reduction on the target microorganism (E. coli ATCC 25922). In addition, in the optimization, the optimum conditions for the targeted microbial reduction (5 logs) were found to be 2158.2 ppm for carvacrol concentration, 2227.95 ppm for thymol, negligible for cumin aldehyde, and 22 storage days. While a theoretical decrease of 4.97 was predicted under these conditions, verification experiments showed that this value was a decrease of 5.22±1.32 log level. At the same time, the compatibility result of the model under optimum conditions resulted in an error of 5%, and it was determined that the model and experimental results were compatible. The target was achieved on the 22nd day (37 °C), proving the validity of the model.
In the current study, the antimicrobial effects of nanoemulsions of thymol, carvacrol and cuminaldehyde, which have the potential to be used as natural antimicrobials on foods, were examined on fresh red meat (minced meat) contaminated with Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 microorganism. For this purpose, an experimental plan was made using the Response Surface Method Box-Behnken Design and five central points for four factors (carvacrol, thymol, cuminaldehyde concentrations and storage day). Antimicrobials at the doses determined in the experimental design were added to raw ground meat previously inoculated with Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and tested to determine the number of live microorganisms on the 1st, 15th and 29th days under refrigerator conditions (+4 °C). As a result of the experiment, it was determined that carvacrol and Thymol were effective against the E. coli ATCC 25922 strain found in ground meat, while cuminaldehyde was ineffective. Additionally, storage time was found to be effective on the activity of E. coli ATCC:25922. It was determined that the data conformed to the linear model. When we look at the antimicrobials (carvacrol, thymol) that showed maximum reduction in the analysis results, it was concluded that the total of these antimicrobials should be 3750 ppm in order to achieve a 3 log or more reduction on the target microorganism (E. coli ATCC 25922). In addition, in the optimization, the optimum conditions for the targeted microbial reduction (5 logs) were found to be 2158.2 ppm for carvacrol concentration, 2227.95 ppm for thymol, negligible for cumin aldehyde, and 22 storage days. While a theoretical decrease of 4.97 was predicted under these conditions, verification experiments showed that this value was a decrease of 5.22±1.32 log level. At the same time, the compatibility result of the model under optimum conditions resulted in an error of 5%, and it was determined that the model and experimental results were compatible. The target was achieved on the 22nd day (37 °C), proving the validity of the model.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Escherichia Coli, Kırmızı Et, Karvakrol, Timol, Küminaldehit, Doğal Antimikrobiyaller, Yanıt Yüzey Yöntemi, Escherichia Coli, Red Meat, Carvacrol, Natural Antimicrobials, Response Surface Methodology, Thymol, Cuminaldehyde
