Cüveynî'ye göre irade
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Aksaray Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İslam düşünce tarihinde irade konusu temel olarak iki başlıkta incelenir: Birincisi Allah'ın iradesi, ikincisi ise insanın iradesidir. İlahi irade içerisinde insana ait bir iradenin varlığı meselesi kelamcılar arasında büyük tartışmalara neden olmuştur. Kelam ilminde ilahi irade, Allah'ın fiillerinde ve emirlerinde tamamıyla özgür ve hür olduğunu ifade etmekte olan bir yetkinlik olarak görülmektedir. İlahi iradenin insan iradesine bir tesiri olup olmadığı konusu tüm kelamcıların zihinlerini işgal etmiş sorgulamış ve bu konuda fikir beyan etmişlerdir. Bu durum, farklı kelam ekolleri arasında tartışmaya ve ilmi münakaşalara yol açmıştır. Tartışmalar sonucunda kelamcılar fikir ayrılığı ve ihtilafa düşmüşlerdir. Allah'a irade sıfatını nisbet etmekten kaçan Mutezile âlimleri, genel anlamda iradeyi, Allah'ın fiillerin maslahat ve mefsedet yönleriyle bilmesi şeklinde kabul etmiş, diğer taraftan bu görüşe karşı çıkan kelamcılar, ilahi iradenin ezeli sıfat olarak kabul edip Allah'ın mutlak kudret ve irade sahibi olması durumunu ispatlamaya çalışmışlar. İnsan iradesi de kelamcılar arasında ihtilaf konusu haline gelmiştir. Bazı kelamcılar insanın iradesini kabul ederken, bunların karşısında insanın hiçbir irade ve gücü olmadığını savunan kelamcılar da olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın giriş bölümünde İmam Cüveynî'nin hayatı, yaşadığı dönem, eserleri ve üzerinde yapılan çalışmalara yer verilmiştir. Birinci bölümde iradenin sözlük ve terim anlamları ve kelam ilminde ilahi irade ve insan iradesinin nasıl ele alındığı hakkında bilgi verildi. Tezimizin ana konusu teşkil eden ikinci bölümde ise Cüveynî'nin hem ilahi irade hem de insan iradesi konularını nasıl işlediği hakkında bilgi verildi.
In the history of Islamic thought, the subject of will is basically examined under two headings: The first is the will of God, and the second is the will of man. The issue of the existence of a human will within the divine will has caused great controversy among theologians. In the science of kalam, divine will is a competence expressing that Allah is completely free and free in his actions and orders. The issue of whether the divine will has an effect on the human will has occupied the minds of all theologians, questioned and expressed their opinions on this issue. This situation has led to debates and scientific disputes between different schools of kalam. As a result of the discussions, theologians fell into disagreement and disagreement. Mu'tazila scholars, who avoided attributing the attribute of will to Allah, generally used the will; Theologians, who accepted this as knowing the good and beneficial aspects of actions, on the other hand, tried to prove that Allah has absolute power and will by accepting the divine will as an eternal attribute. Human will has also become the subject of controversy among theologians. While some theologians accept the will of man, there are also some theologians who argue that man has no will and power against them. Our study consists of an introduction and two parts. In the introduction, Imam Juwayni's life, the period he lived, his works and studies on him are given. In the first chapter, information about the dictionary and term meanings of will and how divine will and human will are handled in the science of kalam are given. In the second part, which is the main subject of our thesis, information was given about how Cüveynî dealt with both divine will and human will.
In the history of Islamic thought, the subject of will is basically examined under two headings: The first is the will of God, and the second is the will of man. The issue of the existence of a human will within the divine will has caused great controversy among theologians. In the science of kalam, divine will is a competence expressing that Allah is completely free and free in his actions and orders. The issue of whether the divine will has an effect on the human will has occupied the minds of all theologians, questioned and expressed their opinions on this issue. This situation has led to debates and scientific disputes between different schools of kalam. As a result of the discussions, theologians fell into disagreement and disagreement. Mu'tazila scholars, who avoided attributing the attribute of will to Allah, generally used the will; Theologians, who accepted this as knowing the good and beneficial aspects of actions, on the other hand, tried to prove that Allah has absolute power and will by accepting the divine will as an eternal attribute. Human will has also become the subject of controversy among theologians. While some theologians accept the will of man, there are also some theologians who argue that man has no will and power against them. Our study consists of an introduction and two parts. In the introduction, Imam Juwayni's life, the period he lived, his works and studies on him are given. In the first chapter, information about the dictionary and term meanings of will and how divine will and human will are handled in the science of kalam are given. In the second part, which is the main subject of our thesis, information was given about how Cüveynî dealt with both divine will and human will.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İrade, Sıfat, Mutezile, Maslahat, Will, Adjective, Mutazilah, Maslahat
