Tekafûl sigortasının hukukî altyapısı: Türkiye ve Malezya özelinde mukayeseli bir inceleme
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Aksaray Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İslam dini insan hayatının her alanında olduğu gibi ekonomik alanda da toplum yararına olan çeşitli düzenlemeler ve kurallar koymuştur. Bu kuralların getirmiş olduğu yasakların başında da özellikle faiz ve kumar gelmektedir. Günümüzde sigorta sektörünün giderek gelişmesi ve çeşitlenmesiyle birlikte sigortaya duyulan ihtiyacın da artmasına binaen sigortanın İslam dininin yasaklamış olduğu bu unsurlarla olan ilişkisi de gündeme gelmiş ve sigortanın hükmü konusundaki tartışmalar artmıştır. Bu çalışmamızda sigorta ve tekafül sigortasının tanımı yapılmış benzerlik ve farklılıkları anlatılmış ortaya çıkış şekillerine değinilmiştir. Tekafül sigortasının işleyiş modelleri incelenmiş ve dini açıdan uygunlukları da değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm bunlardaki amaç ise günümüzde sigortaya duyulan ihtiyacın artmasıyla birlikte sigorta konusundaki dini açıdan şüphelerin giderilememiş olması nedeniyle devam eden tartışmalara katkıda bulunmak, dini hassasiyete sahip kişilerin ve İslam ülkelerinin sigortanın sağlamış olduğu güvenceye olan ihtiyacını karşılamak adına meseleye çözüm önerisi sunan tekafül sigortasının bilinirliliğine katkı sağlamaktır. Diğer yandan tekafül konusunda dünyada öncü olan ülkelerden olan Malezya örneği incelenerek ülkemizdeki mevcut durum ile mukayeseli değerlendirmesi yapılmış bu bağlamda sektörün gelişmesine yönelik Malezya'da uygulanmış ve olumlu sonuç alınmış olan ya da henüz denenmemiş yeni uygulama yöntemleri ile önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
The Islamic religion has established various regulations and rules that benefit society in the economic field as well as in all areas of its life. At the beginning of the prohibitions brought by these rules, especially interest and gambling. Today, with the increasing development and diversification of the insurance sector, the relationship of insurance with these elements prohibited by Islam has also come to the agenda due to the increase in the need for insurance, and the debates on the provision of insurance have increased. In this study, the similarities and differences of insurance and takaful insurance were defined, and the ways of their emergence were mentioned. The operating models of takaful insurance were examined and their religious suitability was also evaluated. The purpose of all this is to contribute to the ongoing debates due to the fact that the religious doubts about insurance have not been eliminated with the increase in the need for insurance today, and to contribute to the awareness of takaful insurance, which offers solutions to the issue in order to meet the need for the assurance provided by insurance by people with religious sensitivities and Islamic countries. On the other hand, the example of Malaysia, which is one of the leading countries in the world in the field of takaful, was examined and a comparative assessment was made with the current situation in our country and in this context, suggestions were made with new application methods that were applied in Malaysia for the development of the sector and which had received positive results or were not tried.
The Islamic religion has established various regulations and rules that benefit society in the economic field as well as in all areas of its life. At the beginning of the prohibitions brought by these rules, especially interest and gambling. Today, with the increasing development and diversification of the insurance sector, the relationship of insurance with these elements prohibited by Islam has also come to the agenda due to the increase in the need for insurance, and the debates on the provision of insurance have increased. In this study, the similarities and differences of insurance and takaful insurance were defined, and the ways of their emergence were mentioned. The operating models of takaful insurance were examined and their religious suitability was also evaluated. The purpose of all this is to contribute to the ongoing debates due to the fact that the religious doubts about insurance have not been eliminated with the increase in the need for insurance today, and to contribute to the awareness of takaful insurance, which offers solutions to the issue in order to meet the need for the assurance provided by insurance by people with religious sensitivities and Islamic countries. On the other hand, the example of Malaysia, which is one of the leading countries in the world in the field of takaful, was examined and a comparative assessment was made with the current situation in our country and in this context, suggestions were made with new application methods that were applied in Malaysia for the development of the sector and which had received positive results or were not tried.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sigorta, Tekafül, Katılım Sigortası, İslami Sigorta, Akile, Muvalat, Insurance, Islamic Insurance, Foundation, Power of Attorney, İnterest
