Hatîb el-Bağdâdî’ye Göre İctihad ve Taklid
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Aksaray Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Hatîb el-Bağdâdî (ö. 463/1071) hadis, usûl ve tarih alanında birçok eser telif eden; devrinin hadis otoriteleri arasında gösterilen önemli simalardan biridir. Kendisi Bağdat’ta doğmuş ve ilk ilim tahsiline burada başladıktan sonra ilim yolculuğuna çıkmış, İslam dünyasının farklı bölgelerine seyahat ederek birçok ilim merkezinden istifade etmiştir. Hatîb el-Bağdâdî muhaddis olması hasebiyle ehl-i hadis çizgisinde değerlendirilmektedir. Hatîb el-Bağdâdî aynı zamanda bir fakihtir ve usûl alanında yazdığı el-Fakîh ve’l-mütefakkîh adlı eserinde, muhaddis ve fakih kimliklerini uzlaştırmaya çalışmıştır. Çalışmamız bu eser özelinde onun ictihad ve taklide dair yaklaşımını konu almaktadır. Hatîb el-Bağdâdî’nin konuya dair yaklaşımı verilirken başta Şâfi‘î (ö. 204/820) olmak üzere özellikle de kendi çağdaşı Şâfiî usûlcülerinin yaklaşımlarına da yer verilecektir. Hatîb el-Bağdâdî’nin ictihad ve taklid konularında mensubu olduğu Şâfi‘î mezhebi çerçevesinde bir tavır takındığı usûlün kimi detay tartışmalarında ise net bir tavır sergilemediği görülmektedir. Onun ictihad ve taklid düşüncesinde başta Şâfi‘î olmak üzere Şâfiî usulcü ve fakihlerin etkisini görmek mümkündür. İctihadda hata ve isâbet konusunda kendilerini musîb kendilerine muhalif diğer ictihad veya görüşleri muhti olarak görmektedir. Hatîb el-Bağdâdî’ye göre hatalı olduğunu düşündüğü görüşle hüküm verilmesi engellenmelidir. O, fetvanın kabulü için müftüde ayrıca bülûğ şartını aramaktır. Onun muhti görüşle hüküm verilmesine karşı sergilediği engelleyici yaklaşımı ile müftüde buluğ şartını araması dikkat çekmektedir.
Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi (d. 463/1071) is an important figure who authored numerous works in the fields of hadith, usul, and history. He is considered one of the leading authorities on hadith during his time. Born in Baghdad, he began his scholarly pursuits there and embarked on a journey of knowledge, traveling to different regions of the Islamic world and benefiting from various centers of learning. Additionally, he was a faqih and attempted to reconcile his identities as a muhaddith and a faqih in his work titled “AlFaqih wal-Mutafakkir.” Our study focuses on her approach to ijtihad and taqlid in this work. While discussing Hatib al-Baghdadi’s approach, we will primarily examine the views of Shafi?i scholars, especially those of his contemporaries. It can be observed that Khatib al-Baghdadi’s approach to ijtihad and taqlid, within the framework of the Shafi?i school to which he belongs, does not exhibit a clear stance in certain detailed discussions of legal principles. His thoughts on ijtihad and taqlid are influenced by prominent Shafi?i jurists and usul scholars, particularly Imam Shafi?i himself. He considers other ijtihad or opinions contrary to his own as prone to error while regarding his own as correct. According to Hatib al-Baghdadi, it is necessary to prevent the implementation of an opinion that he deems to be incorrect. He also emphasizes the requirement of maturity (bulugh) as an additional condition for the acceptance of a fatwa by a mufti. His obstructive approach to the acceptance of a muhti opinion and his insistence on the condition of maturity in the mufti’s ruling are noteworthy aspects of his views.
Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi (d. 463/1071) is an important figure who authored numerous works in the fields of hadith, usul, and history. He is considered one of the leading authorities on hadith during his time. Born in Baghdad, he began his scholarly pursuits there and embarked on a journey of knowledge, traveling to different regions of the Islamic world and benefiting from various centers of learning. Additionally, he was a faqih and attempted to reconcile his identities as a muhaddith and a faqih in his work titled “AlFaqih wal-Mutafakkir.” Our study focuses on her approach to ijtihad and taqlid in this work. While discussing Hatib al-Baghdadi’s approach, we will primarily examine the views of Shafi?i scholars, especially those of his contemporaries. It can be observed that Khatib al-Baghdadi’s approach to ijtihad and taqlid, within the framework of the Shafi?i school to which he belongs, does not exhibit a clear stance in certain detailed discussions of legal principles. His thoughts on ijtihad and taqlid are influenced by prominent Shafi?i jurists and usul scholars, particularly Imam Shafi?i himself. He considers other ijtihad or opinions contrary to his own as prone to error while regarding his own as correct. According to Hatib al-Baghdadi, it is necessary to prevent the implementation of an opinion that he deems to be incorrect. He also emphasizes the requirement of maturity (bulugh) as an additional condition for the acceptance of a fatwa by a mufti. His obstructive approach to the acceptance of a muhti opinion and his insistence on the condition of maturity in the mufti’s ruling are noteworthy aspects of his views.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İslam Hukuku, Ehl-i Hadis, Hatîb el-Bağdâdî, İctihad, Taklid, Islamic Law, Ahl-i Hadith, Al-Khatib Al-Baghdadi, İjtihad, Taqlid
Kaynak
Mütefekkir
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
10
Sayı
19
