Türkiye’de katılım sigortacılığı ve gelişimi
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Date
2021
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Publisher
Erciyes Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Sigorta, insanoğlunun kendini güvende hissetme güdüsüyle doğmuştur. Yarınların ne türtehlikeler getireceğini kestiremeyen bireyler ve işletmeler, oluşacak bu risklere karşı kendileriniemniyete almak istemektedirler. Sigortacılık sistemi sayesinde gerçekleşmesi muhtemel ekonomikkayıplar asgari düzeyde tutulmaktadır. Ancak geliştirilen bu sigortacılığın temeli faizli bir modelüzerine kurulmuştur. Bu model garar (belirsizlik), riba (faiz), gabar (kumar), risk transferi, toplananprimlerinden faizli yatırım araçlarında değerlendirilmesi üzerine inşa edildiği için İslâm hukukuaçısından kabul görmemektedir. İslâm dünyasının ihtiyacına binaen farklı bir sisteme ihtiyaçduyulmuş ve alternatif bir model olarak faizden uzak, İslami usul ve prensiplere uygun bir şekildegeliştirilen alternatif sigortacılık sistemi olan katılım sigortacılığı geliştirilmiştir. Katılımsigortacılığı, İslami finans enstrümanlarından birisi olup İslam’ın temel prensiplerine uygun,tarafların risk paylaşımını dikkate alan; yardımlaşma, iş birliği ve dayanışma temelli bir sigortasistemidir.Son yıllarda gerek dünyada gerekse ülkemizde ciddi büyüme ivmesi yakalayan İslamifinans uygulamaları ve ürünlerinden katılım sigortacılığı, gün geçtikçe daha çok önemkazanmaktadır. Bu öneme binaen katılım sigortacılığa sektöründe faaliyet gösteren şirket sayısıartmış ve sektörün büyüme ivmesi hız kazanmıştır. Çalışmada; katılım sigortacılığı uygulamalarıhakkında genel bilgiler verilerek katılım sigortacılığının Türkiye’deki gelişim durumu ele alınmıştır.Böylece Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren katılım sigortacılığının mevcut durumuna ve gelişimineyönelik teorik bir çerçeve çizilmiştir.
Insurance is related to the motivation of human beings to feel safe. Individuals and businesses that cannot predict what dangers tomorrow will bring, they want to secure themselves against these risks. Thanks to the insurance system, possible economic losses are kept to a minimum. However, the basis of the developed insurance system is based on an interest rate model. This model is not accepted in terms of Islamic law, as it is built on the assessment of garar (uncertainty), riba (interest), gabar (gambling), risk transfer, premiums collected in interest-bearing investment instruments. Takaful Sector, which is an alternative model based on the needs of the Islamic world, developed as an away from interest rate and in accordance with Islamic procedures and principles. Takaful Sector one of the Islamic financing instruments and it is an insurance system that is in line with the basic principles of Islam, based on the risk sharing of the parties and solidarity. Takaful Sector, which is one of the Islamic finance products that have achieved a significant growth momentum both in the world and in our country, is gaining more importance day by day. Due to this importance, the number of companies operating in the participation insurance sector has increased and the growth momentum of the sector has accelerated. In the study, by giving general information about participation insurance sector, discussed development of Takaful Sector in Turkey. Thus it has been drawn a theoretical framework for the present situation and development of the Takaful Sector in Turkey.
Insurance is related to the motivation of human beings to feel safe. Individuals and businesses that cannot predict what dangers tomorrow will bring, they want to secure themselves against these risks. Thanks to the insurance system, possible economic losses are kept to a minimum. However, the basis of the developed insurance system is based on an interest rate model. This model is not accepted in terms of Islamic law, as it is built on the assessment of garar (uncertainty), riba (interest), gabar (gambling), risk transfer, premiums collected in interest-bearing investment instruments. Takaful Sector, which is an alternative model based on the needs of the Islamic world, developed as an away from interest rate and in accordance with Islamic procedures and principles. Takaful Sector one of the Islamic financing instruments and it is an insurance system that is in line with the basic principles of Islam, based on the risk sharing of the parties and solidarity. Takaful Sector, which is one of the Islamic finance products that have achieved a significant growth momentum both in the world and in our country, is gaining more importance day by day. Due to this importance, the number of companies operating in the participation insurance sector has increased and the growth momentum of the sector has accelerated. In the study, by giving general information about participation insurance sector, discussed development of Takaful Sector in Turkey. Thus it has been drawn a theoretical framework for the present situation and development of the Takaful Sector in Turkey.
Description
Keywords
Katılım Sigortacılığı, İslami Sigortacılık, Tekâfül Sigorta Sistemi, İslami Finans, İslamic Insurance, Islamic Finance, Takaful Sector
Journal or Series
Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi (Erciyes University Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences)
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Volume
-
Issue
58
