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Öğe A comprehensive analysis of histopathologic examination results of tonsillectomy specimens(Cureus, 2020) Kayabaşı, Serkan; Hızlı, Ömer; Çayır, Serkan; Ordu, MelikeThis study aims to review the histopathologic results of tonsillectomy specimens, determine the rates of the tonsillectomy indications, and investigate the characteristics of asymmetric hypertrophy. Materials and Methods Medical records of 484 patients who underwent tonsillectomy were reviewed retrospectively. Descriptive data of adult and pediatric patients were presented as percentage. Comparisons between asymmetric and symmetric hypertrophy groups were performed to determine the features of asymmetric hypertrophy.Öğe A histological and biochemical study of the protective role of hesperidin in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury(Ali Cangül, 2023) Akaras, Nurhan; Şimşek, Hasan; Ordu, MelikeThis study aimed to investigate the possible effects of hesperidin on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury applied to rat testis. Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were used and divided into four groups of seven each. Group 1: Sham surgery was performed on the right testis. Group 2: Hesperidin 100 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally to rats. Group 3: After 1 h of ischemia and 4 h of reperfusion, the testicles were removed. Group 4: 100 mg/kg hesperidin was given 30 min before reperfusion. Biochemical, immunohistochemical, and histopathological analyzes were performed on testicles obtained from each group. Results: Total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels increased significantly in the IR and IR-He groups (respectively, p=0.016, p=0.041; p=0.01, and p=0.024). TOS and OSI values in the hesperidin group decreased, although not statistically significant, compared to the IR group. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) values were decreased in the hesperidin group compared to the IR group, although it was not statistically significant. Caspase-3 levels in testicular tissue were significantly increased in the IR group compared to the hesperidin group (p<0.05). While there were degenerative changes in the testicular tissue in the IR groups, a decrease in bleeding, congestion, edema, and degenerative changes was observed in the hesperidin-administered groups. Conclusion: Hesperidin reduced oxidative stress (decreased total oxidant level and OSI), inflammation (TNF-?), and apoptosis (NF-kB and caspase-3). According to these results, it was observed that hesperidin application had a protective effect on IR injury.Öğe Age and peripheral blood values relationship evaluation of trichomonas vaginalis, candida, and gardnerella vaginalis frequency in cervicovaginal pap smear screening in Aksaray province(Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2024) Genç, Şerife Özlem; Ordu, MelikeThis study aimed to explore the correlation between causative agents of vaginitis detected in Pap smear screenings and various hematological indices, alongside the severity of infections observed in Pap smears. We analyzed 348 Pap smear results, which were categorized into normal and abnormal findings and further subdivided into groups based on the presence of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC), Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), and Trichomoniasis (TV). The degree of inflammation (mild, moderate, severe) was assessed in relation to hematological indices (Platelet Index Value (PIV), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio (LMR)), guided by the 2014 Bethesda System for evaluation. Out of 1654 patients screened, 348 met the inclusion criteria (253 aged below 45 years; 95 aged 45 years and above). In the under-45 age group, 83.3% had normal findings, with prevalence rates for VVC, BV, and TV at 73.4%, 60.2%, and 80.0%, respectively. In the over-45 group, these figures were 16.7% (normal), 26.6% (VVC), 39.8% (BV), and 20% (TV). The prevalence of moderate vaginitis in Pap smears was 45.3% for VVC, 96.1% for mild BV, and 53.3% for moderate TV. In cases of Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS), BV was predominant, while VVC and TV were absent in Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL) and High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL) cases. BV was present in 7.8% of normal smears. Significant associations were observed between hematological parameters and the severity of inflammation in the normal smear category (p<0.001). In squamous cell anomaly cases, especially ASCUS, differences in SII, NLR, PLR, SIRI, and PIV were noted between severe and mild infections, as well as between moderate and severe infection groups. This research underscores the linkage between the severity of infection and cellular abnormalities identified in cervical cytology, causative agents of vaginitis, and hematological indices with inflammatory parameters, potentially informing clinical management strategiesÖğe An ex vivo experimental study comparing the effects of the holmium: yttrium–aluminum-garnet and thulium fiber lasers on testicular tissue(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Karaaslan, Mustafa; Yılmaz, Mehmet; Ordu, Melike; Şirin, Mehmet EminThe effects of lasers on testicular tissue have not yet been investigated in detail. In this experimental ex vivo study, we aimed to demonstrate and compare the effects of the holmium:yttrium–aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) and thulium fiber laser (TFL) lasers on testicular tissue. An ex vivo experiment was performed using calf testes. A 100W Ho:YAG laser and a 60W TFL devices with a setting spectrum at 10–60W, a frequency of 20–40 Hz, energy levels at 0.5–1–1.5 J, and medium pulse duration were tested. Histopathological parameters such as Incision depth (ID), vaporization area (VA), coagulation area (CA), and total laser area (TLA = VA + CA) were evaluated. In testicular tissue without a tunica layer, a statistically significant difference was found in the mean VA and TLA values between the Ho:YAG and TFL, in favor of Ho:YAG (p = 0.003, p = 0.003, respectively). In testicular tissue with a tunica layer, there was a statistically significant difference in mean VA, CA, TLA, ID values between Ho:YAG and TFL, in favor of Ho:YAG (all p < 0.001). At 1.5 J–20 Hz and 1.5 J–40 Hz, we observed that the features indicating tissue dissection, such as VA and ID, were lower in the TFL than those in Ho:YAG, while CA values were higher. VA, CA, TLA, ID values were significantly increased in tissue with tunica compared to non-tunicated tissue in both the Ho:YAG and TFL applications. At 30W and 60W, the penetrative effect of the TFL on tissue was less than that of the Ho:YAG, but its coagulation property was superior. (Table presented.)Öğe Comparison of the effects of Ho: YAG laser virtual Basket™ pulse modulation and Thulium fiber laser on kidney tissue – an ex vivo experimental study(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Emin Şirin, Mehmet; Karaaslan, Mustafa; Ordu, Melike; Yılmaz, MehmetThrough an ex vivo experimental study, we aimed to compare the effects of the Ho: YAG laser Virtual Basket (VB™) modulation and a Thulium fiber laser (TFL) on kidney tissue in different environments and using laser configurations. The 100 W Ho: YAG (Cyber Ho, Quanta System, Italy) and 60 W TFL (Fiber Dust, Quanta System, Italy) laser devices were used. The following laser settings were selected: power in the range of 10–60 W, frequency of 20–40 Hz, and energy of 0.5–1–1.5 J. A medium pulse duration of 600 µsec was used for VB™, while short (spdTFL; 50 µsec) and long (lpdTFL; 15,000 µsec) were used for TFL. The tissue’s incision depth (ID), vaporization area (VA), coagulation area (CA), total laser area (TLA = VA + CA), surface section (SS), and lateral effect (LE) were measured. In total, 108 experiments were conducted. No statistically significant difference in mean VA, TLA, ID, LE, or SS was observed between VB™, spdTFL, and lpdTFL in the low-power output group in saline (p > 0.05). However, the mean CA was statistically significantly higher for VB™ (p = 0.005). In saline and high-power output group, the mean VA, CA, TLA, LE, and ID were higher when using lpdTFL than other pulse durations (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.006, and p = 0.001, respectively). Similar to lpdTFL, VB™ may provide controlled dissection and incision as well as haemostasis. At different laser settings, the individual effects of laser properties (such as pulse length, energy and frequency) on tissue may be more significant.Öğe Correlation of preliminary and histopathologic diagnosis of head and neck lesions(KBB-Forum, 2020) Funda, Kemeriz; Kayabaşı, Serkan; Çayır, Serkan; Hızlı, Ömer; Ordu, Melike; Emiroğlu, NazanObjective: This study aimed at investigating the correlation between preliminary diagnosis and pathological diagnosis of head and neck lesions after dermoscopic examination and excisional biopsy. Methods: We included 89 patients with head and neck lesions admitted to dermatology outpatient clinic. The correlation between preliminary diagnoses and pathology results of head and neck lesions were evaluated. Results: Lesions in 22 of 89 patients (24.7%) were melanocytic and 67 of 89 patients (75.3%) were nonmelanocytic. The number ofpreliminary diagnosis of all patients was no more than three. The clinicopathological correlation rate was 78.65% (70 patients) for the first preliminary diagnosis, 34.83% (31 patients) for the second preliminary diagnosis and 7.86% (7 patients) for the third preliminary diagnosis. Initial preliminary diagnosis and pathological diagnosis were found different in 13 cases. In 3 cases, nodular lesions were excised considering skin malignancy clinically and dermoscopically, but the histopathological results were reported as benign lesions. Conclusion: We think that the cooperation of clinicians and pathologists can increase the exact pathological diagnosis rate andclinicopathological correlation.Öğe Could Testicular Tissue Be a New Arena for the Holmium Laser(Cureus, 2023) Karaaslan, Mustafa; Yılmaz, Mehmet; Ordu, Melike; Şirin, Mehmet EminIntroductionWe aimed to observe the effects of holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser on testicular tissue.MethodsAn ex vivo experiment was conducted using calf testicles. A 100 W laser generator with broad-spectrum settings of 10-80 W, 20-40 Hz, and 0.5-2 1, with a medium pulse duration, was tested. The laser effects on testicular tissues with and without the tunica layer were evaluated histopathologically by calculating the incision depth (ID), vaporization area (VA), coagulation area (CA), and total laser area (TLA=VA+CA) of the specimens.ResultsA total of 48 experiments were conducted. In testicular tissue without a tunica layer, the highest mean ID was determined at 1 1-20 Hz (0.247-0.0208 mm) and with a tunica layer at 2 1-40 Hz (2.673-0.032 mm). In the testicular tissue without a tunica layer, the highest mean VA was determined at 1.5 1-40 Hz (0.029-0.0016 mm(2)) and in tissue with a tunica at 2 1-40 Hz (6.173-0.114 mm(2)). The highest mean TLA in tissue without a tunica was detected at 2 1-20 Hz (0.038-0.0008 mm(2)) and in tissue with a tunica at 2 1-40 Hz (7.292-0.07 mm(2)). The mean ID, VA, CA, and TLA values of all the power outputs used were found to be statistically significantly higher in the testicular tissue with the tunica layer than in that without it (p<0.001).ConclusionThe Ho:YAG laser has different effects on testicular tissue with and without a tunica layer. In testicular tissue without a tunica, the laser's effect was minimal on the surrounding tissue, especially in terms of the ID, VA, and TLA. This minimal effect of the laser can be an advantage in testicular surgery procedures such as testis -sparing surgery (TSS) or testicular sperm extraction (TESE).Öğe Effect of Ho:YAG laser on kidney tissue with Virtual Basket™ and Bubble Blast™ pulse modulation: an experimental ex vivo study(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Şirin, Mehmet Emin; Karaaslan, Mustafa; Ordu, Melike; Yılmaz, MehmetThere is a lack of studies in the literature on effects of Virtual Basket™ (VB) and Bubble Blast™ (BB) laser pulse modulations of the Ho:YAG laser on tissue. We aimed to compare the effects of standard modulation (SM), VB, and BB pulse modulations of Ho:YAG laser on kidney tissue. Methods: An ex vivo experiment was conducted using veal kidneys. The Quanta System Cyber Ho 100W laser generator with a broad setting spectrum at 15–80 W, 10–40 Hz, 1.5–2 J, and medium pulse duration were tested. Incision depth (ID), vaporization area (VA), coagulation area (CA), and total laser area (TLA = VA + CA) were evaluated. Histopathological measurement outcomes were grouped as a low-power group (15, 20, and 30 W) and a high-power group (40, 60, and 80 W) according to the power outputs used. Results: A total of 108 experiments were performed. In saline and high-power output (40, 60, 80 W), mean VA, TLA, and ID, histopathological measurements were higher in BB pulse modulation than VB and SM pulse modulations (p: 0.03, p: 0.001, and p: 0.003, respectively). In contrast, mean CA and LE measurements were higher in SM than in VB and BB pulse modulations (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in mean histopathological measurements of VA, CA, TLA, and ID, among SM, VB, and BB pulse modulations in the low-power output group in saline (p > 0.05). Conclusion: VB can allow controlled dissection, as it does not create a large VA during surgical procedures. BB should be used in a controlled manner in soft tissue surgery due to its strong effect on tissues.Öğe Expression of nectin-4 in prostate cancer(Expression of nectin-4 in prostate cancer, 2023) Ordu, Melike; Karaaslan, Mustafa; Şirin, Mehmet Emin; Yılmaz, MehmetNectin-4 is a transmembrane protein belonging to the nectin family of immunoglobulin-like molecules which is found in the placenta and trachea under physiological conditions and its expression has been shown in many cancer types. We aimed to investigate for the 1st time nectin-4 expression in human prostate cancer tissues. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the prostate pathology specimens of 82 patients who underwent initial transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy or transurethral prostate resection and were found to have atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP) and incidentally prostate cancer. Tissue samples with prostatic cancer were used as a control for alpha-methyla-cyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), and benign prostatic glands in the same tissue provided the negative control. The intensity and extent of nectin-4 expression were determined microscopically using the histochemical scoring system which was defined as the product of the staining intensity (score: 0–3) and percentage of stained cells (0–100) at a given intensity. RESULTS: We conducted immunohistochemical analysis of nectin-4 and AMACR expression in all 82 samples. While AMACR expression was positive in prostate cancer tissues with a GS of <7 (n=24, 100%), 7 (n=18, 100%), and ?8 (n=15, 100%), it was negative in all ASAP samples (n=25, 100%) (p<0.001). Nectin-4 expression was not detected in any of the GS <7, GS 7, or GS ?8 samples but was found in benign prostatic gland tissues and all 25 (100%) ASAP samples (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: We found that nectin-4 was not expressed in prostate cancer tissues but was expressed in ASAP-and benign prostate gland containing tissues. We believe that prospective studies with more patients and samples including radical pros-tatectomy materials will reveal the relationship between nectin-4 and prostate cancer more clearly.Öğe Extra-Articular nonhemophilic hemosiderotic synovitis of the hand: A case report(World Scientific, 2021) Çapkın, Sercan; Ordu, Melike; Güler, Serkan; Ozmanevra, RamadanHemosiderotic synovitis is a rare distinctive type of synovial proliferative disorder. Hemosiderotic synovitis develops in men with hemophilia who are at risk of hemarthrosis, especially of the knees, associated with severe degenerative articular cartilage disease. It appears to be exceedingly rare in individuals without hemophilia and has been reported in case reports. We describe a case of trauma-related nonhemophilic hemosiderotic synovitis, located in the hand in an otherwise healthy young male construction worker, with no systemic illness, inflammatory arthritis, or any bleeding disorder. We report the first case of nonhemophilic hemosiderotic synovitis located in the hand. To the best of our knowledge, a case of extra-articular nonhemophilic hemosiderotic synovitis has not been previously described in the literature.Öğe Isolation of Cystic Echinococcosis Causative Agents of Echinococcus equinus and Echinococcus ortleppi Species from Humans in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkiye(Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2023) Eroğlu, Fadime; Ordu, MelikeCystic Echinococcosis (CE) caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu strico is neglected in Turkiye de-spite being one of the common diseases due to agriculture being at the forefront, low socioeconomic status and unhygienic animal slaughter. Considering the morbidity, mortality, and difficulties in treatment, more studies and precautions are needed regarding this disease. In this study, it was aimed to genotype Echinococcus isolated from CE patients in the Central Anatolia region. DNA isolation from tissue samples taken from 60 CE patients was performed using the QIAamp DNA FFPE tissue kit. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit gene region of Echinococcus was targeted and JB3/JB4.5 primers were used for genotyping. Poly-merase chain reaction (PCR) products were purified according to the instructions for use of the QIAquick PCR purification kit. PCR products were prepared using the ABI Prism BigDye Terminator V3.1 Cycle sequencing kit and the nucleotide sequences in the samples were evaluated with the ABI 3100 sequenc-ing device. The nucleotide sequences obtained in the study were analyzed using MetaPIGA2, MRBAYES v.3.1.2, phyogenetic analysis using parsimony, Unigen programs, maximum likelihood, Bayesian and par-simony methods. It has been found that 88.4% (53/60) of Echinococcus isolates were E.granulosus s.s. in this study. It has been genotyped as 41.7% (25/60) G1, 30.0% (18/60) G3 and 16.7% (10/60) G2 geno-type. It has been determined that 6.6% (4/60) of the other Echinococcus isolates were E.equinus and 5.5% (3/60) were E.ortleppi. It was observed that E.equinus and E.ortleppi were isolated from atypically located cysts and from those living in rural areas. The E.equinus and E.ortleppi species were not found in CE patients living in urban areas. CE cases are common in the Central Anatolia region due to dog and cattle breeding, and the disease agent Echinococcus species vary. Genotyping of Echinococcus species is effective in the de-velopment of CE treatment and control strategies. Study results can play an active role in the fight against CE, which has formed the basis of the "one health" approach in the world and in Turkiye in recent years.Öğe Kulak heliksinde hmb-45 negatif dev kutanöz anjiomyolipom olgu sunumu ve literatür taraması(Aksaray Üniversitesi, 2021) Ordu, MelikeAnjiomyolipom (AML), genellikle böbrekte tek veya multipl kitle olarak görülen, değişen oranlarda düz kas, yağ ve kan damar komponentleri olan bir tümördür. AML, %20 oranında tüberoskleroz (TBC) ile ilişkili olabilen böbrekte görülen en sık benign tümördür. TBC ilişkili tümörler genellikle bilateral olma eğilimindedir. Böbrek dışı AML vakaları oldukça nadirdir ve genellikle karaciğer, nasal kavite, kalp, akciğer ve deride tariflenmiştir. Kutanöz AML’ler çoğunlukla soliter, invazyon göstermeyen, TBC ilişkisi olmayan, eksizyonel olarak çıkarılması yeterli vakalardır. Bugüne kadar İngiliz literatüründe 21 kutanöz AML vakası bildirilmiştir. 50 yaşında erkek hastamızda kulak heliksinde belirgin bulgusu olmayan, uzun süredir var olan, soliter nodül şeklinde kitle kozmetik nedenlerle çıkarılan ve kutanöz AML tanısı alan vakamızı, nadir bir lokalizasyon ve büyüklüğü sebebiyle sunmak istedik.Öğe Omalizumab induced lichenoid drug eruption triggered by sun exposure(Blackwell Publishing Inc., 2020) Kemeriz, Funda; Acar, Emine Müge; Ordu, MelikeDear Editor Omalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against human immunoglobulin E that is mainly indicated in asthma, allergic rhinitis, chronic spontaneous urticaria and is being increasingly used for other dermatological diseases, including atopic dermatitis, mastocytosis, hyper-IgE syndrome, and bullous pemphigoid.1,2 Rare cutaneous side effects, such as itching, skin rash, urticaria, and photosensitivity, have been reported to be associated with omalizumab use.Öğe Pilonidal disease specimens of 905 patients revealed no malignancy, however we still insist on histopathological examination(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2020) Yüksel, Mehmet Eren; Ordu, MelikeAim: Pilonidal disease presents with acute abscess, sinuses, pits and scarring in the sacrococcygeal region. Surgical intervention is one of the treatment options of pilonidal disease. However, it has been a matter of debate, whether histological analysis of surgically resected pilonidal disease specimens would be necessary. Material and Methods: Medical records of the patients with pilonidal disease who underwent either primary excision and closure or modified Limberg flap surgery were reviewed retrospectively. The results of the histopathological examination of the pilonidal disease specimens were evaluated. Results: This study included 905 patients (686 male and 219 female) with pilonidal disease who were treated with surgical intervention. The mean age of the patients was 23.96±7.5 years. All surgically excised pilonidal disease specimens of the patients were histopathologically evaluated in order to rule out malignancy. No malignancy was detected. Conclusion: We conducted a Pubmed search with the term “pilonidal” between January 2000 and March 2019. We identified 91 patients with malignant degeneration arising on pilonidal disease in the English medical literature. The most common pilonidal disease associated malignancy was squamous cell carcinoma. Even it is rare, malignancy may accompany pilonidal disease. Therefore, even we have not encountered any malignancy in 905 patients with pilonidal disease, we still insist on histopathological examination of all surgically resected pilonidal disease specimens in order to rule out malignancy.Öğe Prevalence, distribution, and prognostic significance of morphological variants of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract - a multicenter study(Versalius University Medical Publisher, 2024) Akay, Ebru; Ordu, Melike; Çoban, Ganime; Darakcı, Seher; Topaloğlu, Nahit; Taştekin, Filiz Meral; Ekinci, Büşra; Şahin, Nurhan; Gucin, Zuhal; Karaman, HaticeThe incidence and prevalence of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) in many organs are increasing. Although such NENs have similar grades, they may exhibit quite different behaviors. In this multicenter study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of different morphological NEN variants in the non-pancreatic gastrointestinal (GI) tract and determine whether they can guide prognosis prediction. Two hundred and fifty-six patients diagnosed with NENs originating from the GI tract from 7 different centers were included in the study. In 89 (36.6%) cases, different morphological variants were detected. When the variants were grouped according to their aggressiveness as described in the literature, a statistically significant relationship between aggressiveness and the variables organ and age was found ( p < 0.05). The oncocytic variant was found to metastasize more than the other aggressive types (42.9%). The paraganglioma-like variant was found to have a smaller size, lower proliferation index, and a more benign clinical course. This study demonstrated that well-differentiated GI neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) have considerable morphological diversity. Generally, case reports of rare morphological variants of GI-NETs are available in the literature. We believe that our study contributes to a better understanding of the prevalence, localization, and significance of morphological variations in GI-NETs.Öğe The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on acute appendicitis and negative laparotomy(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2023) Öztürk, Ayşe Betül; Kılıçaslan, Cengiz; Tuncer, Sibel Çiğdem; Ordu, MelikeEmergency service referrals frequently depend on non-urgent problems which are easy to solve without emergency services. Emergency services should be used effectively to raise service quality, patient and personnel satisfaction. Approximately %30 of emergency service referrals are pediatric patients. Covid-19 pandemia affecting the whole world, caused a decrease in non-covid patient emergency service referral numbers, consequently medically non-emergent patient numbers decreased too. Although the number of patients with a prediagnosis of acute appendicitis did not decrease during the pandemic, negative laparotomy rates decreased due to the effective use of emergency services. Material and Method: In this study we compared patients with prediagnosis of acute appendicitis and undergone appendectomy in our pediatric emergency service between 1 March-1 September 2019 and 1 March-1 September 2020. Patient records were evaluated retrospectively. Histopathological diagnoses were accepted as the gold standard. Result: Decreasing referrals of medically non-emergent patients to emergency services during pandemic led to improvement in service quality, so negative laparotomy rates declined. Looking at the literature, negative laparatomy rates of pediatric patients with the pre-diagnosis of acute appendicitis are 8-30%. In the 6-month period in 2019 negative laparotomy rate of our clinic found as 11.2%. When we examine the 6-month data of 2020 during pandemic we noticed that this rate declined to 2.8%. There was also a statistically significant difference between 2019 and 2020 in terms of the length of stay in the hospital. Conclusions: Because of the decrease in referral numbers of medically non-emergent patients to emergency services during pandemic, much more qualified and scientific service was provided. Community education considering emergency service referral indications could reduce workload density and enhance service quality of emergency services.Öğe The prognostic effect of immunohistochemical staining rates in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Demirci, Aykut; Ordu, MelikeContext: Despite the follow-up protocols developed in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients, progression and recurrence could not be prevented. Aims: We aimed to investigate whether proteins such as OCT-4, CD47, p53, Ki-67, and Survivin, which increase in bladder cancer cells, can be used as prognostic markers for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Settings and Design: The study included a total of 89 patients with newly diagnosed non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer between January 2015 and December 2020. Materials and Methods: Levels of OCT-4, CD47, p53, Kİ-67, and Survivin proteins in cancer cells were determined with a semi-quantitative immunohistochemical experiment. Pathological data and survival rates were compared according to the staining rates. Statistical Analysis Used: Data obtained in the study were analyzed statistically with SPSS 22.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The mean age of the patients was 64.25 ± 9.91 years, and the median follow-up period was 55 months. Recurrence rate was determined to be 36% (n = 32), and the rate of progression at 40.4% (n = 36). The staining rates were stronger for each marker in the progression group and advanced-stage tumors (p < 0.001). The findings of the multivariate analysis carried out as part of the study showed that older age and higher tumor stage were independent risk factors for recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.048 and 7.074, respectively; P = 0.02). Also, higher tumor stages, diameters, and grades were associated with reduced progression-free survival (HR = 0.105, 0.395, 0.225, respectively; P < 0.05). Conclusions: Although immunohistochemical staining rates are promising, it is more appropriate to use tumor characteristics when assessing survival rate in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Öğe Türkiye’nin İç Anadolu Bölgesindeki İnsanlardan Kistik Ekinokokkoz Etkeni Echinococcus equinus ve Echinococcus ortleppi Türlerinin İzole Edilmesi(Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi, 2023) Eroğlu, Fadime; Ordu, MelikeEchinococcus granulosus sensu strico’nun neden olduğu kistik ekinokokkoz (KE) hastalığı, tarımın ön planda olması, sosyo-ekonomik durumun düşük olması ve hijyenik şartlarda olmayan hayvan kesimleri nedeniyle Türkiye’de çok sık görülen hastalıklardan biri olmasına rağmen ülkede ihmal edilmektedir. Has- talığın morbiditesi, mortalitesi ve tedavisinde yaşanan zorluklar göz önüne alındığında bu hastalıkla ilgili daha fazla çalışmalar yapılmasına ve önlemler alınmasına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada İç Anadolu bölgesindeki KE hastalarından izole edilen Echinococcus izolatlarını genotiplendirmek amaçlanmıştır. KE tanısı almış 60 hastadan alınan doku örneklerinden DNA izolasyonu QIAamp DNA FFPE doku (Qiagen, Hilden, Almanya) kiti kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Genotiplendirme için Echinococcus parazitinin cytochrome c oxidase subunit gen bölgesi hedef alınmış, JB3 ve JB4.5 primerleri kullanılmıştır. Polimeraz zincir reaksiyo- nu [polymerase chain reaction (PCR)] ürünleri QIAquick PCR pürifikasyon kitinin (Qiagen, Hilden, Alman- ya) kullanma talimatlarına göre saflaştırılmıştır. PCR ürünleri ABI Prism BigDye Terminator V3.1 Cycle se- quencing kiti (ThermoFisher Scientific, Litvanya) kullanılarak hazırlanmış ve örneklerdeki nükleotit dizileri ABI 3100 (Applied Biosystems, Birleşik Devletler) dizi analizi cihazı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen nükleotit dizileri, MetaPIGA2, MRBAYES v.3.1.2, “phyogenetic analysis using parsimony (PAUP v.4.0b10)”, Unigen programları, maksimum likelihood (ML), Bayesian (BI) ve parsimoni (P) yöntemleri kullanılarak filogenetik analiz yapılmıştır. Echinococcus izolatlarının %88.4 (53/60)’ünün E.granulosus s.s. olduğu bunların ise %41.7 (25/60)’sinin genotip 1, %30 (18/60)’unun genotip 3, %16.7 (10/60)’si- nin ise genotip 2 genotipinde olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmadaki diğer Echinococcus izolatlarının %6.6 (4/60)’sının E.equinus ve %5.5 (3/60)’inin E.ortleppi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. E.equinus ve E.ortleppi’nin atipik yerleşimli kistlerden ve kırsal bölgelerde yaşayan insanlardan izole edildiği görülmüştür. Kentsel böl- gelerde yaşayan KE hastalarında E.equinus ve E.ortleppi türlerine rastlanmamıştır. İç Anadolu bölgesinde köpek ve büyükbaş hayvancılık yetiştiriciliğine bağlı olarak KE olguları yaygın olup hastalık etkeni Echino- coccus türleri çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Echinococcus türlerinin genotiplendirilmesi KE tedavisi ve kontrol stratejilerinin gelişmelerinde etkilidir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları son yıllarda dünyada ve Türkiye’de “tek sağlık” anlayışının temelini oluşturan KE mücadelesinde etkin rol oynabilir.Öğe Two years of experience related to pityriasis rosea patients from Turkey: Where to place allergy topics in the pathogenesis?(Aksaray Üniversitesi, 2024) Acar, Emine Müge; Kemeriz, Funda; Ordu, Meliked autoimmunity are suspected to play a role in the etiopathogenesis. The study was designed to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics and underlying etiologic factors associated with PR. It was also aimed to evaluate the relationship between PR and history of atopy and allergen exposure. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: The study included 170 patients diagnosed with PR between 2018 and 2020. Age and gender-matched 170 healthy participants participated in the study. Comorbidities, occupations, etiological factors, atopy history and the histopathological features of the biopsy specimens of the patients were also recorded. Results: Results: The mean age of the patients was 27.8±1.04, the mean disease duration was 29.3±5.24 days. Stress was the most common triggering factor (44.1%) followed by infections (33.5%). Twenty-six patients (15.2%) had gardening history that brought them in contact with plants. The number of cases describing stress was significantly higher than control group (p<0.001) . 28 patients (16.4%) had a history of atopy. Between the groups, atopy frequency was not statistically significantly different (p=0.765). Nonetheless, atopy frequency was significantly higher in patients who had PR recurrence than the patients without recurrence (p=0.002). Relatively higher numbers of eosinophils were seen in the histology of the patients describing a history of plant contact (p<0.001). Conclusion: Although PR was found most frequently associated with stress and upper respiratory tract infections in this study, it should be considered that allergen exposure may be a crucial triggering factor in patients with PR who have chronic progression and recurrence.
