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Öğe Antibacterial agent loaded fungal polymer for use as a wound dressing(Hacettepe Üniversitesi, 2011) Güven, Eylem; Şam, Mesut; Erdal, Ebru; Karahaliloğlu, Zeynep; Candan, Dilek; Sağlam, Necdet; Denkbaş, Emir BakiThis study is mainly concerned with the preparation and characterization of a novel wound dressing, in the form of three-dimensional micro-porous structure, from extracellular polysaccharide produced by Trametes Versicolor, a white-rot basidiomycete. A model antibiotic (i.e., ciprofloxacin) was loaded into these wound dressings in the preparation procedure. The prepared wound dressings were investigated and evaluated in four main sections. In the first part, morphological evaluations were made by using scanning electron microscopy and the obtained images revealed that the wound dressings were having highly porous structure with interconnected pores. Antibacterial agent loaded-wound dressings were also investigated with swelling behavior, in vitro drug release and biodegradation studies. Obtained results showed that wound dressings from fungal polymer including antibacterial agent could provide great potential in the treatment of dermal wounds as a new kind of wound dressing material.Öğe Bioremediation applications with fungi(SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, 2018) Sağlam, Necdet; Yeşilada, Özfer; Sağlam, Semran; Apohan, Elif; Şam, Mesut; İlk, Sedef; Emul, Ezgi; Gürel, Ekrem; Prasad, R[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Characterization and optimization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) produced by bacteria isolated from hydrocarbon polluted soil(Elsevier Science Bv, 2012) Güngörmedi, Gökhan; Demirbilek, Murat; Çabuk, Ahmet; Mutlu, Mehmet Burçin; Şam, Mesut; Denkbaş, Emir Baki[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Dephenolization of olive mill wastewater by pellets of some white rot fungi(Hacettepe Üniversitesi, 2011) Aytar, Pınar; Gedikli, Serap; Çelikdemir, Meltem; Uzuner, Süleyman; Farizoglu, Burhanettin; Şam, Mesut; Çabuk, Ahmet; Sağlam, NecdetBu çalışmada bazı beyaz çürükçül fungusların gelişen hücrelerinin fenol giderim etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Deneyler, Trametes versicolor ATCC200801, Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME446 ve Pleurotus ostreatus kullanılarak hem zeytin kara suyu ortamında hem de besin içeren zeytin kara suyu ortamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Belirlenen fenol giderimi ile inkübasyon süresi sonunda ölçülen hücre dışı enzim aktivitesi arasında bir ilişki kurulabilmiştir. Bu nedenle enzimatik fenol giderimi deneyleri de gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hücresel fenol giderimi ile ilgili olarak en uygun suş; T.versicolor ATCC200801, optimum inkübasyon süresi; 9 gün, zeytin kara suyu dilüsyonu; %15, yetiştirilen ortam; besin eklemeksizin zeytin kara suyu ortamı olarak seçilmiştir. Bu çalışmada adaptasyon basamağı, ön işlem ve besin eklemeye ihtiyaç duyulmadan %97 fenol giderimi elde edilmiştir. Zeytin kara suyu ile ilgili yapılmış önceki çalışmalarda elde edilen bu bulgulara rastlanılmamıştır.Öğe Innovation of strategies and challenges for fungal nanobiotechnology(Springer, 2016) Sağlam, Necdet; Yeşilada, Özfer; Çabuk, Ahmet; Şam, Mesut; Sagğam, Semran; İlk, Sedef; Emül, Ezgi; Çelik, Pınar Aytar; Gürel, Ekrem; Prasad, RNanotechnology involves the study and use of materials under the 100 nm scale, exploiting the different physiochemical properties exhibited by these materials at the nanoscale level. Microorganisms are the best model and role of action for the nano/biotechnological applications. This technology has become increasingly important for the biotechnology and the related sectors. Promising applications have been already employed in the areas of drug delivery systems using bioactive nanoencapsulation, biosensors to detect and quantify pathogens, chemical and organic compounds, alteration of food compositions, and high-performance sensors and film to preserve fruits and vegetables. Moreover, the taste of food and food safety can be improved by new nano-materials from the microbiological sources. The huge benefits from this technology have led to increases in the market investments in nanoscience and nanoproducts in several areas.Öğe Lantibiotics nanotechnology, bioengineering, and biotechnology(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021) Şam, Mesut; Sağlam, Semran; Altındağ, Serap; Köse, Kazım; Emül, Ezgi; Uzun, Lokman; Sağlam, NecdetThe term “antibiotics” refers to antibacterial agents synthesized by certain lactic bacteria. These microorganisms produce antibiotics to prevent pathogens from settling in the same environment and to prevent pathogens’ nourishment. Lantibiotics are antimicrobial peptides produced by most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. These bacteriosins are called LANTIBIOTIC and present themselves as an interesting addition to the “traditional” antimicrobials when the use of antibiotic resistance is compromised. Bacteriocins are antimicrobial components of protein structure that are synthesized and secreted by bacteria. Inhibition effects are observed mostly on neighbor species. Although there are many varieties with different properties, nisin, which is obtained from lactic acid bacteria, is safely and widely used in foods. Thus, knowing the properties of other bacteriocins along with nisin may enable the effective use of these antimicrobial agents in many food products.Öğe Plasma polymerization-modified bacterial polyhydroxybutyrate nanofibrillar scaffolds(Wiley-Blackwell, 2013) Karahaliloğlu, Zeynep; Demirbilek, Murat; Şam, Mesut; Erol-Demirbilek, Melike; Sağlam, Necdet; Denkbaş, Emir BakiThe design and the development of novel scaffold materials for tissue engineering have attracted much interest in recent years. Especially, the prepared nanofibrillar scaffold materials from biocompatible and biodegradable polymers by electrospinning are promising materials to be used in biomedical applications. In this study, we propose to produce low-cost and cell-friendly bacterial electrospun PHB polymeric scaffolds by using Alcaligenes eutrophus DSM 545 strain to PHB production. The produced PHB was characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated via electrospinning method that has a fiber diameter approximately 700800 nm. To investigate cell attachment, cell growth, and antioxidant enzyme activity on positively and negatively charged PHB scaffold, PHB surface was modified by plasma polymerization technique using polyethylene glycol (PEG) and ethylenediamine (EDA). According to the results of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity study, PEG-modified nanofibrillar scaffolds indicated more cellular resistance against oxidative stress compared to the EDA modification. As can be seen in cell proliferation results, EDA modification enhanced the cell proliferation more than PEG modification, while PEG modification is better as compared with nonmodified scaffolds. In general, through plasma polymerization technique, surface modified nanofibrillar structures are effective substrates for cell attachment and outgrowth. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013Öğe Preparation and characterization of magnetically responsive bacterial polyester based nanospheres for cancer therapy(Amer Scientific Publishers, 2012) Erdal, Ebru; Kavaz, Doğa; Şam, Mesut; Demirbilek, Murat; Demirbilek, Melike Erol; Sağlam, Necdet; Denkbaş, Emir BakiPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are natural, thermoplastic polyesters and due to their biocompatible and biodegradable properties they are good alternatives for the production of scaffolds for engineered tissues or nanoparticles for drug delivery. As a member of polyhydroxyalkanoate family, polyhydroxybutyrates (PHB) have been widely used as a biomaterial for in vitro and in vivo studies since their mechanical properties are very similar to conventional plastics. By using multi-emulsion technique, iron oxide particles were coated with polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) polymer synthesized from Alcaligenes eutrophus bacteria and the magnetic carrier system was prepared accordingly. The bare nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles were morphologically, structurally and magnetically characterized by using Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Atomic force microscope (AFM); Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) techniques, respectively. Particle size of PHB nanoparticles was determined by Zeta Sizer. It was found that the smallest particles were in the range of 239,43+/-5,25 nm in diameter. Concanavalin-A (Con-A) was used for targeting the Cancer cells while etoposide was used as drug. Con-A and etoposide were loaded onto the particles. Release studies of etoposide were evaluated and the system was optimized for the further in vivo applications. Finally different formulation magnetic PHB nanoparticles cytotoxicity were evaluated in cell culture studies and used He La cell line (cervical cancer cells) as a cancer cells and L929 cells (mouse fibroblast cells) as a non-cancer cell line.Öğe Removal of reactive dyes using magnetically separable trametes versicolor cells as a new composite biosorbent(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2014) Cengiz, Gürhan; Aytar, Pınar; Şam, Mesut; Çabuk, AhmetMagnetically modified Trametes versicolor cells were used for biosorption of Reactive Blue 13 (RB13), Reactive Yellow 85 (RY85) and Reactive Violet 1 (RV1). Percent biosorption values and maximum adsorption capacities of 98.30% and 135.35 mg g(-1) for RB13, 96.02% and 125 mg g(-1) for RY85, and 98.56% and 227.27 mg g(-1) for RV1 were observed under optimal conditions. The biosorption of all dyes was exothermic in nature. The biosorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and magnetic force microscopy. The Langmuir model was found to be most suitable for describing the biosorption of all dyestuffs. The experimental data fitted very well the pseudo second order kinetic model.Öğe Sequential treatment of olive oil mill wastewater with adsorption and biological and photo-Fenton oxidation(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2013) Aytar, Pınar; Gedikli, Serap; Şam, Mesut; Farizoğlu, Burhanettin; Çabuk, AhmetOlive oil mill wastewater (OMWW), a recalcitrant pollutant, has features including high phenolic content and dark color; thereby, several chemical or physical treatments or biological processes were not able to remediate it. In this study, the treatment efficiencies of three treatments, including adsorption, biological application, and photo-Fenton oxidation were sequentially evaluated for OMWW. Adsorption, biological treatment, and photo-Fenton caused decreasing phenolic contents of 48.69 %, 59.40 %, and 95 %, respectively. However, after three sequential treatments were performed, higher reduction percentages in phenolic (total 99 %) and organic contents (90 %) were observed. Although the studied fungus has not induced significant color reduction, photo-Fenton oxidation was considered to be an attractive solution, especially for color reduction. Besides, toxicity of OMWW treatment was significantly reduced.Öğe Silk fibroin/nylon-6 blend nanofilter matrix for copper removal from aqueous solution(SPRINGER, 2015) Yalçın, Eda; Gedikli, Serap; Çabuk, Ahmet; Karahaliloğlu, Zeynep; Demirbilek, Murat; Bayram, Cem; Şam, Mesut; Sağlam, Necdet; Denkbaş, Emir BakiHeavy metal pollution has become a serious problem for living organisms. In this study, silk fibroin (SF)/nylon-6 nanofiber matrices were formed by electrospinning and their surface was modified with calcium phosphate (CaP) crystals to increase the affinity of divalent heavy metals. The properties of matrices were evaluated as a filter matrix for copper adsorption from aqueous solution. Attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and alizarin red staining method were used for characterization. Adsorption studies were performed by batch and continuous system. The various parameters regarding adsorption process such as pH of solution, surface area, initial copper concentration, and flow rate were optimized. Toxicity values were assessed before and after the Cu(II) adsorption studies. The resultant SF/nylon-6 nanofiber matrices indicate an excellent fibrous structure without beads (fiber diameter at 250 +/- A 50 nm) and modified successfully with CaP crystals. Adsorption results showed that the removal efficiency of copper could reach 32 % by continuous flow system whereas 77 % by batch system. Acute toxicity bioassays using Vibrio fischeri showed that the toxicity decreased after continuous and batch flow systems. For desorption study, different concentrations of various desorption solutions were used and the percentage of Cu(II) desorption was determined as 11 %, approximately.Öğe Surface-modified bacterial nanofibrillar PHB scaffolds for bladder tissue repair(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Karahaliloğlu, Zeynep; Demirbilek, Murat; Şam, Mesut; Sağlam, Necdet; Mızrak, Alpay Koray; Denkbaş, Emir BakiThe aim of the study is in vitro investigation of the feasibility of surface-modified bacterial nanofibrous poly [(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) graft for bladder reconstruction. In this study, the surface of electrospun bacterial PHB was modified with PEG- or EDA via radio frequency glow discharge method. After plasma modification, contact angle of EDA-modified PHB scaffolds decreased from 110 +/- 1.50 to 23 +/- 0.5 degree. Interestingly, less calcium oxalate stone deposition was observed on modified PHB scaffolds compared to that of non-modified group. Results of this study show that surface-modified scaffolds not only inhibited calcium oxalate growth but also enhanced the uroepithelial cell viability and proliferation.
