Doğal gaz yakıtlı bir kojenerasyon sisteminin tasarımı ve analizi: Aksaray Üniversitesi örneği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Aksaray Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, Aksaray Üniversitesinin enerji verimliliğini üst düzeyde kullanabilmek amacı ile üniversitenin enerji ihtiyacına göre kojenerasyon sistemi ekonomik analizi yapılmıştır. Dünyada artan nüfus, teknolojik ilerlemeler ve insanların modern şartlarda yaşama isteği doğal olarak artmaktadır. Bu sebeple son yıllarda hızla artan petrol, doğal gaz ve kömür gibi enerji kaynaklarındaki tüketim miktarı şimdi ve gelecekte enerji krizlerine sebep olacaktır. Aynı zamanda Dünya Kovid-19 salgını yaralarını sarmaya çalışırken, ortaya farklı enerji arayışları çıkartacaktır. Bu gelişme ile dünyadaki enerji krizi 2022 ve sonrasındaki yıllarda enerji arayışı kriz haline gelecektir. Bu nedenle yeni kaynak arayışı devam ederken mevcut kaynakları ekonomik, verimli, geri kazanımları maksimum seviyede ve enerji tüketimini tasarruflu şekilde kullanılmalıdır. Bu arayışlara en uygun süreçlerden biri kojenerasyon sistemleridir. Kojenerasyon veya Birleşik Isı ve Güç (CHP) sistemi aynı anda hem elektrik hem de kullanılabilir ısı üreten yüksek verimli bir sistemdir. Kojenerasyon sistemi yüksek enerji verimliliği, enerji tasarrufu sağlar ve sera gazı salınımını azaltır. Kojenerasyon sistemlerinin ana özelliği genel olarak, tek bir enerji kaynağı tüketimi süreci aracılığıyla elektrik ve faydalı ısı üretir. Kojenerasyon sistemi ile elektrik, tüketim noktasında üretilir. Bu durum arzın ulaşım ve dağıtım ile ilgili arızalara ve kayıplara maruz kalmaması anlamına gelmektedir. Aynı zamanda, dağıtım ve bakım maliyetleri ortadan kalkmaktadır. Kojenerasyon sistemlerinin kullanımının enerji tüketiminin azalmasına ve daha temiz yakıtların kullanımına imkan vermesi sonucunda çevreye daha az zarar verilmesi, kojenerasyon sistemlerinin yapılabilirliği açısından avantajlı sayılabilecek özelliklerdendir. Sayılan özellikler, literatürden alınan bilgiler, yapılan hesaplamalar ve araştırmaların ışığında yapılan bu test çalışmasının sonucunda da kojenerasyon uygulamasının avantajlı bir sistem olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Sistemin analiz sonuçlarına göre üniversitenin yıllık amortisman sonucu 1.916.847,57 TL/Yıl yatırım için ilk maliyet yaklaşık 2,85 yıl gibi kısa bir zaman diliminde amorti edebilme durumu hesaplanmıştır.
In this study, in order to use the energy efficiency of Aksaray University at a high level, the economic analysis of the cogeneration system was made according to the energy needs of the university. Increasing population in the world, technological advances and people's desire to live in modern conditions naturally increase. For this reason, the amount of consumption in energy resources such as oil, natural gas and coal, which has increased rapidly in recent years, will cause energy crises now and in the future. At the same time, while the world is trying to heal the wounds of the Covid-19 epidemic, different energy searches will emerge. With this development, the energy crisis in the world will become a crisis in 2022 and the following years. For this reason, while the search for new resources continues, existing resources should be used economically, efficiently, with maximum recovery and energy consumption saving. One of the most suitable processes for these pursuits is cogeneration systems. A Cogeneration or Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system is a highly efficient system that simultaneously produces both electricity and usable heat. The cogeneration system provides high energy efficiency, energy savings and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The main feature of cogeneration systems is generally generating electricity and useful heat through a single process of energy source consumption. With the cogeneration system, electricity is produced at the point of consumption. This means that the supply is not subject to failures and losses associated with transportation and distribution. At the same time, distribution and maintenance costs are eliminated. Less damage to the environment as a result of the use of cogeneration systems to reduce energy consumption and to use cleaner fuels is one of the features that can be considered advantageous in terms of the feasibility of cogeneration systems. As a result of this test study, which was carried out in the light of the listed features, information obtained from the literature, calculations and researches, cogeneration application has proven to be an advantageous system. According to the analysis results of the system, it has been calculated that the university can amortize its investment cost in a short period of approximately 2.85 years as a result of annual depreciation.
In this study, in order to use the energy efficiency of Aksaray University at a high level, the economic analysis of the cogeneration system was made according to the energy needs of the university. Increasing population in the world, technological advances and people's desire to live in modern conditions naturally increase. For this reason, the amount of consumption in energy resources such as oil, natural gas and coal, which has increased rapidly in recent years, will cause energy crises now and in the future. At the same time, while the world is trying to heal the wounds of the Covid-19 epidemic, different energy searches will emerge. With this development, the energy crisis in the world will become a crisis in 2022 and the following years. For this reason, while the search for new resources continues, existing resources should be used economically, efficiently, with maximum recovery and energy consumption saving. One of the most suitable processes for these pursuits is cogeneration systems. A Cogeneration or Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system is a highly efficient system that simultaneously produces both electricity and usable heat. The cogeneration system provides high energy efficiency, energy savings and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The main feature of cogeneration systems is generally generating electricity and useful heat through a single process of energy source consumption. With the cogeneration system, electricity is produced at the point of consumption. This means that the supply is not subject to failures and losses associated with transportation and distribution. At the same time, distribution and maintenance costs are eliminated. Less damage to the environment as a result of the use of cogeneration systems to reduce energy consumption and to use cleaner fuels is one of the features that can be considered advantageous in terms of the feasibility of cogeneration systems. As a result of this test study, which was carried out in the light of the listed features, information obtained from the literature, calculations and researches, cogeneration application has proven to be an advantageous system. According to the analysis results of the system, it has been calculated that the university can amortize its investment cost in a short period of approximately 2.85 years as a result of annual depreciation.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kojenerasyon, Doğal Gaz, Ekonomik Analiz, Dinamik Geri Ödeme Süresi, Sera Gazı Etkisi, Economic Analysis, Dynamic Payback Period, Greenhouse Gas Effect, Cogeneration, Natural Gas
