Binalarda rüzgar kaynaklı doğal havalandırmanın incelenmesi
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Tarih
2024
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Aksaray Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tez çalışmasında, farklı pencere açıklık şekillerine sahip bina modelleri, değişik çatı eğimlerine sahip bina modelleri, farklı giriş ve çıkış açıklık boyutlarına sahip bina modelleri ile değişen pencere açıklık konumlarına sahip bina modellerinin çapraz havalandırma durumları sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan sayısal analizler, farklı çatı eğimlerine sahip bina modellerinde rüzgarın bina duvarına uyguladığı kuvvetle en yüksek pozitif basınç katsayısının rüzgar yönündeki duvarda oluştuğunu göstermiştir. Çatı eğiminin 15°'den 35°'ye artırılması, iç basıncı azaltırken, Bernoulli prensibiyle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Giriş açıklıklarının büyümesi, iç hava hızını azaltmış ve basıncı artırmıştır. C1 modelinde en yüksek, C5 modelinde ise en düşük basınç gözlemlenmiştir. Farklı pencere açıklık geometrilerine sahip binalar arasında, dikdörtgen pencereler 0,004212 m³/s ile en yüksek, üçgen pencereler ise 0,002158 m³/s ile en düşük havalandırma oranını sağlamıştır. ?=35° eğimli binada 0,003040 m³/s ile en yüksek havalandırma oranı, ?=15° eğimli bina ise 0,003024 m³/s ile en düşük havalandırma oranı hesaplanmıştır. Bu bulgular, çatı eğiminin havalandırma verimliliğini doğrudan etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Sabit çıkış ve değişken giriş pencere boyutlarıyla yapılan analizlerde, G5 bina modeli 0,004089 m³/s ile en yüksek, G1 bina modeli ise 0,000418 m³/s ile en düşük havalandırma oranını sağlamıştır. Çıkış açıklıkları ile ilgili analizde, C5 modeli 0,003814 m³/s ile en yüksek havalandırma oranını, C1 modeli ise 0,000467 m³/s ile en düşük havalandırma oranını elde etmiştir. Farklı pencere açıklıklarındaki durumlar için, 20 mm sabit giriş açıklığına sahip Alt-Üst modelde havalandırma oranı 0,003021 m³/s, Alt-Alt modelde ise 0,002932 m³/s olarak bulunmuştur. 40 mm giriş açıklığına sahip Orta-Üst modelde 0,003065 m³/s, Orta-Alt modelde 0,002959 m³/s hesaplanmıştır. 60 mm giriş açıklığına sahip Üst-Alt modelde en yüksek oran 0,003129 m³/s, Üst-Üst modelde ise en düşük oran 0,003012 m³/s olarak kaydedilmiştir. Açıklık konumları, havalandırmanın verimliliğini etkileyerek rüzgarüstü açıklığın yüksek konumunun hava akışını artırdığı belirlenmiştir.
In this thesis, the cross-ventilation conditions of building models with different window opening shapes, building models with different roof pitches, building models with different inlet and outlet opening dimensions, and building models with varying window opening positions are numerically analyzed. Numerical analyses have shown that the highest positive pressure coefficient occurs on the upwind wall due to the wind force on the building wall in building models with different roof pitches. Increasing the roof pitch from 15° to 35° decreases the internal pressure, which is related to Bernoulli's principle. The enlargement of the inlet openings decreased the internal air velocity and increased pressure. The highest pressure was observed in model C1 and the lowest in model C5. Among the buildings with different window opening geometries, rectangular windows provided the highest ventilation rate with 0.004212 m³/s and triangular windows provided the lowest ventilation rate with 0.002158 m³/s. The building with ?=35° slope had the highest ventilation rate with 0.003040 m³/s and the building with ?=15° slope had the lowest ventilation rate with 0.003024 m³/s. These findings reveal that the roof slope directly affects ventilation efficiency. In the analysis with fixed outlet and variable inlet window sizes, the G5 building model provided the highest ventilation rate with 0.004089 m³/s and the G1 building model achieved the lowest ventilation rate with 0.000418 m³/s. In the analysis of the exit openings, the C5 model achieved the highest ventilation rate with 0.003814 m³/s and the C1 model achieved the lowest ventilation rate with 0.000467 m³/s. For the cases with different window openings, the ventilation rate was found to be 0.003021 m³/s for the Lower-Upper model with a fixed inlet opening of 20 mm and 0.002932 m³/s for the Lower-Lower model. In the Mid-Upper model with 40 mm inlet opening, 0.003065 m³/s and 0.002959 m³/s were calculated in the Mid-Lower model. With a 60 mm inlet opening, the highest rate was 0.003129 m³/s in the Top-Lower model, and the lowest rate was 0.003012 m³/s in the Top-Upper model. The opening positions affect the efficiency of ventilation, and it was determined that the high position of the upwind opening increases the air flow.
In this thesis, the cross-ventilation conditions of building models with different window opening shapes, building models with different roof pitches, building models with different inlet and outlet opening dimensions, and building models with varying window opening positions are numerically analyzed. Numerical analyses have shown that the highest positive pressure coefficient occurs on the upwind wall due to the wind force on the building wall in building models with different roof pitches. Increasing the roof pitch from 15° to 35° decreases the internal pressure, which is related to Bernoulli's principle. The enlargement of the inlet openings decreased the internal air velocity and increased pressure. The highest pressure was observed in model C1 and the lowest in model C5. Among the buildings with different window opening geometries, rectangular windows provided the highest ventilation rate with 0.004212 m³/s and triangular windows provided the lowest ventilation rate with 0.002158 m³/s. The building with ?=35° slope had the highest ventilation rate with 0.003040 m³/s and the building with ?=15° slope had the lowest ventilation rate with 0.003024 m³/s. These findings reveal that the roof slope directly affects ventilation efficiency. In the analysis with fixed outlet and variable inlet window sizes, the G5 building model provided the highest ventilation rate with 0.004089 m³/s and the G1 building model achieved the lowest ventilation rate with 0.000418 m³/s. In the analysis of the exit openings, the C5 model achieved the highest ventilation rate with 0.003814 m³/s and the C1 model achieved the lowest ventilation rate with 0.000467 m³/s. For the cases with different window openings, the ventilation rate was found to be 0.003021 m³/s for the Lower-Upper model with a fixed inlet opening of 20 mm and 0.002932 m³/s for the Lower-Lower model. In the Mid-Upper model with 40 mm inlet opening, 0.003065 m³/s and 0.002959 m³/s were calculated in the Mid-Lower model. With a 60 mm inlet opening, the highest rate was 0.003129 m³/s in the Top-Lower model, and the lowest rate was 0.003012 m³/s in the Top-Upper model. The opening positions affect the efficiency of ventilation, and it was determined that the high position of the upwind opening increases the air flow.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği, Doğal Havalandırma, Atmosferik Sınır Tabaka, Havalandırma Oranı, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Natural Ventilation, Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Ventilation Rate
