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Öğe Türkiye Denizlerinden Toplanan Gracilaria dura, Sargassum acinarium ve Ulva rigida Makroalglerinden Karotenoidlerin Ultrases Destekli Enzimatik Ekstraksiyonu ve Karotenoid Profillerinin Belirlenmesi: Nanoemülsiyonu, İn Vitro Biyoerişilebilirliği ve Depolama Stabilitesinin Araştırılması(2023) Özçelik, Beraat; Okudan, Emine Şükran; Uluata, Sibel; Durmaz, Gökhan; Sarıbaş, Gamze; Mohammed, Aziz; Koşar, Maide; Habdo, Gısun; Yücetepe, AysunFinding sustainable, cost effective and safe natural alternative resources is one of the main and urgent research topics in the field of food science. The successful application of valuable food ingredients such as carotenoids obtained from macroalgae, one of these natural resources, in the food industry depends on the application of environmentally friendly, safe and low-cost technologies. In this context, it is important to use enzyme and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods, which are safe and effective extraction methods, to extract carotenoids from algae. In this project, it was carried out (i) quantify carotenoids in macroalgae extracts obtained by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction, (ii) encapsulation of carotenoid extracts obtained from one red macroalgae Gracilaria dura, brown macroalgae Sargassum acinarium and green macroalgae Ulva rigida collected from Türkiye seas by nanoemulsion technique, (iii) determine the changes in carotenoid content and antioxidant activities of encapsulated and unencapsulated extracts before and after in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion and (iv) investigate the physical and storage stability of encapsulated carotenoids. According to the results, nanoemulsions prepared with encapsulation efficiency of approximately 87-90%. Bioaccessibilites (%) of encapsulated and unencapsulated carotenoids were 70.24±0.26%- 94.15±2.63% and 44.21±0.34%-61.94±1.42%, respectively. Encapsulated carotenoids preserved their stability more than unencapsulated carotenoids in terms of carotenoid amount and antioxidant activity during in vitro digestion. As a result of carotenoid profile analysis, ß-carotene was detected in carotenoid nanoemulsions obtained from Gracilaria dura, Sargassum acinarium and Ulva rigida, and amount of ß-carotene in the nanoemulsions decreased during in vitro digestion. Oxidative stability of algal carotenoid nanoemulsions is better than control according to the result of storage stability test. Amount of carotenoids in all nanoemulsions increased until the 21st day of storage. On the other hand, destabilization occurred due to effect of creaming on the seventh day of storage in algal carotenoid nanoemulsions. The lightness (L*) and color intensity (a* and b*) of the nanoemulsions gradually decreased during 28. day of storage. The particle size and charge of nanoemulsions decreased during storage. In this study, potential for use in foods of carotenoids from macroalgae Gracilaria dura, Sargassum acinarium and Ulva rigida collected from the seas of our country was revealed.Öğe Apium plants: Beyond simple food and phytopharmacological applications(MDPI, 2019) Salehi, Bahare; Venditti, Alessandro; Frezza, Claudio; Yücetepe, Aysun; Altuntaş, Ümit; Uluata, Sibel; Butnariu, Monica; Sarac, Ioan; Shaheen, Shabnum; Petropoulos, Spyridon A.Apium plants belong to the Apiaceae family and are included among plants that have been in use in traditional medicine for thousands of years worldwide, including in the Mediterranean, as well as the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. Some highlighted medical benefits include prevention of coronary and vascular diseases. Their phytochemical constituents consist of bergapten, flavonoids, glycosides, furanocoumarins, furocoumarin, limonene, psoralen, xanthotoxin, and selinene. Some of their pharmacological properties include anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, nematocidal, anti-rheumatism, antiasthma, anti-bronchitis, hepatoprotective, appetizer, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, breast milk inducer, anti-jaundice, antihypertensive, anti-dysmenorrhea, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, and spermatogenesis induction. The present review summarizes data on ecology, botany, cultivation, habitat, medicinal use, phytochemical composition, preclinical and clinical pharmacological efficacy of Apium plants and provides future direction on how to take full advantage of Apium plants for the optimal benefit to mankind.
