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    Blood flow restriction training prescription: percentage of lower limb arterial occlusion pressure at fixed values and based on brachial systolic blood pressure
    (Springer Nature, 2025) de Queiros, Victor S.; Rolnick, Nicholas; Kamış, Okan; Alves, Julio M.; Neto, Gabriel R.; Amorim, Samuel; Gonzaga, Jozilma Medeiros; Aniceto, Rodrigo R.; Cabral, Breno Guilherme de Araujo Tinoco
    Blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise is recommended with personalized pressures between 40 and 80% of arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) to ensure safety and efficacy. However, many studies use fixed pressures or personalized pressures based on brachial blood pressure, such as 130% of resting brachial systolic pressure (rbSBP), which may lead to inconsistencies. This study aimed to estimate the percentage of AOP in the thigh when using fixed pressures (e.g., 100, 200, and 300 mmHg) or 130% of SBP.MethodsFifty-one healthy participants (18-40 years) underwent anthropometric measurements, brachial blood pressure assessment, and AOP determination in the thigh in supine, seated, and standing positions using an 18 cm cuff. AOP measurements were randomized and compared to fixed pressures and 130% of SBP.ResultsAOP was higher than 100 mmHg in all positions, with 100 mmHg corresponding to 80.5%, 62%, and 56.9% of AOP in the supine, seated, and standing positions, respectively. Conversely, 200 mmHg exceeded AOP, reaching 160.9%, 124.2%, and 113.7% in the same positions. Compared to SBP, supine AOP was lower than 130% of rbSBP, standing AOP was higher, and seated AOP showed no significant difference (p = 0.595). In the seated and standing positions, 130% of rbSBP corresponded to 92.5% and 84.7% of AOP, respectively.ConclusionA fixed pressure of 100 mmHg may fall within the recommended range for BFR prescription, but findings are specific to AOP assessment with an 18 cm cuff. Personalization remains crucial for accuracy and safety.
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    Body position and cuff size influence lower limb arterial occlusion pressure and its predictors: implications for standardizing the pressure applied in training with blood flow restriction
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2025) de Queiros, Victor S.; Rolnick, Nicholas; Kamış, Okan; Formiga, Magno F.; Rocha, Roberto F. C.; Alves, Júlio César Medeiros; Vieira, João Guilherme; Vianna, Jeferson Macedo
    Arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) is a relevant measurement for individualized prescription of exercise with blood flow restriction (BFRE). Therefore, it is important to consider factors that may influence this measure. Purpose: This study aimed to compare lower limb AOP (LL-AOP) measured with 11 cm (medium) and 18 cm (large) cuffs, in different body positions, and explore the predictors for each of the LL-AOP measurements performed. This information may be useful for future studies that seek to develop approaches to improve the standardization of pressure adopted in BFRE, including proposals for equations to estimate LL-AOP. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Fifty-one healthy volunteers (males, n = 25, females, n = 26; Age: 18–40 years old) underwent measurement of thigh circumference (TC), brachial blood pressure, followed by assessments of LL-AOP with medium and large cuffs in positions supine, sitting and standing positions. Results: The large cuff required less external pressure (mmHg) to elicit arterial occlusion in all three-body positions when compared to the medium cuff (p < 0.001). The LL-AOP was significantly lower in the supine position, regardless of the cuff used (p < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure was the main predictor of LL-AOP in the large cuff, while TC was the main predictor of LL-AOP with the medium cuff. Body position influenced strength of the LL-AOP predictors. Conclusion: Our results indicate that LL-AOP and its predictors are substantially influenced by body position and cuff width.
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    Effects of different pre-exercise strategies on jumping performance in female volleyball players
    (Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2025) Keskin, Kadir; Akçay, Neslihan; Özmen, Tarık; Contarlı, Nurcan; Yıldız, Kerem C.; Sofuoğlu, Cem; Kamiş, Okan; Rolnick, Nicholas; de Queiros, Victor S.; Montoye, Alexander
    The present study aimed to compare different pre-exercise strategies on jumping performance in female volleyball players. METHODS: Fifteen healthy female volleyball players (age=18 +/- 0.6 years; training experience = 7.3 +/- 1.4 years; height = 164.8 +/- 5.4 cm; body mass = 57.2 +/- 8.1 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. Three different pre-exercise conditions (5 repetition maximum knee extension, electromyostimulation [EMS] and ischemic preconditioning [IPC]) were applied to the subjects and compared to a control condition performing a standardized warmup. Subjects performed the squat jump and 15 sec repeated countermovement jumps following a rest period. Measures associated with jumping performance were collected and compared between conditions. Rating of perceived exertion was also collected after each performance test. RESULTS: No pre-exercise condition outperformed a standardized warm-up on inducing improvements in jumping performance and in fact, EMS and IPC conditions resulted in performance decrements compared to control (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a standardized warm-up is enough to induce improvements in jumping performance in female volleyball players. Future research should examine alternative strategies alongside standardized warm-up to determine how best to prepare for jumping and related sport-specific tasks in female volleyball players.
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    Hypertrophic effects of low-load blood flow restriction training with different repetition schemes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (PeerJ Inc., 2024) de Queiros, Victor S.; de Queiros, Victor S.; Schoenfeld, Brad J.; de França, Ingrid Martins; Guilherme Vieira, João; Veiga Sardeli, Amanda; Kamış, Okan; Rodrigues Neto, Gabriel; de Araújo Tinôco Cabral, Breno Guilherme; Moreira Silva Dantas, Paulo
    This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed the effect of low-load resistance training (LL-RT) with blood flow restriction (BFR) versus high-load resistance training (HL-RT) on muscle hypertrophy focusing on the repetition scheme adopted. Methods. Four databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials that compared the effect of LL-RT with BFR versus HL-RT on muscle hypertrophy. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were pooled in a random effects meta-analysis. Results. The overall analysis did not demonstrate significant differences between conditions (SMD = 0.046; p = 0.14). A similar result was observed when we separately analyzed studies that used sets to momentary muscle failure (SMD = 0.033; p = 0.520), sets of 15 repetitions (SMD = 0.005; p = 0.937) and a fixed repetition scheme composed of 75 repetitions (SMD = 0.088; p = 0.177). The analysis considering body region indicates no difference in lower limb exercise between HL-RT and LL-RT with BFR (SMD = 0.00066; p = 0.795) while upper limb exercise favors HL-RT (SMD = 0.231; p = 0.005). Conclusion. LL-RT with BFR elicits muscle hypertrophy similar to HL-RT regardless of the employed repetition scheme, although there appears to be a small beneficial effect in favor of HL-RT in upper limb exercis