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Öğe 3D laser scanning and photogrammmetric measurement of Akhan caravansaray(2009) Yakar, Murat; Alyılmaz, Cengiz; Telci, Ahmet; Baygul, Erkan; Çolak, Semih; Aydın, Murat; Alyilmaz, Semra; Yılmaz, Hacı MuratA caravansaray is a roadside inn where travellers can rest and recover from the day's journey. Caravansarais supported the flow of commerce, information and people across the network of trade routes covering Asia, North Africa, and South-Eastern Europe. Akhan caravansaray which has been known as "Wite Han" for the white marble used on the front door was built by the governor of the denizli Seyfettin Karasungur. Akhan is 7 km far from the Denizli city an it is at the side of Denizli Afyon Road. Akhan is the last caravasaray at the west of the Anatolia. It was built in 1253 years. This Han was built as a charitable institution funded by Governor eyfettin Karasungur ibn Abdullah, Emir of Ladik. He was the governor of Denizli for over 20 years, and was a brother to Celaleddin Karatay. In this study laser scanning methods have been used to obtain 3D model of the Akhan caravasaray. In this stage only exterior facades have been scanned and obtained 3D model. But at the same time, close range photogrammetric measurement also completed for 3D drawings of caravansaray. Both prhotogrammetric and laser scanning results will have been at this presentation. © 2009 Academic Journals.Öğe Advantage of digital close range photogrammetry in drawing of muqarnas in architecture(2009) Yakar, Murat; Yılmaz, Hacı Murat; Güleç, Saadet Armağan; Korumaz, MustafaIn this study, conventional method and digital close range photogrammetry is compared in sample study for measuring and drawing of muqarnas which is common in architecture. One of the most significant advantages of close range photogrammetry in documentation is giving opportunity to measure buildings or part of the buildings especially very high, very low, dangerous, not accessible or very detailed like muqarnas or damaged. It is a big facility to measure required measurement of the parts of the building from the photograph. Its another important thing in documentation that these data can be used in the future again and they can be shared with other users and they are easy to store in computer. © 2009 Asian Network for Scientific Information.Öğe Close range photogrammetry and robotic total station in volume calculation(2010) Yakar, Murat; Yılmaz, Hacı Murat; Mutluo?lu, ÖmerNowadays, volume calculations are been used in many engineering studies such as road project, mining enterprise, geological works and building applications. In many volume calculations, some approaches such as number of lorry computation instead of mathematical calculation are used because of lack of adequate technical knowledge or insufficiency of software and hardware. Particularly, the difficulties of measurement processes in mine areas, even owing to impossibility of it in some cases, have obliged this kind of solutions. However it is reality that this process does not give volume value at adequate accuracy. In this case, important economic losses have been revealed in many applications. Volume computations can be carried out not only by geodetic measurement but also by photogrammetry and laser scanning technologies. Particularly, in the areas where reaching is risky and difficult, it is more convenient that the calculations should be performed by means of the photograph taken or scanning images of the object rather than land studying. The developments in software and hardware technologies, makes the processes in engineering studies easier and rapid as soon as possible. In this study, the performance of photogrammetry and laser scanning method on volume computation was investigated. For that in an excavation site, the volume computations were performed in both methods. The methods were compared from point of view of accuracy, time and cost. It is concluded that the both methods can be used on account of volume calculations. © 2010 Academic Journals.Öğe Comparative evaluation of excavation volume by TLS and total topographic station based methods(2010) Yakar, Murat; Yılmaz, Hacı Murat; Mutluo?lu, ÖmerNowadays volume values are used in many engineering studies, such as road projects, mining enterprises, geological works and building applications. A volume can be computed by geodetic, trapezoidal and improved methods such as Simpson-based, cubic spline, and cubic Hermite formula. These improved methods model the object surface as nonlinear profiles. As the associated technology has developed then so have the opportunities for the development of new techniques in surface modelling. Now, the generation of a three-dimensional (3D) model is generally achieved by non-contact systems based on light waves and can be completed on a computer. This is particularly useful in situations where there are risks attached to reaching the location to be modelled - the calculations can be performed from a photograph or from scanned images of the object. In this study the performance of a laser scanning method, robotic total station instrument and geodetic method of volume computation were investigated. The volume computation was carried out using these methods in an excavation area and the methods were compared in terms of accuracy, time and cost. It was concluded that all the methods can satisfactorily be used for volume computing; however, the choice of method should be made according to the location and size of area, required accuracy, budget and time frame. © 2010 Old City Publishing, Inc.Öğe Computing of volume of excavation areas by digital close range photogrammetry(Springer Nature, 2008) Yılmaz, Hacı Murat; Yakar, MuratPerformance of volume calculation by digital close range photogrammetry has been investigated. The potential use of 3D photomodelling in volume calculation of complex objects which may not be accessible and are sometimes in a risky location was studied using an excavation area and a natural hill as examples. The volumes obtained from 3D photomodels of objects were compared with the volumes calculated using geodetic techniques. The results were analyzed with respect to time, cost, and accuracy. It was found that the photogrammetric method has advantages of 21.89% in time, 12.11% in accuracy, and 33.33% in cost as compared to the classical method.Öğe Determining rates of erosion of an earth pillar by terrestrial laser scanning(Sprınger Heıdelberg, 2010) Yılmaz, Hacı Murat; Yakar, Murat; Yıldız, Ferruh; Karabork, H.; Kavurmacı, M. M.; Mutluoğlu, Ömer; Göktepe, AyhanThis paper will show how a three-dimensional (3D) terrestrial laser scanning system can be used to assess the erosion of a sample earth pillar located in Selime in the Cappadocia region of central Turkey. These pillars are known locally as 'Fairy Chimneys'; they are a wonder of both the natural and cultural worlds and have importance from historical perspectives. Sixty million years ago, the region was formed from soft layers of lava and ash spewed out by the Erciyes, Hasan, and Gullu mountains. The landscape was then abraded by rain and wind over the years and the earth pillars were formed from the tuff. Due to atmospheric effects the pillars are undergoing chemical and physical deterioration. In order to conserve the earth pillars, an understanding of the deterioration phenomenon of the tuff is essential. In the last years, three-dimensional (3D) terrestrial laser scanning systems have been very successfully employed in many engineering applications. The high quantity and precision of the measured points enable the user to generate realistic and 3D illustrations of complex objects. The sample earth pillar in Selime was modeled in 3D by terrestrial laser scanning three times during two six-month periods with an average of 10 mm horizontal and vertical intervals on the surface. The volume differences were computed from the same volume surface for each period and these differences determined whether erosion had taken place. At the end of the study, it was detected that there was partial erosion on this earth pillar resulting from physical intervention.Öğe Drawing of petroglyphs in mongolia by close range photogrammetry(2010) Alyılmaz, Cengiz; Yakar, Murat; Yılmaz, Hacı MuratPetroglyphs are images created by removing part of a rock surfaces by incising, pecking, carving, and abrading. The word comes from the Greek words petros meaning stone and glyphein meaning to carve (it was originally coined in French as petroglyphe). Carved, forged or engraved petroglyhps are tarnsforming the sights, which is placed on the area, to the natural museums. According to experts, petroglyhps are qualifying expression resource, mass medium even writings of the times which is created date. In the portraits which are showing the praise god and complete dedication, generally, shamans, khans, comanders have placed on the top. Besides all religion themed and ritual petroglyhps, there are also a very kind of petroglyhps which are treated everyday lifes, hunting, war scenes and ordinary events. There are several documentation techniques available in order to document of cultural heritage. These techniques are indispensable tools for the conservation of heritage monuments. These methods and equipments commonly are used for the documentation and surveying of buildings. Digital close range photogrammetry is one of the most important methods in documenting of cultural heritage. © 2010 Academic Journals.Öğe Importance of digital close-range photogrammetry in documentation of cultural heritage(Elsevier Ltd., 2007) Yılmaz, Hacı Murat; Yakar, Murat; Güleç, Saadet Arma?an; Dülgerler, O. NuriIt is an indisputable reality that the most important thing for transmitting cultural heritage to posterity is a sensitive documentation. Up to the present there have been many developments in documentation of cultural heritage by developing technology, and contemporary documentation techniques have progressed speedily. In time, modern methods have become preferable to conventional methods in architecture generally in the existent state and in determination of deformations and preparation of measured drawing projects of historical edifices. Digital and 3D data, rich visual images obtained by digital close-range photogrammetry, and orthophoto images of edifices, are governed and shepherded in documentation and future conservation projects. Also, these methods supply much ease, precision and time-saving in measured drawing projects when compared with conventional methods. In this study, contributions of digital close-range photogrammetry to measured drawing projects were evaluated. A historical building, which had been exposed to fire two times in Konya (Turkey), was photographed and its situation before and after the fire was demonstrated. In addition, the building's measured drawings of facade and its 3D model were completed using digital close-range photogrammetry. The building's present status and its reconstruction project is indicated and how digital close-range photogrammetry contributes to measured drawing, reconstruction and restoration projects is presented. Furthermore, the significance of present-day use of digital close-range photogrammetry in the acquisition of data and preparation of measured drawing projects for historical buildings is emphasized. This study has been completed by photogrammetrists, architects, urban planners and restorers.Öğe Investıgatıon of spatıal accuracy of hıgh-resolutıon (50cm) worldvıew-2(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2016) Mutluoğlu, Ömer; Yakar, Murat; Yılmaz, Hacı MuratNowadays, Very High Resolution Satellite (VHRS) images have been used for many applications intensively. Using of the digital satellite images in relevant approaches may give more accurate ideas about the researched fields. Besides, different methods could be used for geospatial informations from relevant digital data in many disciplines. The most importance reason of using the maps, which are derived from VHRS images, is accuracy of data. To obtain maps from VHRS images or use VHRS images as map, the VHRS images require rectification. For an accurate rectification process, Ground Control Points (GCPs) must be marked in the field. In this study, spatial accuracy of the stereo WorldView-2 satellite image (0.5 m resolution) was investigated at a test area. For this, 31 GCP points were established. These points were used as controls and check point. Block adjustment was made using a different number of control and check points. The impact of the number of control points upon the adjustment results was also investigated. As a result of adjustment using a 5-point control and 26 check points; root mean square error in the 53 cm x direction, 17 cm y direction, 63 cm in z-direction for control points have been obtained. For check points, 55 cm x direction, 26 cm y direction and z direction 65 cm root mean square error were found. Also coordinates obtained from the stereo model and the field determined by the geodetic methods coordinates of points were compared. The average position error of a point is 48 cm according to comparison results.Öğe Monitoring of corrosion in fairy chimney by close range photogrammetry(ISPRS Archives, 2008) Yılmaz, Haci Murat; Yakar, Murat; Yıldız, FerruhA Fairy Chimney is a conical rock formation and typically found in the Cappadocia region of Turkey. It consists of a cap of hard rock resting on a cone-shaped pinnacle of softer rock. The geology of areas where Fairy Chimneys form typically comprises a thick layer of tuff (consolidated volcanic ash), covered by a thin layer of basalt or other volcanic rocks that are more resistant to erosion than the underlying tuff. Over time, cracks in the basalt allow the much softer tuff to be eroded and washed away. Fairy Chimneys are formed where a small cap or boulder of the original basalt remains, and protects a cone of tuff beneath it from erosion. Eventually, the tuff will be undercut to the extent that the cap falls off, and the remaining cone is then quickly eroded In this study, corrosion on the surface of fairy chimney, which is located in Selime district of Aksaray in Turkey, has been examined by digital close range photogrammetry. The fairy chimney has been evaluated by photogrammetric in two period. Its three dimensional (3D) model has been obtained. Its volume has been calculated from known heights. Corrosion in Fairy Chimney has been investigated.Öğe Monitoring of soil erosion in Cappadocia region (Selime-Aksaray-Turkey)(Springer Link, 2012) Yılmaz, Hacı Murat; Yakar, Murat; Mutluo?lu, Ömer; Kavurmacı, Mustafa MuratA fairy chimney is a conical rock formation, typically found in the Cappadocia region of Turkey. The geology of areas where fairy chimneys exist typically comprise a thick layer of tuff, covered by a thin layer of basalt or other volcanic rocks that are more resistant to erosion than the underlying tuff. Fairy chimneys are formed where a small cap or boulder of the original basalt remains, protecting a cone of tuff beneath it from erosion. Eventually, the tuff will be undercut to the extent that the cap falls off, and the remaining cone is then quickly eroded. In this study, the formation of fairy chimneys in the Cappadocia region was examined by investigating the surface soil erosion. A study area was selected and then scanned at five different times by a geodetic robotic total station at 40 cm horizontal and vertical intervals. The volumes of the study area were calculated from the same height and erosion was calculated from the volume differences indicated by the data. The relationship between erosion and meteorological data was analyzed, and showed that erosion had increased due to climatic conditions, particularly from the effect of rainfall.Öğe Performance of photogrammetric and terrestrial laser scanning methods in volume computing of excavtion and filling areas(Springer, 2014) Yakar, Murat; Yilmaz, Hacı Murat; Mutluoğlu, O.Volume calculations in filling and cutting areas are required for many engineering applications, particularly those to be used in civil engineering and mining work. Volume calculation, generally, is achieved with classical surveying methods. However, in modern geodetic and photogrammetric methods, volume computations are obtained from the differences between the defined surfaces. Volume calculations must have been carried out as accurately, economically and in a short time period with respect to the expectations. Recently, there are important developments in software and hardware which have had a positive effect on geodetic and photogrammetric methods. Now, many studies related to terrain can be completed more easily, faster and more accurately. The terrain surfaces can be defined by modern geodetic instruments and laser scanners; thus, volumes could be obtained from differences of terrain surfaces. In this study, the ability of digital close-range photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning was investigated in terms of volume calculation. For this purpose, both photogrammetric and terrestrial laser scanning methods were used for volume calculation in an excavation and filling area. It was observed that each method could be used in volume computing depending on what was expected from the volume process.Öğe Photogrammetric study for Sircali Medrese Door(2009) Yakar, Murat; Yıldız, Ferruh; Alyılmaz, Cengiz; Yılmaz, Haci MuratSirçali Medrese(Madrasa- moslem theological school), which is one of the most important medreses of Konya and Anatolia is in Konya Province, Meram District, Gazialemşah Quarter.Sirçali Medrese, that is among the medreses having an open courtyard, two liwans and two floors, has been had constructed by Bedreddin Muslih in the Period of Giyaseddin Keyhüsrev the 2nd. In the front parts of the building cut stone is used, while in other parts rubble stone is used. It has been used as medrese until 1924 with various changes. The front side of the medrese lying in east - west direction is made of cut stone. The throne door making a projection forward is ornamented with geometric and Anatolian ornaments. In the part on the entrance door, there is an inscription. At two sides of this inscription, there are ornamental workmanship samples. Furthermore, as we see in classical Seljuk throne doors, there are two niches at both sides of the door. After the entrance, cradle vaulted liwan is located. In this study photogrammetric study of the sircali medrese door have been completed. All details have been obtained in 3d model. © 2009 All Rights Reserved by the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM.
