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    Effect of using hydroxychloride as a copper source on performance, eggshell quality, tibia properties, mineral excretion, and antioxidant capacity of yolk in layer quails
    (Cambridge University Press, 2024) Gül, Esra Tu?çe; Olgun, Osman; Kılınç, Gözde; Gökmen, Fatih; Yıldız, Alpönder; Uygur, Veli; Sevim, Behlül; Sarmiento-García, Ainhoa
    This research aimed to examine the impact of varying levels of dietary copper (Cu) hydroxychloride on the performance, egg quality, yolk antioxidant capacity, tibia traits, and mineral excretion in laying quails. 125 female 10-week-old quails were randomly distributed into five experimental groups with 5 replicates, each consisting of 5 quails. Five experimental isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were designed to contain different Cu hydroxychloride (54% Cu) levels at 7.20 (basal diet), 15, 30,45, and 60 mg/kg respectively. Quails were fed with trial diets for 12 weeks. Performance, egg production, eggshell quality, and biomechanical traits of the tibia were not impacted (P>0.005) by variations in dietary Cu levels. Yolk antioxidant capacity, measured as yolk DPPH value, exhibited an increase (P<0.01) in the high-dose group (60 mg/kg). Regarding tibia mineral concentration, Cu concentration decreased linearly (P<0.001) with increasing Cu level, manganese and zinc content recorded the highest values in quails that had received 60 mg/kg Cu in the diet (P<0.01), while the lowest phosphorus content was described for 45 and 60 mg/kg. Contrarily, increases (P<0.01) in dietary Cu resulted in raised faecal Cu content, while phosphorus, manganese, and zinc, were reduced when Cu was added. It can be inferred that adding Cu to the diet of laying quails would not be necessary, which in turn decreases Cu excretion and prevents substantial environmental harm.
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    Impact of manganese hydroxychloride on egg quality, antioxidant capacity, bone characteristics, and mineral excretion in laying quail
    (The University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2024) Olgun, Osman; Kılınç, Gözde; Gül, Esra Tuğçe; Gökmen, Fatih; Yıldız, Alpönder; Uygur, Veli; Sevim, Behlül; Sarmiento-Garcia, Ainhoa
    This research investigated the impact of different concentrations of manganese hydroxychloride (MnH) on productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant status, tibia characteristics, and mineral excretion in laying quails. A total of 125 female ten-week-old female quails, were divided into five groups with five subgroups, each containing five quails. The birds were fed isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets with different levels of MnH (containing 55 g/100 g Mn) at 18.86 mg/kg (basal diet), 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/kg for twelve weeks. Results indicated that MnH supplementation enhanced egg production and feed intake (P < 0.05) compared to the non-supplemented group. The optimal eggshell quality, including shell- breaking strength, thickness, and weight, was observed at 80 mg/kg MnH (P<0.01) compared to the basal diet. Regarding the antioxidant capacity in the yolk, the yolk's 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) value increased significantly (P<0.01) with 100 mg/kg MnH supplementation, while malondialdehyde (MDA) values remained unaffected across all groups. Increasing dietary MnH levels elevated Mn excretion in faeces and reduced copper levels (P<0.01). However, MnH addition adversely affected tibia biomechanical properties compared to the basal diet (P<0.01), with no significant impact on tibia mineral accumulation (P>0.05). These results suggest that including 80 mg/kg MnH in laying quail diets would be adequate to improve certain aspects of production and eggshell quality, although its impact on bone parameters requires further investigation.