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    Effects of essential oil derived from the bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) on growth performance, histology and gene expression levels in common carp juveniles (cyprinus carpio)
    (MDPI AG, 2021) Acar, Ümit; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Yılmaz, Sevda; İnanan, Burak Evren; Navruz, Fahriye Zemheri; Terzi, Funda; Fazio, Francesco; Parrino, Vincenzo
    The aim of this study was to detect effects of bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) essential oilcommonly called neroli oil (NO) (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1, and 1.5% referred to as NO0 NO0.25, NO0. 05, NO1 and NO1.5, respectively) on growth performance output and expression levels of some growth-related genes in the muscle tissue and some immune-related genes in the head kidney and pathologicadifferences in digestive system organs of common carp Cyprinus carpio. The NO0.25 group had a large improvement in growth efficiency at the end of the 60-day feeding cycle. Real-time PCR (Bio RAD, USA) system was used to detect variations in gene expression levels. Furthermore, NO supplementation of up to 0.25% in muscle tissue controlled the release of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Furthermore, in the NO0.25 treatment category, immune response gene levels TNF-?, IL-8 and IL-1ß increased in head kidney tissue. In the histological examination of the liver and intestine, there were significant differences between fish fed with N1 and N1.5 dietsThis study confirms that dietary supplementation of NO up to 0.25% can improve common carp growth efficiency and increase the expression of genes (GH and IGF-I) related to muscle growthTNF-?, IL-8 and IL-1ß genes related to immune status, and liver and intestine histological status ocommon carp.
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    Immunohistochemical studies on infectious laryngotracheitis in the respiratory tract lesions in naturally infected laying hens
    (Kafkas Üniversitesi, 2018) Terzi, Funda; Aras, Zeki; Özdemir, Özgür; Yavuz, Orhan
    In this study, naturally infected by Gallid Herpesvirus type-1 in laying hens to be diagnosed by pathological and PCR methods. Sixty pieces of hens were collected in coops from Central Anatolia region. After necropsy, routine pathological processes were applied to the trachea/ larynx, sinuses, lungs and air sacs. All organs were also stained by immunoperoxidase method, and PCR methods were applied to formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues. Immunohistochemically, the positivities were seen in trachea/larynx (78.3%), sinuses (61.6%), lungs (45%) and air sacs (50%). Positive reactions were observed, in mucous and gland epithelia especially located at intracytoplasmic and rarely intranuclear. PCR positivity was observed in the trachea/larynx in 15 (25%) cases, in infraorbital sinus in 11 (18.3%) cases, in lungs in 8 (13.3%) cases and in air sacs in 6 (10%) cases following the tests performed. Following these results, it is easily concluded that histopathology and immunoperoxidase method can usable for diagnosing of the ILT. However, PCR results made by FFPE tissues showed that this method is not adequate to diagnose the ILT alone.
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    The preventive effects of different doses of Glucomannan on experimental aflatoxicosis in Japanese quails
    (Fundacao APINCO de Ciencia e Tecnologia Avicolas, 2017) Yavuz, Orhan; Özdemir, Özgür; Ortatatlı, Mustafa; Atalay, B.; Hatipo?lu, Fatih; Terzi, Funda
    This experimental study was performed to investigate whether there is a protective effect of different doses of Glucomannan using against aflatoxicosis in Japanese quail, and pathological changes and relative organ weights were compared. In the experiment, 60 one-day old male Japanese quails were used as divided into six different groups. Experimental groups were designated as Control(C), aflatoxin(A), glucomannan(GM), 2-fold dose of glucomannan(2GM), aflatoxin+glucomannan(A+GM) and aflatoxin+2-fold dose of glucomannan(A+2GM). While control group quails fed the standard ration as ad libitum, other groups were fed with the administrations additionally to standard diet respectively; 2mg/kg of aflatoxin to group A, 1g/kg of glucomannan to group GM, 2g/kg of glucomannan to group 2GM, 2mg/kg of aflatoxin and 1g/kg glucomannan to group A+GM, 2mg/kg of aflatoxin and 2g/ kg glucomannan to group A+2GM. All quails were euthanized at day 21 of the study and organs, (liver, spleen, kidney, thymus and bursa of Fabricius) were removed, weighed and subjected to routine histopathological procedures. Although any important macroscopic changes were not observed in the C, GM and 2GM groups, significant pathological changes were found in the groups of A, A+GM and A+2GM. In the A+GM group, the partial reduction in the severity of microscopic lesions were seen in liver, bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen, however a significant reduction in severity of lesions was noticed in A+2GM group. As a result of the study, 2g/kg of glucomannan has been found pathologically to be more effective than 1g/kg glucomannan in terms of the protection against aflatoxicosis by giving orally. © 2017, Fundacao APINCO de Ciencia e Tecnologia Avicolas. All rights reserved.