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Öğe Dietary supplementation of Agaricus bisporus by-products on development, egg production, egg quality, and antioxidant capacity of yolk in laying quails(Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 2024) Sarmiento-García, Ainhoa; Olgun, Osman; Kılınç, Gözde; Sevim, BehlülThe effect of dietary supplementation with Agaricus bisporus mushrooms powder (ABP) from by-products on the development, egg production, egg quality, and antioxidant yolk capacity of Japanese laying quail was assessed. A total of 100 female quails 20-week-old were allotted to 5 treatments (5 replications, 4 females each) and received a basal diet supplemented with six graded levels of ABP (0 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg, 5.0 g/kg, 7.5 g/kg and 10.0 g/kg) according to ABP0, ABP25, ABP50, ABP75, and ABP100 groups for 70 days. The results indicated no adverse impact (P>0.05) of dietary ABP on production performance and egg internal quality. A quadratic effect was described for egg-breaking strength (P<0.05) and eggshell thickness (P<0.01), showing the highest values at a dose of 7.5 g/kg ABP. Compared to the control, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) yolk reduction was higher (quadratic) in the 5.0 g/kg ABP diet (P<0.001), while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased linearly in all groups fed with ABP (P<0.001) as compared to the control group. The results suggest that the eggs from ABP quails could have an added value that would improve their marketability. The favourable findings of the current research demonstrate that including mushroom by-products in animal feed could reduce animal feed costs and reduce environmental damage.Öğe Dietary supplementation with mushroom powder (Agaricus bisporus) on performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and bone biomechanical properties of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2024) Sevim, Behlül; Ünal, Kübra; Olgun, Osman; Gökmen, Seyit AhmetThis study was performed to determine the effect of mushroom powder (MP) (Agaricus bisporus) supplementation on growing Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). A total of 300 unsexed 1-day-old Japanese quails with similar body weights (8.38 ± 0.2 g) were randomly assigned to five treatment groups with six replications. Additions of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, or 1.00% of MP to the basal diet were used to develop the treatment groups. Quails were fed ad libitum for 42 days. At the end of the experiment, 12 quails from each experimental unit were euthanised to determine performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and bone biochemical properties. Results showed that all dietary MP did not negatively affect any performance parameters (P > 0.05), while by the third week of life, there was an increase (P < 0.05) in body weight and body weight gain in the quails of the 0.75% MP group compared to the control group. Nevertheless, these differences disappeared at the end of the trial (P > 0.05). No differences were observed (P > 0.05) for any of the studied carcass traits, except for the pancreas weight which decreased (P < 0.05) with the addition of high MP (1.00%). Regarding meat quality, all color parameters were affected on the fifth day of sampling (P < 0.05) but not on the first day (P > 0.05). It was detected that the breast of the quails in group 0.75% MP had the highest L* value and the lowest a* value. While the breast of the 1.00% MP group had the highest b value and the lowest pH value. Dietary MP enhanced oxidative stability, reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) value in the breast compared to the control at both sampling points (P < 0.01), being more noted on the fifth day of sampling. Bone biomechanical properties (in terms of shear force or shear stress) were improved (P < 0.01) with the dietary addition of MP at 0.75% compared to the control. It can be suggested that MP is a secure ingredient in animal feed without negatively affecting performance parameters, carcass traits, or meat quality. Therefore, including an interval of 0.50–0.75% of MP in the diet of growing quails could be a suitable strategy to improve certain parameters such as the meat’s oxidative stability and the bone’s biomechanical parameters. Moreover, the efficacy of MP on performance development would be greater during the first weeks of the quails’ life due to their intestinal conditions at this stage.Öğe Effect of corn-soybean meal based diets with low calcium and available phosphorus in male broilers on performance, tibia criteria and jejunum histomorphology(Cambridge University Press, 2024) Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, Yusuf; Gül, Esra Tu?çe; Ahmet Gökmen, Seyit; Sevim, BehlülThis trial has been conducted to determine the effect of reducing calcium (Ca) and available phosphorus (AvP) on performance, carcass yield, tibia traits, and jejunum histomorphology in broilers. For this purpose, 480 one-day-old Ross 308 male chicks have been distributed to 4 trial groups with 8 subgroups. During starter period, birds have been fed with recommended or reduced Ca and AvP levels of 66.7 g/kg and 62.5 g/kg, respectively. Calcium and AvP contents of the groups have been as follows: Control, 8.70 g/kg Ca - 4.40 g/kg AvP for grower and 7.80 g/kg Ca - 3.90 g/kg AvP for finisher; LCP1, 8.30 g/kg Ca - 4.20 g/kg AvP for grower and 7.10 g/kg Ca - 3.50 g/kg AvP for finisher; LPC2, 7.90 g/kg Ca - 4.00 g/kg AvP for grower and 6.00 g/kg Ca - 3.00 g/kg AvP for finisher; LPC3, 7.00 g/kg Ca - 3.80 g/kg for grower and 5.00 g/kg Ca - 3.00 g/kg AvP for finisher. Performance parameters have been calculated from the data of each period, and samples have been taken from the slaughtered birds at the final of trial (42nd d) for carcass and tibia traits and jejunum histomorphology. Reducing dietary Ca and AvP did not affect the broiler performance, carcass yield, and mortality. Tibia ash decreased in LCP2 and LCP3 groups (P<0.01). Villus width and villus surface area increased in LCP2 and LCP3. Overall, feeding with a diet 100 g/kg lower than the recommended Ca and AvP did not affect performance in broilers, but improved jejunal development.Öğe Effect of using hydroxychloride as a copper source on performance, eggshell quality, tibia properties, mineral excretion, and antioxidant capacity of yolk in layer quails(Cambridge University Press, 2024) Gül, Esra Tu?çe; Olgun, Osman; Kılınç, Gözde; Gökmen, Fatih; Yıldız, Alpönder; Uygur, Veli; Sevim, Behlül; Sarmiento-García, AinhoaThis research aimed to examine the impact of varying levels of dietary copper (Cu) hydroxychloride on the performance, egg quality, yolk antioxidant capacity, tibia traits, and mineral excretion in laying quails. 125 female 10-week-old quails were randomly distributed into five experimental groups with 5 replicates, each consisting of 5 quails. Five experimental isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were designed to contain different Cu hydroxychloride (54% Cu) levels at 7.20 (basal diet), 15, 30,45, and 60 mg/kg respectively. Quails were fed with trial diets for 12 weeks. Performance, egg production, eggshell quality, and biomechanical traits of the tibia were not impacted (P>0.005) by variations in dietary Cu levels. Yolk antioxidant capacity, measured as yolk DPPH value, exhibited an increase (P<0.01) in the high-dose group (60 mg/kg). Regarding tibia mineral concentration, Cu concentration decreased linearly (P<0.001) with increasing Cu level, manganese and zinc content recorded the highest values in quails that had received 60 mg/kg Cu in the diet (P<0.01), while the lowest phosphorus content was described for 45 and 60 mg/kg. Contrarily, increases (P<0.01) in dietary Cu resulted in raised faecal Cu content, while phosphorus, manganese, and zinc, were reduced when Cu was added. It can be inferred that adding Cu to the diet of laying quails would not be necessary, which in turn decreases Cu excretion and prevents substantial environmental harm.Öğe Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides and coated calcium butyrate on performance, carcass parameters, blood biochemistry and meat quality of growing Japanese quails(Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (CSIC-INIA), 2023) Gümüş, Erinç; Sevim, Behlül; Olgun, Osman; Küçükersan, SeherDespite previous research into mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) and calcium butyrate coated with palm oil (CCB) in poultry, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding the effects of these feed additives, either individually or in combination, on the growth performance, carcass values, blood biochemistry, immune response, and meat quality of growing Japanese quails. Area of study: Türkiye. Material and methods: A total of 168 mixed-sex one-day-old quails were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups, with each group containing 7 birds per cage. The control group was fed a basal diet, while the treatment groups received the following additives: 1 g/kg of CCB, 2 g/kg of MOS, and a combination of MOS+CCB added to the basal diet, respectively. Main results: None of the treatments had a significant impact on performance, relative organ weights, total protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lipoprotein lipase concentrations in blood serum, or humoral immunity on day 28. However, the inclusion of MOS and CCB in the diet, either individually or in combination, increased carcass yield and reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood serum. Additionally, these additives helped maintain optimal pH levels and lower malondialdehyde concentrations in the breast meat. Moreover, the combination of MOS + CCB significantly improved water holding capacity and antibody titers against the Newcastle Disease vaccine on day 42 in Japanese quails. Research highlights: The natural feed additives CCB and MOS contribute to enhanced carcass yield, improved meat quality, and strengthened humoral immunity, while simultaneously lowering lipid values in the bloodstream.Öğe Performance and meat quality characteristics of male quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed diets supplemented with pomegranate seed oil(Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (CSIC-INIA), 2023) Sarmiento-García, Ainhoa; Gökmen, Seyit A.; Sevim, Behlül; Olgun, OsmanPomegranate seed oil (PSO) is a nutritive, antioxidant-rich by-product, and it has been tested as a feed ingredient for livestock. However, studies on quails are scarce. The current study investigated that the effect of PSO on the performance and meat instrumental quality of quails. Area of study: Türkiye. Material and methods: A total of 60 seventy-day-old male quails were equally subjected to 3 dietary treatments con-sisting of 20 birds (5 replicates with 4 birds each). The quails were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 pomegranate seed oil (PSO). After 10 weeks, two birds per subgroup were randomly selected and slaughtered. Main results: Supplementation of PSO reduced (p<0.05) feed intake and body weight gain linearly. However, there was no significant effect of PSO on carcass traits. For color parameters, the L* and b* values of breast and thigh meat increased with the addition of PSO to the diet (p<0.05). Cooking losses were highest in the thigh of quails fed 200 mg kg-1 PSO. On the other hand, in the breast, the lowest values for this parameter were observed in the groups that had received 100 mg kg-1 of PSO. Research highlights: Including 100 mg kg-1 of PSO can improve some meat quality characteristics without affecting performance parameters. There is a possibility that meat quality could be negatively affected by values higher than this. Nevertheless, further research is needed to determine the optimal dose of PSO to improve quail meat quality and its performance.Öğe Performance and meat quality characteristics of male quails (Coturnix coturnixjaponica) fed diets supplemented with pomegranate seed oil(Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 2023) Sarmiento-Garcia, Ainhoa; Gökmen, Seyit A.; Sevim, Behlül; Olgun, OsmanPomegranate seed oil (PSO) is a nutritive, antioxidant-rich by-product, and it has been tested as a feed ingredient for livestock. However, studies on quails are scarce. The current study investigated that the effect of PSO on the performance and meat instrumental quality of quails. Area of study: Turkiye. Material and methods: A total of 60 seventy-day-old male quails were equally subjected to 3 dietary treatments con-sisting of 20 birds (5 replicates with 4 birds each). The quails were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 pomegranate seed oil (PSO). After 10 weeks, two birds per subgroup were randomly selected and slaughtered. Main results: Supplementation of PSO reduced (p<0.05) feed intake and body weight gain linearly. However, there was no significant effect of PSO on carcass traits. For color parameters, the L* and b* values of breast and thigh meat increased with the addition of PSO to the diet (p<0.05). Cooking losses were highest in the thigh of quails fed 200 mg kg-1 PSO. On the other hand, in the breast, the lowest values for this parameter were observed in the groups that had received 100 mg kg-1 of PSO. Research highlights: Including 100 mg kg-1 of PSO can improve some meat quality characteristics without affecting performance parameters. There is a possibility that meat quality could be negatively affected by values higher than this. Nevertheless, further research is needed to determine the optimal dose of PSO to improve quail meat quality and its performance.Öğe Reuse of vegetable wastes in animal feed: the influence of red beet powder supplementation on performance, egg quality, and antioxidant capacity of layer quails(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Sarmiento-García, Ainhoa; Olgun, Osman; Kılınç, Gözde; Sevim, Behlül; Gökmen, Seyit AhmetThe survey was carried out to establish the impact of red beet powder (RBP) on performance parameters and egg quality in laying quails. One twenty hundred (120) female laying quails aged 22 weeks were randomly assigned into five groups of 4 females each, and six replicates. Treatments diets were formed by adding 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8% RBP to the basal diet. The dietary inclusion of RBP did not affect performance parameters and egg production (P > 0.05) except feed conversion ratio, which was quadratically affected (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was improved in the 0.4% group with concerning control. The inclusion of RBP did not modify the yolk color (L*, a*, b*) or egg quality (P > 0.05). However, the yolk index showed the highest value (P < 0.05) in quails fed 0.2% RBP. Free radical scavenging capacity (DPPH) of the yolk decreased (P < 0.05) when RBP levels increased above 0.6%. In contrast, the 0.6% RBP group had the highest level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Data from the present study provide valuable information to include RBP as an ingredient without affecting performance and egg production. It is an interesting option within the framework of the circular economy and of reusing vegetable products to use this ingredient in animal feed.Öğe The Effect of Sodium Formatted Addition on the Quality of No-Cob Sweet Corn Silage(Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP), 2023) Duru, Asuman Arslan; Sevim, Behlül; İnal, İlker; Çakır, Bülent; Olgun, Osman; Ayaşan, TurgayThis study was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of organic acid-based sodium formate (SF) addition on nutrient contents, fermentation quality, dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, and relative feed value of no-cob sweet corn silages. In the experiment, groups were formed by adding 0 % SF (control group), 1 % SF and 2 % SF to no-cob corn, and the fermentation period continued for 60 days. At the end of the study, it was determined that SF supplement decreased the dry matter, crude protein, crude oil, ADF, NDF, starch, ME, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and ethanol contents of corn silages, whereas it increased lactic acid, crude ash, and starch levels. In addition, it was found that the pH values of the experiment silages were statistically decreased with the addition of 1 % SF; dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, and relative feed values were found to increase. At the end of the study, it was concluded that 1 % SF addition could be used because of its positive effect on the fermentation properties and dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, and relative feed values as well as pH lowering and lactic acid-increasing effect of no-cob corn silages.Öğe The use of purple carrot powder in the diet of laying quails improved some egg quality characteristics, including antioxidant capacity(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Sarmiento-Garcia, Ainhoa; Olgun, Osman; Kılınç, Gözde; Sevim, Behlül; Gökmen, Seyit AhmetThe goal of the current experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary concentrations of purple carrot powder (PCP) on performance, egg production, egg quality, and the antioxidant capacity of the yolk in laying quails. A total of one hundred and fifty 22-week-old Japanese laying quails were allotted to 5 dietary treatments each with 6 replicates of 5 quails. Quails were allocated to five dietary treatments (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4%) with PCP addition at an increasing level from 0 to 4000 mg/kg diet respectively, which were fed ad-libitum throughout the duration of the experiment. No differences were detected between dietary treatments for any of the performance parameters or egg production. Eggshell weight and eggshell thickness (P < 0.05) were linearly affected by PCP dietary, reaching maximum levels at 0.4% of PCP supplementation, while the percentage of damaged egg and egg-breaking strength remained similar for all experimental groups (P < 0.05). Quails receiving PCP diets showed a yellowness (b*) (P < 0.05) egg yolk color than those fed the control diet, without affecting the rest of the color parameters and egg internal quality. Increasing PCP levels in diets reduced linearly yolk TBARS (P < 0.01) and increased linearly DPPH (P < 0.01). The addition of PCP, a safe and readily available agricultural by-product, as a component of the diet of laying quail was effective without adversely affecting quail production. Moreover, the inclusion of PCP in the diet might benefit laying quails’ eggs by improving some quality traits and enhancing the yolk’s antioxidant capacity, which could improve their shelf-life and acceptability.Öğe Yumurtacı Bıldırcın (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Karma Yemlerine Farklı Formlarda Biberiye Esansiyel Yağı İlavesinin Performans, Yumurta Kalitesi ve Yumurta Antioksidan Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi(Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi, 2023) Behlül, Sevim; Olgun, Osman; Kılınç, Gözde; Yavuz, MusaMevcut çalışma, yumurtacı Japon bıldırcını karma yemlerine farklı formlarda biberiye esansiyel yağı ilavesinin performans, yumurta kalitesi ve yumurta antioksidan özelliklerine etkisini tespit etmek için yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada toplam 80 adet bıldırcın her bir kafeste dört bıldırcının bulunduğu beş tekerrürlü dört gruba rastgele dağıtılmıştır. Kontrol grubu bazal yemle, deneme grupları ise bazal yeme biberiyenin 100 mg/kg düzeyindeki 3 farklı formunun (kapsülleme, zeolite emdirme, püskürtme) ilavesinden oluşan rasyonlar ile yemleme yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda karma yeme farklı formlarda biberiye esansiyel yağı ilavesi performans, yumurta kalitesi ve yumurta antioksidan parametrelerini etkilememiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre yumurtacı bıldırcın karma yemlerine farklı formlarda biberiye esansiyel yağı eklenmesinin incelenen parametreler açısından bir etkisi olmamıştır. Bununla birlikte, kapsüllenmiş biberiye esansiyel yağı, diğer muamelelere kıyasla DPPH açısından sayısal bir fark yaratmıştır. Kapsüllenmiş biberiye esansiyel yağının etkilerini daha iyi anlamak için farklı seviyelerin kullanıldığı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.Öğe Yumurtlayan bıldırcın rasyonlarına portakal kabuğu yağı ilavesinin performans, kabuk kalitesi ve bazı serum parametreleri üzerine etkisi(Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP), 2020) Sevim, Behlül; Olgun, Osman; Şentürk, Esra Tuğçe; Yıldız, Alp ÖnderBu çalışmanın amacı yumurtalayan bıldırcın rasyonlarına farklı düzeylerde (0, 50, 100, 200, 300 ve 400 mg/kg) portakal kabuğu yağı ilavesinin performansa, kabuk kalitesine ve bazı serum parametreleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemektir. Altı haftalık denemede, 20 haftalık yaşta toplam 120 adet dişi Japon bıldırcını her birinde 5 bıldırcın bulunan 4 tekerrürlü 6 deneme grubuna dağıtılmıştır. Rasyona farklı seviyelerde portakal kabuğu yağı ilavesi performans ve kabuk kalınlığı hariç kabuk kalitesi parametrelerini etkisi önemsiz olmuştur. Kabuk kalınlığı, rasyona portakal kabuğu yağı ilavesi ile önemli derecede azalmış ve bu azalış 200 mg/kg seviyesi itibariyle daha belirgin olmuştur. Serum glukoz, kreatinin, albümin, globülin, total protein, ALT ve AST konsantrasyonları portakal kabuğu yağından etkilenmemiştir. Serum kolesterol konsantrasyonu rasyona 400 mg/kg portakal kabuğu yağı ilavesi ile önemli derecede azalmıştır. Serum kalsiyum konsantrasyonu kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında rasyona 100 ve 200 mg/kg portakal yağı ilavesi ile önemli derecede artmıştır. Serum fosfor konsantrasyonu ise 100 mg/kg ve üzeri portakal kabuğu yağı ilavesiyle önemli derecede yükselmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre portakal kabuk yağının 400 mg/kg seviyesinde kolesterol azaltıcı ve 100 mg/kg seviyesinde ise mineral metabolizmasını iyileştirici etkisi olduğu ancak bu olumlu etkisinin kabuk kalınlığındaki düşmeyi engelleyemediği söylenebilir.
