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    Biostatistical analysis of modifiable risk factors of myocardial infarction
    (Khyber Medical College, 2016) Khan, Muhammad Zubair; Pervaiz, Muhammad Khalid; Iqbal, Muhammad Zeeshan
    Objective: To examine the degree of dependency of myocardial infarction (MI) on its modifiable risk factors and development of a statistical model for prediction of the probability of MI in the presence of other diseases. Material and Methods: This was a analytic which was conducted on a sample of 2000 subjects including 1000 cases and 1000 controls. Data was collected from various cardiac centers and hospitals from all the four provinces of Pakistan from February 2013 to March 2014 Data includes both the genders. Logistic regression analysis is performed to measure the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Odds ratios are calculated to see the sensitivity of all the modifiable risk factors to MI. Statistical data analysis softwares SPSS and Eviews are used for running analysis. Results: The gender wise percentages of subjects are 55.8% females and 44.2% males in this study. All the modifiable risk factors are playing positive role in terms of association with the dependent variable MI. Hypertension is found to be the most significant risk of MI with Odds Ratio (OR) of 10.20 followed by diabetes mellitus with OR of 8.37 and obesity with OR of 7.72. Conclusion: In this study the modifiable risk factors obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, easily angered, cholesterol level, alcohol, eating habit, income class and smoking are proved statistically significant in the development of disease MI. © 2016, Khyber Medical College. All rights reserved.
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    Impact of imports & Exports on the profitability of Pakistani Banks
    (Aksaray Üniversitesi, 2016) Khan, Muhammad Zubair; Yeniçeri, Tülay
    This paper aims at examining the level of influence the macroeconomic variables (Exports & Imports) have on the profitability of commercial banks in Pakistan. The study covers the period 2005 to 2009 on quarterly basis. The period from 2005 to 2009 was chosen because during the given period, the global financial sector has shown a trend of significant decrease in profitability due to the global economic downturn (crisis) with many reputable banks liquidation deposit and this also negatively affected the banking sector in Pakistan including both private and public. In the study least square regression technique is applied to the data for analysis, in the line with Indranarain et al. (2009). The study used the Return on Assets (ROA) as a measure of profitability. Two variables, including exports and imports are used as explanatory variables. Both exports and imports are key factors in any country’s economy around the world. The activity of imports and exports always brings employment, economic growth, and prosperity to the countries. All analyzes of this study are performed using the statistical software "Eviews-7". To test the autocorrelation in the collected data, Durbin-Watson statistic is used. Multicollinearity of the data is diagnosed by making the correlation matrix. Stationarity of the data is checked by using the “individual unit root test”. The results obtained from the regression models show that both imports and exports are significantly affecting the bank’s profitability. The better regression model is consisting of the macro-economic variable exports.