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    ChatGPT-4o?s performance on pediatric Vesicoureteral reflux
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Akyol Önder, Esra Nagehan; Ensari, Esra; Ertan, Pelin
    Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common congenital or acquired urinary disorder in children. Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is an artificial intelligence-driven platform offering medical information. This research aims to assess the reliability and readability of ChatGPT-4o?s answers regarding pediatric VUR for general, non-medical audience. Materials and methods: Twenty of the most frequently asked English-language questions about VUR in children were used to evaluate ChatGPT-4o?s responses. Two independent reviewers rated the reliability and quality using the Global Quality Scale (GQS) and a modified version of the DISCERN tool. The readability of ChatGPT responses was assessed through the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) Score, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Gunning Fog Index (GFI), Coleman-Liau Index (CLI), and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG). Results: Median mDISCERN and GQS scores were 4 (4–5) and 5 (3–5), respectively. Most of the responses of ChatGPT have moderate (55 %) and good (45 %) reliability according to the mDISCERN score and high quality (95 %) according to GQS. The mean ± standard deviation scores for FRE, FKGL, SMOG, GFI, and CLI of the text were 26 ± 12, 15 ± 2.5, 16.3 ± 2, 18.8 ± 2.9, and 15.3 ± 2.2, respectively, indicating a high level of reading difficulty. Discussion: While ChatGPT-4o offers accurate and high-quality information about pediatric VUR, its readability poses challenges, as the content is difficult to understand for a general audience. Conclusion: ChatGPT provides high-quality, accessible information about VUR. However, improving readability should be a priority to make this information more user-friendly for a broader audience.
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    Response to commentary on: ChatGPT-4o's performance on pediatric vesicoureteral reflux
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Akyol Önder, Esra Nagehan; Ensari, Esra; Ertan, Pelin
    The current study evaluated the reliability and readability of ChatGPT-4o’s responses regarding pediatric vesicoureteral reflux [1]. The sources of information have been rapidly evolving, with AI and chatbots, such as ChatGPT, emerging as significant contributors. The scope of artificial intelligence (AI) usage has been expanding in the medical field. However, further research and validation by researchers and healthcare professionals are required before AI can be widely used as a reliable public source of information.