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Öğe A generic platform for self-illuminating unimolecular systems enabling photodynamic therapy(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Toksoy, Alihan; Pekcan, Simge; Susam, Alim; Erkan, Dilek Sadife; Algı, Melek Pamuk; Algı, FatihThis work delineates a generic platform, 1-((1,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazin-6-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl 2-(6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)benzoate, (conjugate 1), for self-illuminating unimolecular systems that can both glow in physiological pH (7.4) and enable photodynamic therapy (PDT) in highly acidic environments. It is noteworthy that conjugate 1 induces chemiluminescence upon treatment with KO2 at physiological pH. Also, it is remarkable that this straightforward design effectively boosts the singlet oxygen generation. Most strikingly, conjugate 1 can function as a photosensitizer even in highly acidic environments. Crucially, conjugate 1 shows in vitro phototoxicity when illuminated for 30 min. Furthermore, the capability of conjugate 1 as a self-illuminating PDT agent is explored. To our delight, we noted that conjugate 1 can eliminate 79% of cancerous cells upon chemical excitation being triggered in vitro. The data render its efficiency as a self-illuminating anticancer therapy agent. Last but not least, conjugate 1 can successfully inhibit the growth of bacteria. Also, we found that the shelf life of the acidic beverages can be extended from 2 days to ? 6–7 days after photodynamic sterilization with conjugate 1. To our best knowledge, this is the first example of luminol-based self-illuminating unimolecular systems enabling PDT for anticancer and antibacterial activities.Öğe Norsquaraine endowed with anticancer and antibacterial activities(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Boran Gülen, Rukiye; Sonkaya, Ömer; Erkan, Dilek Sadife; Toksoy, Alihan; Algı, Melek Pamuk; Algı, FatihPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a method for the treatment of cancer. Furthermore, PDT can also be used for the eradication of bacteria. The photo-sensitizing drug, a.k.a photosensitizer, is critical for the success of PDT. Although norsquaraines are analogs of squaraine dyes, they are overlooked as photosensitizers. Methods: In this work, synthesis, characterization, bioimaging and in vitro PDT applications of a new norsquaraine dye 1 were described. We also prepared nanoparticles from norsquaraine 1 and Pluronic F127 to obtain 1@F127. Results: Norsquaraine 1 boosted the generation of reactive oxygen species over a wide range of pH (pH 8.0, 7.0, 6.0, and 2.2.). Furthermore, 1 was internalized by epidermoid laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 (Hep-2) cells and used for fluorescence imaging. Remarkably, norsquaraine 1 destroyed most of the cancer cells (ca. 77% to 89%) after illumination with red light. Most strikingly, 1 successfully inhibited the growth of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) upon illumination. Last but not least, photodynamic sterilization of tomato juice, an acidic beverage, was feasible using 1 as a photo sterilizer. Nano formulation of 1 with Pluronic F127 provided 1@F127 nanoparticles. It is lucid that 1@F127 nanoparticles permeate into Hep-2 cells and boost the generation of ROS upon illumination. Conclusion: Norsquaraine 1 shows superior features as a photosensitizer pertinent to PDT in a wide range of pH. This norsquaraine is endowed with anticancer and antibacterial activities. Which should be further evaluated.Öğe Yakın kızılötesi bölgede fotodinamik terapi yapabilenheptametinsiyanin tabanlı hidrojel tasarımı ve sentezi(Aksaray Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2021) Erkan, Dilek Sadife; Algı, Fatih; Algı, Melek PamukFotodinamik terapi (FDT) son zamanlarda kanser tedavisinde kullanımı yaygınlaşmış yöntemlerden birisidir. Klinik onaylı bazı FDT ajanları mevcut olsa da sağlıklı dokularda birikme, fizyolojik ortamda topaklanma ve vücuttan kolay uzaklaştırılamama gibi dezavantajları nedeniyle yeni ajanlara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Siyanin boyaları fototerapötik pencerede (650-850 nm) soğurma ve emisyon yapabilen organik boyalardır. Fototerapötik pencerede doku ışık geçirgenliği yüksek olduğu için bu bölgede FDT yapabilen malzemeler oldukça popüler hale gelmiştir. Hidrojeller suda çözünmeyen ve içerisine su alarak şişebilen üç boyutlu polimerik malzemelerdir. Suda bir denge hacmine kadar şişerler. Absorbladıkları su miktarı oldukça fazladır ve oldukça geçirgen yapılara sahiptir. Bu bilgiler göz önüne alınarak tez kapsamında FDT ajanı olarak kullanılabilecek bir boyanın tasarımı ve sentezi planlanmıştır. Ayrıca sentezlenen boya kullanılarak hidrojel elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda yakın kızılötesi bölgede FDT yapabilen siyanin tabanlı hidrojel sentezi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Son aşamada ise hidrojelin spektroskopik yöntemlerle (SEM, TGA) karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır.