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    Effects of Intrauterine Isoproterenol Administration on Ovarian Follicular Development in Cows
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Tohumcu, Vefa; Cengiz, Mehmet; Hayirli A.; Altınkaynak, K.; Arslanbaş, Emre; Çıplak, Alper Yasin; Aydın, S.; Alat, Ömercan
    Isoproterenol (ISO) is a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor agonist known for its vasodilatory effects. This experiment aims to investigate whether intrauterine ISO administration could alter vascular indices and follicular development in postpartum Holstein cows. Objectives: The objectives are to evaluate the effects of intrauterine ISO administration on vascular changes and its impact on follicular development compared to placebo groups. Study Design: This randomized controlled study was conducted on 36 Holstein cows selected based on their health status, including only those free from reproductive, metabolic and infectious disorders. Methods: The cows (n = 36) were divided into two groups as control received distilled water alone (CON, n = 18) and experiment received 4 mg ISO in 40 mL distilled water (ISO, n = 18) and four subgroups as CON-I (n = 9), CON-II (n = 9), ISO-I (n = 9) and ISO-II (n = 9) according to days of intrauterine administration (I or II represents to 1 or 2 days after ovulation, respectively). Uterine and ovarian artery blood flows were assessed before and after administration by Doppler ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected both before and after administration (on Day 1 or 2) and on Days 3, 6 and 9 post-ovulation for hormonal analysis. Antral follicle count (AFC) was recorded on the blood sampling days. Data were analysed via mixed model ANOVA. Results: Intrauterine ISO administration significantly increased the pulse rate (PR) in the ovaries (89.4 vs. 65.5 bpm, p < 0.0001) and uterus (90.6 vs. 64.2 bpm, p < 0.0001). Early AFC (1–2.9 mm) decreased, whereas small AFC (3–4.9 mm) increased in the ISO groups. The weighted average antral follicle size (WAAFS) significantly increased in the ISO group but remained unchanged in the controls. Hormonal analysis revealed elevated levels of FSH (626 vs. 468 mIU/mL), AMH (61.3 vs. 46.4 ng/L), E2 (138 vs. 122 ng/L), P4 (15.3 vs. 10.6 ng/mL), IGF-1 (62.6 vs. 25.1 ng/mL) and IGFBP-3 (28.4 vs. 16.5 ng/mL) in the ISO groups (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The findings indicate that intrauterine administration of ISO on Day 1 post-ovulation could be a promising ‘adjunct technique’ for future research focussed on minimizing dependence on exogenous hormones or improving the sensitivity of follicles to endogenous hormonal signals, thereby potentially enhancing oocyte yield.
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    The effects of dry-off therapy on milk somatic cell count in saanen goats
    (Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-TÜBİTAK, 2015) Baştan, Ayhan; Salar, Seçkin; Baki Acar, Duygu; Demirel, Murşide Ayşe; Cengiz, Mehmet; Darbaz, İsfendiyar; Bulut, Gaye
    The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of dry-off antibiotic therapy and teat sealant on somatic cell count (SCC) in Saanen goats. The goats were randomly divided into 3 groups. In Groups I (n = 50) and II (n = 50), the goats were treated with intramammary antibiotics and a combination of intramammary antibiotics and internal teat sealant at dry-off, respectively. The animals in Group III (n = 50) were designated as the control group. For the SCC analysis and bacteriological examination, milk samples (n = 900) were collected separately from each udder half during routine morning milking, prior to drying off, and at months 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of following lactation. The pretreatment prevalence of intramammary infection at dry-off was 4.7% (7/150) for halves. Isolated pathogens were coagulase-negative staphylococci (57.1%) and S. aureus (42.9%) from infected halves. Dry-off antibiotic and dry-off antibiotic with teat sealant therapy reduced milk SCC levels significantly (P < 0.01) when compared to the control group. On the other hand, the difference in SCC between dry-off antibiotic and dry-off antibiotic with teat sealant therapy groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.01). In conclusion, intramammary antibiotics administered alone and a combination of intramammary antibiotics and teat sealant reduced milk SCC levels significantly.