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  • Küçük Resim
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    Novel, multifunctional mucilage composite films incorporated with cellulose nanofibers
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2019) Mujtaba, Muhammad; Akyüz, Lalehan; Koç, Behlül; Kaya, Murat; İlk, Sedef; Cansaran-Duman, Demet; Salaberria Martinez, Asier; Çakmak, Yavuz Selim; Labidi, Jalel; Boufi, Sami
    In the current study, mucilage composite films were produced by incorporating the cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) at different concentrations i.e., 3 and 6% to chia mucilage matrix by solution casting method. To evaluate the effect of CNF incorporation into mucilage matrix, the obtained composite films were characterized extensively using both physicochemical and biological tools. FT-IR spectra confirmed the composite formation by broader -OH bond peaks than in the spectrum of mucilage control film and shift of C=O stretching vibration peak lower wave number and widen in the mucilage films including cellulose nanofibers. Cellulose nanofibers did not reveal a significant effect on the thermal properties of the all three composite films and dynamic thermogravimetric values were recorded as similar or equal to 287 degrees C. Atomic force microscopy revealed a homogenous distribution of cellulose nanofibers across the mucilage matrix. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that the inclusion of cellulose nanofibers in mucilage film led to an enhancement of the tensile modulus as well as the tensile strength, but without reducing the strain at break of the film. Cellulose nanofibers incorporation significantly enhanced the hydrophobic properties of the composite films. The cytotoxicity assay results demonstrated mucilage composite films were nontoxic and have anticancer properties; reducing the viability of cancer cell line by similar or equal to 20% and retaining the cell viability of epithelial cell line by similar or equal to 90%. Cellulose nanofibers incorporation also significantly enhanced the antioxidant and antimicrobial attributes of the mucilage composite films. Overall, the current study provided an idea regarding the biocompatible, non-toxic, highly antioxidative and antimicrobial biodegradable nature of mucilage-CNF composite films, making it a suitable candidate for food and pharmaceutical industry.
  • Küçük Resim
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    Production of novel chia-mucilage nanocomposite films with starch nanocrystals; An inclusive biological and physicochemical perspective
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2019) Mujtaba, Muhammad; Koç, Behlül; Salaberria, Asier Martinez; İlk, Sedef; Duman, Demet Cansaran; Akyüz, Lalehan; Çakmak, Yavuz Selim; Kaya, Murat; Khawar, Khalid Mahmood; Labidi, Jalel; Boufi, Sami
    In the current study, chia mucilage composite films with starch nanocrystals (3% and 6%) were produced. The films were analyzed physicochemically (FT-IR, AFM, TGA, DSC), mechanically (Tensile strength and contact angle) and biologically (antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity) properties. The incorporation of starch nanocrystals was confirmed through FT-IR spectra showing broad OH peak and CO stretching and shift in NH bending vibrations to the lower wave number. Starch nanocrystals enhanced (control 287.23?°C, film with 3% SNC 286.91?°C and film with 6% mucilage 289.41?°C) the thermal properties of the composite films. The Young Modulus of the film showed an increase after the incorporation of starch nanocrystals due to the strong interaction between mucilage and nanocrystals. On the other hand, the overall hydrophobicity of mucilage composite film decreased due to the hydrophilic nature of cornstarch nanocrystals. MTT assay for cell proliferation revealed significant inhibition of cancer cell (HepG2) lines and exhibits a very low inhibition of epithelial cell line (Vero). Starch nanocrystals enhanced the antibacterial and antioxidant (threefold increase compare to control) properties of mucilage composite films. Mucilage-SNC composite films could be a good therapeutic gain for control and directed drug delivery, food packaging, food coating.