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Öğe Alfalfa production costs and profitability status in Aksaray province in Turkey(University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2022) Acar, Mustafa; Gül, MevlütThis study aims to determine alfalfa's production costs and profitability in Aksaray Province. Clover producers were visited directly, and prepared forms related to the subject were applied to 70 clover producer enterprises. The surveyed enterprises were selected by chance. Data from clover-growing enterprises cover the 2019 production season. On average, the cost of clover per decare is 0.90 TL/kg, the sales price is 1.09 TL/kg, and the profit margin is 0.19 TL/kg for clover producing enterprises. The relative profit in enterprises was calculated as 1.21. The average value of gross profit and absolute profit for enterprises was determined as TL 890.11 and TL 373.70, respectively.Öğe Course evaluation using fuzzy linguistic rules(2012) Potts, Laramie V.; Miima, John B.; Acar, MustafaCourse evaluation has become a main issue in higher education because it is viewed as an important overall performance indicator of a school or university. The notion among engineering faculty that end-of-semester course evaluation (CE) is subjective and potentially a retaliatory tool in the hands of disgruntled students creates much controversy about the validity of student-centric CE. This belief can be particularly worrying to engineering faculty in a tenure track position whose merit-based performance evaluations are strongly tied to his/her educational scholarship. Limitations in current evaluation processes raise questions, such as, how is teaching effectiveness inferred from the data, and by whom? This paper asserts that student-centric CE does not provide sufficient information at the level of detail needed to assess the success of a course. Colleges that use course evaluations apply averages of a five-point Likerttype response scale for an indictor on the performance of the instruction. Likert-type response scales have crisp boundaries and thus are considered limiting. In general, many tangible and intangible factors should weigh in on performance evaluations of both the instructor's teaching quality and the student's learning accomplishments. Under such conditions, it is more difficult from simple statistical analysis to gauge effectively teaching quality and student skills learning. An alternate approach is to use linguistic assessments instead of numerical values. The fuzzy logic method is widely employed when using data of low precision and high uncertainty, including sparse information. In recent years, fuzzy logic algorithms have also been applied in machine control, grading examinations, and analyzing sustainability and development. In this study, the fuzzy logic approach is applied to course evaluation. Our model includes a twocomponent input dataset. Student end-of-course evaluation is counter-balanced with instructor evaluation of each student's performance. Instructor end-of-semester learning evaluation includes test scores, quizzes, student behavior and attitude, grades on laboratory exercises, and final exam grades. Fuzzy linguistic rules are developed that determine teaching quality as well as student performance. Results are compared for an introductory surveying course offered in 2007 and 2010. The model accounts for pedagogical innovation and teaching technology. The model's results suggest that the instructor on average scored a 20 percent more favorable score than using traditional evaluation from simple statistical analysis. Course evaluations using a two-component input model to fuzzy linguistic rules and variables offer more meaningful results as well as being an effective counter balance mechanism compared to traditional student-only evaluation data.Öğe Determination of strain accumulation in landslide areas with GPS measurements(2010) Acar, MustafaPeople have suffered from past to present from natural events such as earthquakes, landslides, avalanches and floods that are called disasters. It is necessary to monitor ground movements in areas where disasters like landslides may occur in order to reduce and mitigate effects of such disasters which put people's lives at risk. Space-based positioning technologies including the global positioning system (GPS), which have been very popular in geodetic studies in recent years, and was used effectively in projects involving determination of strains such as the movements of the earth's crust and landslides thanks to the high precision, speed of measurement and comfort that they offer. The present study evaluated the GPS measurements that were carried out in the Gurpinar landslide area between 1996 and 1998 and intended to determine the horizontal movements of earth's crust and accumulation of strain using these data. © 2010 Academic Journals.Öğe Determination of the displacements along the Tuzla fault (Aegean region-Turkey): Preliminary results from GPS and precise leveling techniques(Pergamon-Elsevıer Scıence Ltd, 2013) Özener, Haluk; Doğru, Aslı; Acar, MustafaBoth seismological and geodynamic studies emphasize that the Aegean region is deforming internally mainly under pure shear stress and rotating in an anti-clockwise direction relative to the Eurasia plate. The Aegean region is seismically the most active region in western Anatolia, which comprises the Hellenic Arc, Greece, and western Turkey. Izmir is the third largest city in Turkey, with a population about 2.7 million in 2010. The Tuzla fault has a particular importance in terms of its proximity to the city of Izmir and its seismic activity. The Tuzla fault has NE-SW trending lineaments and lies between the towns of Menderes and Cape Doganbey. This study intended to investigate crustal deformation and relative displacement along the Tuzla fault and Izmir Bay by two different geodetic techniques: GPS and precise leveling. Toward this aim, a geodetic network consisting of 16 points has been established. The first GPS observation campaign and precise leveling measurements were performed in 2009, and the second set of measurements was performed in 2010. The data collected by the GPS campaigns were processed with GAMIT/GLOBK software. The displacements inferred from GPS data are between 21 mm/yr and 25 mm/yr with respect to Eurasia as the fixed reference frame. In addition, the precise leveling results show that there is a vertical displacement in the region of around 7 mm along the fault, which is higher than expected during a nine-month interval. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Economic implications of Turkey’s regional ıntegration with its neighborhood(Ahmet Yesevi Üniversitesi, 2013) Aydın, Levent; Acar, MustafaThis paper analyzes the impact of Turkey’s regional integration with the neighbourhood in an applied general equilibrium framework. The standard GTAP model has been extended to address the two main components of Turkey’s possible integration: mutual elimination of import tariffs and free movement of labor among regions. The results suggest that all regions (Turkey, Russia, Former Soviet Union and the Middle East) would experience welfare gain under trade liberalization policy reform. Labor mobility does not cause considera- ble changes in real GDP (less than 0.1 percent) through in- creasing real wages in the labor exporting regions.Öğe Gerçek bir alim, mümtaz bir şahsiyet: Sabri Fehmi Ülgener(Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi, 2014) Acar, Mustafa; Bilir, HüsnüSabri Ülgener ülkemizin yetiştirdiği, bir elin parmakları kadar az sayıdaki değerli ilim adamından biridir. Ülgener, tarih, gelenek ve maneviyat ışığında kendimizi anlamak ve geleceğe yön verme arayışı bağlamında Muhafazakâr Düşünce geleneğinin de ağır toplarından biridir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle Sabri Ülgener’in hayatına ve çok yönlü kişiliğine değinilecek; daha sonra temel eserleri ele alınacak, metodolojisi ve zihniyet dünyası incelenecektir.Öğe Input use and factors affecting in potato farming in Turkiye(Ziraat ve Veteriner Üniversitesi (University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine), 2023) Gül, Mevlüt; Karlı, Bahri; Şirikçi, Bekir Sıtkı; Kadakoğlu, Bektaş; Taşcıoğlu, Yavuz; Akpınar, Metin Göksel; Yılmaz, Hilal; Acar, MustafaThe study aimed to analyse the technical applications of the farmers in the production of potatoes in Turkiye and to reveal the information sources that were affected. In this framework, the provinces of Nigde, Nevsehir, Izmir, Afyonkarahisar, Konya, Adana, Aksaray and Kayseri, which constitute more than half of Turkiye's potato production, were included in the scope of the research. Data were obtained from 533 farmers by face-to-face survey technique. The average of the interviewed farms was 14.07 hectares of potato cultivation area, 62.07% of which was for rent, 35.96% was property and 2.77% was lands held in partnership. As the scale of the farms' increases, the rate of rental land for potato cultivation increases. In the region average, almost half of the potato cultivation area was grown on rented land. In addition, the average parcel size of 2.72 hectares and the number of pieces of potato planted land cause an increase in pre- and post-production costs. 71.63% of the potatoes produced on the farms were table, 23.57% industrial type and 4.80% seed. Although 44 different kinds of potatoes were grown in the region, it was determined that the farmers gave weight to Melody, Madeleine, Jelly, Marabel, and Agria varieties. Seed diversity varies according to the characteristics of the regions. Seed use per hectare in the research area was determined as 4,076.6 kg in the average of the enterprises and 3,950.0 kg in the weighted average of the region. In the average of the farms interviewed, the labour force used per hectare was 1,419.4 hours, and the average of the region was 1,940.4 hours. In potato production, machinery was used for 37.7 hours on average and 56.5 hours on average for the region. The amount of nitrogen given per hectare in the potato cultivation areas was 416.6 kg, the weighted average of the region was 497.2 kg, the phosphorus 89.7 kg, the regional weighted average 108.2 kg, the potassium 75.2 kg, the regional weighted average 86.1 kg. The irrigation system was mainly in the form of sprinkler irrigation. Farmers in the selection of seeds; expressed the factors of yield level, price, ease of sale, germination power, and resistance to diseases and pests as very important criteria. The farmers were using traditional information sources in the selection of seeds. It was determined that modern information sources and traditional information sources were equally effective in agricultural control. The farms interviewed received high scores on the level of cultural practices in an agricultural struggle. It was determined that producers were more affected by modern information sources in potato cultivation in the region. The potato was a product that uses a high level of input. In this respect, more conscious use of inputs and policies that guide farmers to modern information sources were considered important in terms of sustainability.Öğe Investigation of post-earthquake displacements in viaducts using Geodetic and finite element methods(Copernicus Gesellschaft MBH, 2010) Güney, Deniz; Acar, Mustafa; Özlüdemir, M. Tevfik; Celik, Rahmi NurhanThis paper presents the results of research into the post-earthquake displacements of the partially constructed road viaducts in Bolu, Turkey after the Izmit/Kocaeli, (M-w = 7.4), and Duzce (M-w = 7.1) earthquakes on 17 August and 12 November 1999, respectively. The investigations on the viaducts were carried out using both Geodetic and Finite Element Methods (FEM). Firstly, all the geodetic network stations selected for the project were checked because of the recent deformation in the area. Then, new control stations were placed between the piers of the viaducts. 28 object points were placed and measured on each pier to determine their displacements. In the second stage, the behaviours of the viaducts were modelled using the FEM, and the Duzce earthquake acceleration record was analysed to observe the response of the viaducts in a time history domain. The modelled displacement response of the viaducts was compared with the geodetic measurements in order to interpret the sensitivity of the design calculation of the engineering model. The pier displacements that were geodetically measured and calculated using FEM peak pier displacements showed an increase in the piers located closer to the surface rupture from the Izmit/Kocaeli and Duzce earthquakes. The agreement between the observed and modelled displacements decreases with the increase in the distance from the fault line. Since, near the fault trace the horizontal displacement field is discontinuous and large inelastic deformation is expected, the behaviour of the part of the structure located near the fault line cannot be easily reproduced by FEM simulations. This is because the applied model loads derived from the source acceleration spectra cannot be included in the localized finite deformation effects. In order to obtain an improved engineering analysis, it is necessary to utilise more parameters in the numerical analysis.Öğe Serbest piyasa, bütçe ve rekabet: Üniversitelerde piyasa yönelimli yeniden yapılanma ihtiyacı(2013) Acar, Mustafa; Bilir, HüsnüKüreselleşme süreci duvarları yıkmakta ve dünyayı düzleştirmektedir. Gelişen ulaşım ve iletişim olanakları insanların, paranın, sermayenin, malların ve hizmetlerin dünya üzerinde daha kolay ve daha hızlı dolaşmasını mümkün kılmaktadır. Bu gelişmelere paralel olarak, küreselleşen dünyada uluslararası rekabet gücü giderek daha önemli hale gelmektedir. İster özel, isterse kamusal statüde olsunlar, üniversiteler ülkelerin gelişmesi, kalkınması, değişim ve dönüşümünde kritik rol oynayan, hayati önemi haiz kurumlardır. Ülkelerin rekabet gücüne üniversiteler iki yönden ciddi katkı yapmaktadırlar: Nitelikli insan gücünün yetiştirilmesi, teknoloji üretimi ve inovasyon. Bu çalışmada üniversitelerin bir ülkenin refahına ve rekabet gücüne kendilerinden beklenen katkıyı yapabilmeleri için birbiriyle bağlantılı üç konunun anahtar önem taşıdığı vurgulanmaktadır: Üniversitelerin piyasa mantığıyla uyumlu çalışması, bütçe bakımından kamusal kaynaklara bağımlılığın azaltılması ve üniversiteler arası rekabetin teşvik edilmesi. Üniversite ürettiği ürünün piyasada alıcısının bulunduğundan emin olmalıdır. Yetiştirdiği öğrencisi iş bulamayan, iş dünyasının ihtiyaç duyduğu teknoloji üretimine katkısı olmayan bir üniversite esas itibariyle kaynak israfı demektir. Üniversitenin her iki alanda verimli olabilmesi için bir yandan üniversiteler arası rekabet teşvik edilmeli, daha kaliteli bir eğitim-öğretim hizmeti üretmeli, bir yandan da daha iyi projeler üretme konusunda üniversiteler birbiriyle yarışmalıdır. Bu ise geniş boyutlu bütçeler gerektirmektedir. Dolayısıyla üniversitelerin kamu kaynaklarına bağımlılığını azaltacak, üniversite-sanayi işbirliğini teşvik edecek, yükseköğretim hizmetinden yararlananların kendileri için yapılan masrafların finansmanına katkısını artıracak, bütçeden üniversitelere performansa göre ödenek aktarılmasını mümkün kılacak tedbirler alınmalıdır.Öğe The effect of innovation on employment: an ARDL bounds testing approach for Turkey(Sosyoekonomi Derneği, 2022) Acar, Mustafa; Sever, ErşanSince the acceleration of technological advancements, many studies have been done in the economics literature on the direction and extent of the relationship between innovation and employment. The findings of these studies indicate that there is no unanimity among the researchers on an innovation-employment relationship. Based on annual data for the 1990-2018 period, this paper investigates the effect of innovation on employment in the Turkish economy using the ARDL bounds testing approach. The results obtained from the analysis show that exports of high-tech products, R&D expenditures, and changes in the number of firms positively affect employment, whereas, contrary to expectations, the number of domestic patent applications seems to affect it negatively.Öğe The impact of exchange rate volatility on employment: experience of Turkey in the 2000s(Cahit AYDEMİR, 2022) Sever, Erşan; Acar, MustafaResulting the February 2001 crisis, Turkey switched to floating exchange rate system in the early 2000s. In theory, it is accepted that the floating exchange rate system not only absorbs shocks but also provides freedom in monetary policies for the central bank. In recent decades, however, variations in exchange rates and volatility have been larger than that of predicted by theoretical models, especially in the developing countries. Based on autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) bound test method, this article investigates the impact of exchange rate changes and volatility on the level of employment in Turkey by using quarterly data for a sixteen-year period covering 2004:Q1-2020:Q1. AR (1)-TGARCH (1,1) technique was used to measure exchange rate volatility. According to ARDL bound test results, while increases in exchange rate positively affects the level of employment, the exchange rate volatility affects it negatively. In addition, rise in exports provides positive support to the growth in employment level. Lastly , there is an inverse relationship between interest rates and employment level. These results indicate that the development in economic circumstances provides positive support to the investment enthusiasm of economic decision makers and that growing business volumes increase the number of employed people.Öğe Towards OIC economic cooperation: Impact of developing 8 (D-8) preferential trade agreement(WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE, 2013) Othman, Jamal; Acar, Mustafa; Jafari, YaghoobThe Developing 8 (D-8) comprises of eight developing countries (Turkey, Malaysia, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Iran, Egypt and Nigeria), all of which are OIC members with large Muslim populations. The D-8 has formed a freer trade alliance with the objectives to create new opportunities and enhance intra-trade relations while providing better standards of living for its citizens. This paper examines the trade impact of possible trade liberalization among the D-8 countries using a multi-country computable general equilibrium model, i.e., GTAP. Results indicate that while the D-8 intra-trade is expected to increase very substantially, not all member countries will experience a welfare gain under a free trade arrangement. Likewise, the impact on economic sectors differs substantially across countries.Öğe Türkiye’de sivil anayasa arayışları, anayasal iktisat ve anayasada bulunması gereken iktisadi-mali hükümler(Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi, 2013) Acar, Mustafa; Bilir, HüsnüTürkiye bugünlerde sivil anayasa hazırlıkları yapmaktadır. Toplumsal barış ve huzur için Türkiye’nin sivil, demokratik, çoğulcu ve özgürlükçü bir anayasaya çok ihtiyacı vardır. Askeri darbe ürünü anayasadan kurtulmak Türkiye’nin istikrarlı ve itibarlı bir ülke olması açısından elzemdir. Anayasada iktisadi-mali hükümlerin bulunması tartışmalı bir konudur. Bu çalışma, kamu tercihi teorisi ve anayasal iktisat tartışmalarına atıfla, anayasada iktisadi-mali hükümlerin bulunmasının fayda ve sakıncalarına değinmekte ve siyasi otoritenin tercih imkanlarını ortadan kaldırmayacak, ama keyfi uygulamalara da meydan vermeyecek, orta yolcu öneriler sunmaktadır.
